✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
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Missal

There are 128 resources that contain the exact keyword: Missal
id title type
BAVet22 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 22 mss
ESky008 ʾƎndartā, Koholo Yoḥannǝs Dabra Betel, KY-008 mss
ESgkm022 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Maḵodʿa Dabra Gannat Kidāna Mǝḥrat, GKM-022 mss
BAVet9 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 9 mss
ESaqm009 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾAgarhǝse ʾAbuna Māmās, AQM-009 mss
ESdsm015 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Dabra Sāhl Qǝddus Mikāʾel Bet Maḵāʿ, DSM-015 mss
ESmqm007 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Dabra Maʿār Qǝddǝst Māryām, MQM-007 mss
ESaqg012 Gulo Maḵadā, ʿĀddi Qolqʷāl Giyorgis, AQG-012 mss
ESamq016 ʿAddigrat, ʿĀddigrāt Dabra Mankǝrāt Qǝddus Qirqos, AMQ-016 mss
IVbeneshevich1 Saint Petersburg, Institut Vostočnyh Rukopisej Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, IV Beneshevich 1 mss
BAVet116 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 116 mss
ESbmqm009 Sāʿsiʿ Ṣaʿdā ʾƎmbā, Bet Muḵāʿ Mikāʾel, BMQM-009 mss
ESum047 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, ʿUrā Qirqos, UM-047 mss
ESddm004 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Danderā Dabra Mǝḥrat Mikāʾel, DDM-004 mss
ESqsm013 Gulo Maḵadā, Qarsabar Qǝddus Mikāʾel, QSM-013 mss
ESqdq009 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Qandāʿro Qǝddus Qirqos, QDQ-009 mss
BAVet34 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 34 mss
ESqsm010 Gulo Maḵadā, Qarsabar Qǝddus Mikāʾel, QSM-010 mss
ESmm010 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Māryām Makān, MM-010 mss
ESqsm022 Gulo Maḵadā, Qarsabar Qǝddus Mikāʾel, QSM-022 mss
ESqsm015 Gulo Maḵadā, Qarsabar Qǝddus Mikāʾel, QSM-015 mss
ESwq005 Sāʿsiʿ Ṣaʿdā ʾƎmbā, Walwālo Dabra Bǝrhān Qirqos, WQ-005 mss
BDLaethg21 Oxford, Bodleian Library, Bodleian Aeth. g. 21 mss
ESdz023 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Dabra Zayt Qǝddǝst Māryām, DZ-023 mss
BDLaethe20 Oxford, Bodleian Library, Bodleian Aeth. e. 20 mss
ESmhg017 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Ḥarennat Gabazayti Qǝddǝst Māryām, MHG-017 mss
ESmsm009 Gulo Maḵadā, Dabra Ṣǝyon Qǝddǝst Māryām Manabayti, MSM-009 mss
ESam007 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, ʾAsir Matirā, AM-007 mss
ESath009 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾArāʿro Takla Hāymānot, ATH-009 mss
ESsdm008 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Soṭā Dabra Salām Qǝddus Mikāʾel, SDM-008 mss
ESaqm008 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾAgarhǝse ʾAbuna Māmās, AQM-008 mss
ESqma001 Gāntā ʾAfašum, ʾAbrǝqo Māryām, QMA-001 mss
ESmac004 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Č̣ahāt Madḫāne ʿĀlam, MAC-004 mss
ESdz013 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Dabra Zayt Qǝddǝst Māryām, DZ-013 mss
BAVet1 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 1 mss
ESmr007 Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-007 mss
ESssb005 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Bet Ḥāwāryāt, SSB-005 mss
ESfbm005 Gulo Maḵadā, Faqādā Māryām, FBM-005 mss
ESmr013 Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-013 mss
