✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
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country

There are 84 resources that contain the exact keyword: country
id title type
LOC2804Egypt Egypt place
LOC2194Congo Democratic Republic of Congo DRC DR Congo DROC place
LOC2652Denmar Denmark place
LOC2209CzechR Czech Republik place
LOC2009Bulgar Bulgaria place
LOC2110Canada Canada place
LOC2025Burkin Burkina Faso place
LOC2105Camero Cameroon place
LOC2026Burma Burma place
LOC2709Djibou Djibouti place
LOC2171China China place
LOC2163ChadRe Chad Republic place
LOC2056Byzant Byzantine Empire place
LOC4191Kuwait Kuwait place
LOC4053Kenya Republic of Kenya place
LOC4123Kongo Kongo place
LOC4859Monten Montenegro place
LOC4646Maurit Mauritania place
LOC4269Lebano Lebanon place
LOC4484Mali Mali place
LOC4881Mozamb Mozambique place
LOC4868Morocc Morocco place
LOC4135Korea Korea place
LOC4991NewZea New Zealand place
LOC4297Liberi Liberia place
LOC4995Nigeri Nigeria place
LOC4300Libya Libya place
LOC4989Nether Netherlands place
LOC4853Mongol Mongolia place
LOC4476Malawi Malawi place
LOC4807Mexico Mexico place
LOC1995Brazil Brazil place
LOC1605Austra Australia place
LOC1331Albani Albania place
LOC1983Bosnia Bosnia place
LOC1228Afghan Afghanistan place
LOC1846Benin Benin place
LOC1838Belgiu Belgium place
LOC5017Nubia Nubia place
LOC5389Russia Rossijskaja Federacija place
LOC5963Thaila Thailand place
LOC5894Tangan Tanganyika place
LOC5679Senega Senegal place
LOC5066Pakist Pakistan place
LOC5905Tanzan Tanzania place
LOC5086Peru Peru place
LOC5111Portug Portugal place
LOC5026Nyasal Nyasaland place
LOC5117Prussi Prussia place
LOC5833Syria Syria place
LOC5045Oman Oman place
LOC5830Switze Swiss Confederation Switzerland place
LOC5829Sweden Kingdom of Sweden place
LOC5011Norway Norway place
LOC5347Rhodes Rhodesia place
LOC5797Spain Kingdom of Spain place
LOC5720Sierra Sierra-Leone place
LOC5104Poland Poland place
LOC5373Romani Romania place
LOC3103France French Republic place
LOC3940Italy Italy place
LOC3010Ethiop ኢትዮጵያ place
LOC3236Gambia Gambia place
LOC3432German Germany place
LOC3419Georgi Georgia place
LOC3931Iraq Iraq place
LOC3607Greece Greece place
LOC3451Ghana Ghana place
LOC3948Japan Japan place
LOC3937Israel Dawlat Isrāʼīl place
LOC3958Jordan The Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan place
LOC6428Zambia Republic of Zambia place
LOC6873BaraArab Bara ʿArab place
LOC6078Vietna Socialist Republic of Vietnam place
LOC6387Yemen Republic of Yemen place
LOC6034Tunisi Tunisian Republic place
LOC6851Agazi ʾAgʿazi place
LOC6571Qalonya Qalonyā place
LOC6397Yugosl Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia place
LOC6488Zimbab Republic of Zimbabwe place
LOC7364USA United States of America place
LOC7374Armenia Armenia place
LOC7376ChachereGiyorgis place
LOC7377Chachara place