✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
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Ethics

There are 64 resources that contain the exact keyword: Ethics
id title type
IHA0314 Chicago, Weiner, WEINER00149 mss
IHA1125 Wulqiṭ / Wolkite / Wälqiṭe / Welkite (Zabbi Molla), Zabbi Molla Library, ZM00294 mss
IHA1395 Agaro / Aggārō, Agaro Šayḫ Kamal, SHK00019 mss
IHA0765 Balbala, Kabirto - ʻAlawī b. ʻAbd al-Ṣamad b. ʻAbd al-Qādir b. Ḥāǧǧ Ḥamza, DJKH00007 mss
IHA1386 Agaro / Aggārō, Agaro Šayḫ Kamal, SHK00015 mss
IHA0332 Addis Ababa, IES - Institute of Ethiopian Studies, IES00266 mss
IHA0532 Wulqiṭ / Wolkite / Wälqiṭe / Welkite (Zabbi Molla), Zabbi Molla Library, ZM00030 mss
LIT2467IHA درر الغواص على فتاوي سيدي علي الخواص work
LIT3109IHA رسالة في اداب الذكر work
LIT2623IHA رسائل الميرغنية تشتمل على اثنتى عشرة رسالة في آداب الطريقة الختمية work
LIT3218IHA فتح الرحيم الرحمن work
LIT2652IHA مكارم الاخلاق work
LIT0337IHA نزهة المجالس ومنتخب النفائس work
LIT2650IHA وابل الصيب من الكلم الطيب work
LIT2642IHA نص فقد امر لله عباده باداب المحاورة work
LIT1726IHA مراقي العبودية work
LIT3185IHA رسالة في علم الواجبات work
LIT1999IHA فوز والنجاة في الهجرة إلى الله work
LIT1321IHA در الفاخر في شرح قجر السافر work
LIT3482IHA عين الادب والسياسة وزين الحساب والرياسة work
LIT1825IHA نظم فوائد المسواك ومنافعه work
LIT0444IHA تنبيه الغافلين work
LIT2637IHA ثقافة العامة والدروس الهامة work
LIT4019IHA تصوف الاسلامي في الادب والاخلاق work
LIT2218IHA شهاب الاخبار في الحكم والامثال والاداب من الاحاديث المروية عن الرسول المختار work
LIT3959IHA Collection of moral advices work
LIT1258IHA مطالع الشروق في مراعاة الحقوق work
LIT3127IHA مجموع المباحث والفوائد work
LIT0759IHA لامية ابن الوردي work
LIT3619IHA رسالة تعزية work
LIT3135IHA نصيحة الكافية لمن خصه الله بالعافية work
LIT2528IHA كتاب اخلاق النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وادابه work
LIT3717IHA كتاب السبعيات work
LIT2343IHA رسالة في الايمان work
LIT2665IHA حجة الله البالغة work
LIT2777IHA كشف والتبيين في غرور الخلق اجمعين work
LIT4540IHA فضائح الوهابية work
LIT3885IHA اقتضاء الصراط المستقيم لمخالفة اصحاب الجحيم work
LIT3889IHA تكفير اخطر بدعة تهدد السلام والوحدة بين المسلمين في نيجريا work
LIT2684IHA ايقاظ الهمم على متن الحكم work
LIT3104IHA ايها الولد work
LIT3481IHA غرر الخصائص الواضحة وعرر النقائص الفاضحة work
LIT1320IHA فجر السافر work
LIT2531IHA مستطرف في كل فن المستظرف work
LIT0001IHA كتاب الفرائض للعراشي work
LIT2227IHA رسالة في قمع الشهوة عن تناول التنباك والكفتة والقات والقهوة work
LIT2468IHA جواهر والدرر مما استفاده سيدي عبد الوهاب الشعراني من شيخه علي الخواص work
LIT1727IHA بداية الهداية work
LIT2585IHA رياض الصالحين من كلام سيد المرسلين work
LIT3134IHA رسالة في اداب الجماع work
LIT2682IHA تلخيص ايقاظ الهمم على متن الحكم work
LIT3110IHA مجموع فوائد work
LIT0770IHA كتاب الفرائض work
LIT2655IHA تقاريظ النحضة الاصلاحية للاسرة الاسلامية work
LIT2671IHA جواب الكافى لمن سال عن الدواء الشافى work
LIT2583IHA دليل الفالحين لطرق رياض الصالحين work
LIT3540IHA أقوال الإمام جعفر الصادق work
LIT2626IHA زاد المعاد فى هدي خير العباد work
LIT4539IHA صواعق الإلهية في الرد على الوهابية work
LIT2645IHA تربية الاولاد في الاسلام work
LIT1113IHA طهارة القلوب والخضوع لعلام الغيوب work
LIT3124IHA مجموع اللطائف والنكت والمسائل والفوائد work
LIT1569IHA نصائح مختلفة work
LIT3597IHA ادب الاسلام في نظام الاسرة work