✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
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Coptic

There are 81 resources that contain the exact keyword: Coptic
id title type
IHA1241 Haro, Haro Abba Dura, HRD00006 mss
PRS2068Arsenofi ʾArsonofisʾArsanofisʾArsanofes pers
PRS2225Atnatewo ʾAtnātewos pers
PRS2209Athanasi Athanasius pers
PRS2659Benjamin Benjamin of Alexandria pers
PRS2467Barsoma Barsauma "the Naked" pers
PRS2469Bartalom Bartalomewos pers
PRS8033Qerellos Qerǝllos pers
PRS8388SalamaI Salāmā III pers
PRS8870Sinoda Sinodā pers
PRS8032Qerellos Qerǝllos pers
PRS8588Sawiros Sāwiros pers
PRS8788Severos Severos of Ašmunayn pers
PRS8740Semon Sǝmʿon pers
PRS13100Marqos Marqos pers
PRS13102Yusab Yūsāb pers
PRS13140Giyorgis Giyorgis pers
PRS9486Theophil Theophilos of Alexandria pers
PRS11305PetrosI Ṗeṭros I pers
PRS11721PeterVIIAlex Peter VII of Alexandria pers
PRS11336Giyorgis Giyorgis pers
PRS11137QerellosII Qerǝllos II pers
PRS11329Yestir Yǝstir pers
PRS4587Georget Giyorgis pers
PRS4120Fiqtor Fiqṭor pers
PRS4372Gabreel Gabrǝʾel pers
PRS4711Giyorgis Giyorgis Walda ʾAmid pers
PRS4701Giyorgis Giyorgis II pers
PRS1013Abalfara ʾAbalfarag pers
PRS1962Anthony Antony pers
PRS1012Abalez ʾAbalǝz pers
PRS1886Ammoni Ammonius of Tunah pers
PRS7696Pachomiu Pachomius pers
PRS7595Nob ኖብ፡ Nob martyr pers
PRS7827Petros Ṗeṭros pers
PRS7076Mikael Mikāʾel [IV] pers
PRS7830Petros Ṗeṭros IV pers
PRS7829Petros Ṗeṭros III pers
PRS7073Mikael Mikāʾel II pers
PRS7054Michael Michael of Aṯrīb and Malīǧ አባ፡ ሚካኤል፡ Abbā Mikāʾel pers
PRS7806PeterI Peter [I] of Alexandria pers
PRS7074Mikael Mikāʾel [III] pers
PRS13669Dukyanos Dukyanos pers
PRS5793Juliuso Julius of Aqfahs pers
PRS5731Johnof Yoḥannǝs Madabbar pers
PRS10430Yohanni Yoḥanni pers
PRS10391Yohanne Yoḥannǝs II pers
PRS10200Yaeqob Yāʿqob pers
PRS10510Zachari Zacharias of Saḫā pers
PRS10393Yohanne Yoḥannǝs III pers
PRS10390Yohanne Yoḥannǝs [I] pers
PRS10350Yeshaq Yǝsḥaq (II) pers
PRS10344Yeshaq Yǝsḥaq pers
PRS10449YosabI Yosāb I pers
PRS10450YosabI Yosāb II pers
PRS3178Constant Qʷasṭanṭinos za-ʾAsyuṭ pers
PRS3330Daneel Dānǝʾel pers
PRS3248Cyprian Qoṗrǝyānos pers
PRS6876Matewos Mātewos X pers
PRS6776Marqos Mārqos [III] pers
PRS6071Krestodo Krǝstodolu [II] pers
PRS6072Krestodo Krǝstodolu III pers
PRS6343Longinus Longinus pers
PRS6777Marqos Mārqos IV pers
PRS6070Krestodo Krǝstodolu I pers
PRS6774Marqos Mārqos [I] pers
PRS7000MenasM Menās pers
PRS6775Marqos Mārqos II pers
PRS6914Matyas Mātyās pers
PRS12651Pishoy Bǝsoy pers
PRS12955Tawfilus Ṯāʾufīlus pers
PRS13684Emrayes pers
PRS13683Bakimos Bakimos pers
PRS13662Stephen Stephen of Ahnas pers
PRS13663AbrahamScete Abraham of Scete pers
PRS13664GargaScete Gargā (George) of Scete pers
PRS13665Alaniqos ʾAlāniqos pers
PRS13666Absadi ʾAbsādi pers
PRS13892JohnofScetis Yoḥannǝs za-Dabra Maqārǝs pers
PRS14013Jeremiah Jeremiah pers
PRS14031John John of Parallos pers