ESqmb004 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Balasā Qǝddus Mikāʾel, QMB-004 mss
ESgms004 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Siʿet Qǝddǝst Māryām, GMS-004 mss
ESmr025 Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-025 mss
ESfbm011 Gulo Maḵadā, Faqādā Māryām, FBM-011 mss
ESmr019 Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-019 mss
ESgms010 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Siʿet Qǝddǝst Māryām, GMS-010 mss
ESsqmm009 Gulo Maḵadā, Saglāt Qǝddus Mikāʾel, SQMM-009 mss
ESktm008 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Kadiḥ Dabra Tawāḥǝdo Qǝddǝst Māryām, KTM-008 mss
ESeth010 Gulo Maḵadā, ʿƎmbayto Takla Hāymānot, ETH-010 mss
ESmqm005 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Dabra Maʿār Qǝddǝst Māryām, MQM-005 mss
ESgbi012 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Gwāḥgot ʾIyasus, GBI-012 mss
ESfbm010 Gulo Maḵadā, Faqādā Māryām, FBM-010 mss
ESehpp015 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾƎndā Ḥawāryāt Ṗeṭros wa-Ṗāwlos, EHPP-015 mss
BLorient521 London, British Library, BL Oriental 521 mss
BAVet78 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 78 mss
ESmma005 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Maʿago ʾAmānuʾel, MMA-005 mss
ESsdm004 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Soṭā Dabra Salām Qǝddus Mikāʾel, SDM-004 mss
ESmgm011 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Mǝʾǝsār Gwǝḥilā Qǝddus Mikāʾel, MGM-011 mss
ESdz012 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Dabra Zayt Qǝddǝst Māryām, DZ-012 mss
ESum007 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, ʿUrā Qirqos, UM-007 mss
ESnsm014 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Nǝḥbi Qǝddus Mikāʾel, NSM-014 mss
ESddm021 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Danderā Dabra Mǝḥrat Mikāʾel, DDM-021 mss
ESqds002 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Qiʿāt Dabra Ṣǝyon Qǝddǝst Māryām, QDS-002 mss
IVorlov18 Saint Petersburg, Institut Vostočnyh Rukopisej Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk, IV Orlov 18 mss
ESmhg010 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Ḥarennat Gabazayti Qǝddǝst Māryām, MHG-010 mss
ESmqm014 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Dabra Maʿār Qǝddǝst Māryām, MQM-014 mss
ESamm012 ʿAddigrat, ʿĀddigrāt Madḫāne ʿĀlam, AMM-012 mss
ESeth003 Gulo Maḵadā, ʿƎmbayto Takla Hāymānot, ETH-003 mss
ESqs009 Sāʿsiʿ Ṣaʿdā ʾƎmbā, Qalāqǝl Māryām Ṣǝyon, QS-009 mss
ESdmd005 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Dǝblā Yoḥannǝs Maṭmǝq, DMD-005 mss
BAVet108 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth.108 mss
BAVet16 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 16 mss
ESqmm002 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Margāḥǝya Qǝddus Mikāʾel, QMM-002 mss
ESakm002 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾAmbasat Kidāna Mǝḥrat, AKM-002 mss
ESnsm010 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Nǝḥbi Qǝddus Mikāʾel, NSM-010 mss
ESamm003 ʿAddigrat, ʿĀddigrāt Madḫāne ʿĀlam, AMM-003 mss
ESmkl008 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Laqāy Kidāna Mǝḥrat, MKL-008 mss
ESmkl009 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Laqāy Kidāna Mǝḥrat, MKL-009 mss
