✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

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Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

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Academic

There are 170 resources that contain the exact keyword: academic
id title type
INS0462Chic University of Chicago ins
INS0474ColumbiaME Columbia University Department of Middle Eastern, South Asian, and African Studies ins
INS0499Remnant Remnant Trust ins
INS0463COrIns University of Chicago Oriental Institute ins
INS0475JTS The Jewish Theological Seminary ins
INS0971Montevergine Biblioteca Statale di Montevergine annessa al Monumento nazionale di Montevergine ins
INS0831NBY Yale University, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library ins
INS0880WHU Howard University School of Divinity ins
INS0832NYP New York Public Library ins
INS0833OSC Schøyen Collection ins
INS0809MJR John Rylands Library ins
INS0830NBG Barrister's Gallery ins
INS0875WCU Catholic University of America ins
INS0823MUL McGill University Library ins
INS0884WMB Museum of the Bible ins
INS0907Akademija Imperatorskaja Akademija Nauk ins
INS0834PBF Biblioteca Forteguerriana di Pistoia ins
INS0762HDB Dunham Bible Museum ins
INS0761HCO Haverford College ins
INS0773LTW Trinity Western University ins
INS0866TSL Tel Aviv University Sourasky Central Library ins
INS0853TEM Ethiopian Manuscript Digital Library ins
INS0548ACC Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat ins
INS0553ACU Abilene Christian University ins
INS0503ARCCH Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage ins
INS0501IES Ya-ʾItyoṗṗǝyā ṭenātǝnnā mǝrǝmmǝr taqʷām ins
INS0775LWC Wellcome Collection ins
INS0771JPA Jerusalem Patriarchate of the Armenian Orthodox Church ins
INS0774LUC University of California Los Angeles ins
INS0736EGE Garrett-Evangelical Theological Seminary ins
INS0738EUL Edinburgh University Library ins
INS0739EUO University of Oregon Library ins
INS0692CUL Cambridge University Library Collections ins
INS0609AMK Māḫbara Qǝddusan Youth Organization ins
INS0301IV Institut Vostočnyh Rukopisej Rossijskoj Akademii Nauk ins
INS0447EMIP Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project ins
INS0002AAI Asien-Afrika-Institut ins
INS0326MPJ Jesuits Professed House ins
INS0461Art_Institute_of_Chicago Art Institute of Chicago ins
INS0874WBU Brandeis University ins
PRS2916Bruce James Bruce pers
PRS2700Berhanu Bǝrhanu Dǝnqe pers
PRS2929Budge Ernest Alfred Wallis Budge pers
PRS2176Asselin Jean-Louis Asselin de Cherville pers
PRS2555Basset René Basset pers
PRS8999Strelcyn Stefan Strelcyn pers
PRS8134Ricci Lanfranco Ricci pers
PRS8249Ruppell Eduard Rüppell pers
PRS9984WaldaTe Walda Tǝnśāʾe pers
PRS9193Taklasa Takla Ṣādǝq Makʷǝriyā pers
PRS9270TasfaGa Tasfā Gabra Śǝllāse pers
PRS9187TaklaMa Takla Māryām Samhārāy Sallim pers
PRS9602Turaev Boris Turaev pers
PRS9607Tuerstig Robert Türstig pers
PRS9584Trumpp Ernst Trumpp pers
PRS9622Ullendor Edward Ullendorff pers
PRS11238Contelori Felice Contelori pers
PRS11731WaldaTensae Walda Tǝnśāʾe pers
PRS11309Alphonsus Alphonsus Paulinus Romanus pers
PRS11468BPamphili Benedetto Pamphili pers
PRS11319Weissenbruch Johann Heinrich Weissenbruch pers
PRS11304Defremery Charles-François Defrémery pers
PRS11420Sayce Archibald Henry Sayce pers
PRS11318Darbelo Darbelo pers
PRS11303Avezac Marie-Armand d'Avezac de Castera Macaya pers
PRS11256PitraGB Giovanni Battista Pitra pers
PRS11770Savvaitov Pavel Savvaitov pers
PRS11730GMercati Giovanni Mercati pers
PRS11317Marcel Jean-Joseph Marcel pers
PRS11320Thieme Johann David Thieme pers
PRS11337Tischendorf Konstantin Tischendorf pers
PRS11480Malan Solomon Caesar Malan pers
PRS11356Gasquet Francis Aidan Gasquet pers
