✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
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Islamic Literature

There are 58 resources that contain the exact keyword: IslamicLiterature
id title type
BDLor219 Oxford, Bodleian Library, Bodleian Orient 219 mss
BNFet161 Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, BnF Éthiopien 161 mss
BLorient494 London, British Library, BL Oriental 494 mss
LIT2077Nuzhat Nuzhat al-asrārwa-ṭahārat al-aqḏār work
LIT4046IHA Poem in old Harari (6) work
LIT4037IHA work
LIT3841IHA نظم يا رب مالك الملك work
LIT3017IHA استعاثة بالرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم work
LIT0533IHA نظم أبدؤ بسم الله وشكرا والحمد له work
LIT4565IHA نظم نبي الرحمة معدن الحكمة جنة الراحة سلسبيل الحضر work
LIT3455IHA Unidentified tafsīr 5 work
LIT0419IHA نصيحة الملوك work
LIT4408IHA نظم الا يا صاح يا صاح work
LIT3463IHA Epistle work
LIT3567IHA دعاء قاتلوهم يعذبهم بأيديكم ويخزهم وينصركم عليهم work
LIT2877IHA راموز الاحاديث المشتمل على انواع الاحاديث work
LIT0548IHA ترصيف في علم التصريف work
LIT4648IHA نظم لاتركني نفسي الهوى work
LIT4164IHA رسال الى الحاج يونس عبده وحاج حاكم كليف work
LIT4015IHA دعاء احفظنا في ظلمات الليل كما حفظت في ضوء النهار work
LIT4131IHA دعاء اللهم صل وسلم وبارك على سيدنا محمد صاحب المقام الاعلى work
LIT3934IHA دراسات في حياة يسوع المسيح work
LIT2279IHA Unidentified text about Sufism work
LIT4050IHA work
LIT1608IHA نهاية البغية work
LIT2383IHA Duʻā' in Somali (2) work
LIT2138IHA نظم تعلمت الالحان من نوحي الورقاء work
LIT3511IHA دعاء ألم تر كيف فعل ربك باصحاب الفيل work
LIT0575IHA ألأياچش الوارادا لسلمو لى محمدا work
LIT1601IHA Registry of marriages and transactions work
LIT4531IHA مجموعات احزاب واوراد الشيخ الاكبر ابن عربي محيي الدين محمد بن عربي الحاتمي work
LIT0855IHA تعليم المتعلم لتعلم طريق العلم work
LIT4047IHA قوائد في الفروع الشافعية work
LIT2080IHA نشيد لعبد القادر الجيلاني على الأوليا القين سرّي وبرهاني work
LIT1512IHA Unidentified ʻAqīda Text work
LIT3645IHA [مجلة] منبر الاسلام work
LIT1563IHA عطية الاطفال work
LIT4038IHA Poem in Arabic work
LIT1635IHA Registry of deaths and inheritances work
LIT4610IHA نظم صلاة الله تغش كل حين محمد من أتى بالمعجزات work
LIT1451IHA نظم الحمد لله الهادي الواجد work
LIT4458IHA Poem in old Harari (17) work
LIT4527IHA Poem in ʻaǧamī Oromo (18) work
LIT1609IHA نفحة الالهية work
LIT2850IHA رسالة ٢ من ابا الجمال الألڭي الى ابي الفتح work
LIT2188IHA Poem in ʻaǧamī Oromo (17) work
LIT4067IHA مدح النبي بسم الله بيي لجمرو work
LIT3939IHA work
EMIP03334 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 116 mss
EMIP03335 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 117 mss
EMIP03336 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 118 mss
EMIP03337 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 119 mss
EMIP03338 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 120 mss
EMIP03339 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 121 mss
EMIP03340 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 122 mss
EMIP03341 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 123 mss
EMIP03342 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 124 mss
EMIP03343 ʾAddis ʾAbabā, Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat, 125 mss