ESmr008 Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-008 mss
ESbmqm010 Sāʿsiʿ Ṣaʿdā ʾƎmbā, Bet Muḵāʿ Mikāʾel, BMQM-010 mss
BAVet29 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 29 mss
ESqqm015 Gulo Maḵadā, ʿĀddi Qiyāḥto Qǝddǝst Māryām, QQM-015 mss
ESmr034 Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-034 mss
BAVet15 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 15 mss
BAVet69 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 69 mss
ESmsm010 Gulo Maḵadā, Dabra Ṣǝyon Qǝddǝst Māryām Manabayti, MSM-010 mss
ESdma002 Gāntā ʾAfašum, ʾAḥzarā Māryām, DMA-002 mss
ESqgm007 Sāʿsiʿ Ṣaʿdā ʾƎmbā, Manawat Qǝddus Giyorgis, QGM-007 mss
ESmr014b Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-014b mss
DSEthiop8 Egypt, Dayr as-Suryān, DS Ethiop. 8 mss
ESqma005 Gāntā ʾAfašum, ʾAbrǝqo Māryām, QMA-005 mss
ESsmm007 Gulo Maḵadā, Samāz Māryām, SMM-007 mss
ESgbi009 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Gwāḥgot ʾIyasus, GBI-009 mss
ESmhg011 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Ḥarennat Gabazayti Qǝddǝst Māryām, MHG-011 mss
ESbqm013 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Māryām Māy ʾAbʾa, BQM-013 mss
ESgmg010 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Ganāḥti Qǝddǝst Māryām, GMG-010 mss
ESthmr007 Sāʿsiʿ Ṣaʿdā ʾƎmbā, Māy Rāzā Takla Haymānot, THMR-007 mss
BAVet18 Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 18 mss
ESky064 ʾƎndartā, Koholo Yoḥannǝs Dabra Betel, KY-064 mss
ESamq010 ʿAddigrat, ʿĀddigrāt Dabra Mankǝrāt Qǝddus Qirqos, AMQ-010 mss
ESum017 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, ʿUrā Qirqos, UM-017 mss
ESmma008 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Maʿago ʾAmānuʾel, MMA-008 mss
ESqmm007 Gāntā ʾAfašum, Margāḥǝya Qǝddus Mikāʾel, QMM-007 mss
ESmy021 Gulo Maḵadā, Dabra Māʿṣo Qǝddus Yoḥannǝs, MY-021 mss
ESap004 Gulo Maḵadā, ʿĀddaqāḥarsi Ṗarāqliṭos, AP-004 mss
ESakm009 Gulo Maḵadā, ʾAmbasat Kidāna Mǝḥrat, AKM-009 mss
BDLaethe1 Oxford, Bodleian Library, Bodleian Aeth. e. 1 mss
ESnsm016 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Nǝḥbi Qǝddus Mikāʾel, NSM-016 mss
ESum023 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, ʿUrā Qirqos, UM-023 mss
ESma003 Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, ʾĀndel Qǝddǝst Māryām, MA-003 mss
ESqqm017 Gulo Maḵadā, ʿĀddi Qiyāḥto Qǝddǝst Māryām, QQM-017 mss
ESap001 Gulo Maḵadā, ʿĀddaqāḥarsi Ṗarāqliṭos, AP-001 mss
FSUor15 Frankfurt, Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, Frankfurt Ms. or. 15 mss
ESbma001 Gāntā ʾAfašum, ʿĀddigrāt Bet Māryā, BMA-001 mss
LIT3189Anapho Fourteen Anaphoras work
LIT7010Rassayanna ʾƎsma rassayanna work
ESsqmm008 Gulo Maḵadā, Saglāt Qǝddus Mikāʾel, SQMM-008 mss
BLorient548 London, British Library, BL Oriental 548 mss
BLorient80 London, British Library, BL Oriental 80 mss
BLorient546 London, British Library, BL Oriental 546 mss
BLorient547 London, British Library, BL Oriental 547 mss
BLorient545 London, British Library, BL Oriental 545 mss
LIT1960Mashaf Maṣḥafa qǝddāse work
LIT4860Litanies Litanies for the days of the week work
LIT4858Litany Sǝmǝka ḥǝyāw work
LIT4715MashafaN Maṣḥafa nǝfq work
LIT4859Litany Wa-kāʿba nāstabaqqʷǝʿo la-ʾamlāka mǝḥrat work
LIT7009Amlakena ʾAmlākǝna work
LIT6553SacerPrayers Sacerdotal prayers for the Divine Office work