PRS4876Guidi Ignazio Guidi pers
PRS4532Gaselee Stephen Gaselee pers
PRS4451Gallina Francesco Gallina pers
PRS4846Gruehl Max Grühl pers
PRS4239Gabrahe Gabra Ḥǝywat Bāykadāñ pers
PRS4848Gruenebau Gustave von Grünebaum pers
PRS4747Goldschm Lazarus Goldschmidt pers
PRS4824Gregory Gregory of Nyssa pers
PRS4199Fusella Luigi Fusella pers
PRS1072dAbbadi Arnauld [Michel] d’Abbadie [d’Arrast] pers
PRS1021Abarraa Abarraa Nafaa pers
PRS1275Abraham Abraham Ortelius pers
PRS1001AbbaTam ʾAbbā Tamsās pers
PRS1071dAbbadi Antoine d’Abbadie [d’Arrast] pers
PRS1435Admasug ʾAdmāsu Ǧambare pers
PRS1585AkalaWa ʾAkāla Wald pers
PRS7379Muenster Sebastian Münster pers
PRS7939Praetori Franz Praetorius pers
PRS7359Mueller David Heinrich von Müller pers
PRS7363Mueller Wilhelm Max Müller pers
PRS7170Moreno Martino Moreno pers
PRS7146MondonV Casimir Mondon-Vidailhet pers
PRS7360Mueller Friedrich Müller pers
PRS7709Pambo Pambo pers
PRS7604Noldeke Theodor Nöldeke pers
PRS7362Mueller Walter W. Müller pers
PRS7798Perrucho Jules Perruchon pers
PRS5816Kabbada Kabbada Tasammā pers
PRS5012Halevy Joseph Halévy pers
PRS5782JuelJen Bent Juel-Jensen pers
PRS5384Holtermue Johann Holtermüller pers
PRS5072Hammersc Ernst Hammerschmidt pers
PRS10747Zotenbe Hermann Zotenberg pers
PRS10129Wemmers Jacob Wemmers pers
PRS10036Wansleb Johann-Michael Wansleben pers
PRS10171Wright William Wright pers
PRS10789Picques Louis Picques pers
PRS3890Esteves Francisco Maria Esteves Pereira pers
PRS3082Chaine Marius Chaîne pers
PRS3562Dillmann Christian Friedrich August Dillmann pers
PRS3076Cerulli Enrico Cerulli pers
PRS3016Caquot André Caquot pers
PRS3148Cohen Marcel Cohen pers
PRS3959Faitlovi Jacques Faitlovitch pers
PRS3182ContiRo Carlo Conti Rossini pers
PRS6555Makwanne Makʷannǝn ʾArgāw pers
PRS6368Luebke Heinrich Lübke pers
PRS6324Littmann Enno Littmann pers
PRS6377Ludolf Christian Ludolf pers
PRS6376Lueders Dietrich Lüders pers
PRS6556Makwanne Makʷannǝn Bišāw pers
PRS6280LeviBrue Lucien Lévi-Brühl pers
PRS6310Lifchitz Déborah Lifchitz pers
PRS6399Luepke Theodor von Lüpke pers
PRS6378Ludolf Hiob Ludolf pers
PRS6271Leslau Wolf Leslau pers
PRS12696Lixacev Lixačev pers
PRS12692VladimirBeneshevich Vladimir Nikolaevič Beneshevič pers
PRS12936Gincburg pers
PRS12701Marr Nicholas Marr pers
PRS12886Balashova Balašova Galina Aleksandrovna pers
PRS12852Platonov Platonov pers
PRS12395Bok Vladimir Bok pers
INS0976Windsor Royal Library Windsor Castle ins
INS0977Karan Missione Cattolica di Cheren ins
INS0977Brescia Fondazione Biblioteca Morcelli - Pinacoteca Repossi di Chiari ins
PRS13883PhillippsT Thomas Phillipps pers
INS0981Leicester University of Leicester ins
INS0986Oslo Kulturhistorisk Museum ins
INS0987Pacific Warner Pacific University ins
PRS13956Kevork Hagop Kevorkian pers
INS0991Serbian National Library of Serbia ins
PRS13997Valeriani Domenico Valeriani pers
PRS13998Formigli Giuseppe Formigli pers
PRS14015Deggu pers
PRS14016Mangest alaqā Mangǝst pers
PRS14017Salomon pers
INS1001MusKulBasel Museum der Kulturen Basel ins
PRS14050MentasnotAbbuhay Məntasnot ʾAbbuhay pers
PRS14067HabtuSarad Ḫabtu Ṣarād pers
PRS14225WalterFrei Walter Frei pers
PRS14230GBRaimondi Giambattista Raimondi pers
INS1006FCCOS Franciscan Center of Christian Oriental Studies ins
PRS14244Brugsch pers
PRS14349ClaudiusJErskine pers
INS1010SAC Société d’Archéologie Copte ins
INS0019Pavoni Pavoni Social Center ins
INS0020Rudulph Rudulph Collection ins
INS0400Institute Institute for New Testament Textual Research Münster ins
PRS14439AliceLieder pers
PRS14447Woolley pers
PRS14448Driver pers
PRS14449Margoliouth pers
PRS14450Heruy pers
PRS14451JessiePayne pers
PRS14476Bernard Marius Bernard pers
PRS14577WinterJones John Winter Jones pers