✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

area

There are 287 resources that contain the exact keyword: area
id title type
INS0759GUN unknown ins
LOC2452Dalab Dālab place
LOC2458Dalmat Dalmatia place
LOC2401DabraZ Dabra Zayt place
LOC2516Danqaz Danqaz place
LOC2203Crimea Crimea place
LOC2557Darfur Darfur place
LOC4181Kurdis Kurdistan place
LOC4472MalakA Malak ʾAmbā place
LOC4655MayAla May ʿAläqti place
LOC4412Maghre Maghreb place
LOC4248Lamcan Lamčan place
LOC4292Levant Levant place
LOC1893BetaMa Beta Māryām place
LOC1695Bad Bad place
LOC1573AShafi ʿAṣḥafi place
LOC1059AbunMa ʾAbun Mask place
LOC1432Amonat ʾAmonāt place
LOC1508Arate ʿĀrāte place
LOC1002Aari Aari place
LOC1018AbbaSa ʾAbbā Šāwl place
LOC1111Addeqe ʿAddǝqe place
LOC5368RobitG Robit Gäbäya place
LOC5116Proven Provence place
LOC5865Takkaz Takkaze Mǝllaš place
LOC5180Qaroda Qārodā place
LOC5513Samari Samaria place
LOC5359RiodeO Rio de Oro place
LOC5031Oceani Oceania place
LOC5527Samoti Samoti place
LOC5733Sima Ṣimā place
LOC5662Semada Sǝmadā place
LOC7096Zemaha Zǝmāḥa place
LOC7067Ihiyo ʾIḵǝyo place
LOC7105AgamWeha Agām Waha place
LOC7329AmadBar ዓመድ፡ በር፡ place
LOC7148Abromla ʾAbromlā place
LOC7331WadoMeda ዋዶ፡ ሜዳ፡ place
LOC7311Fesebadann Fǝṣebadǝññ place
LOC7107Lenga Lengā Sǝfrā place
LOC7117Walaqo Walaqo place
LOC7064Zamma Žammā place
LOC7116Asandabo ʾAsandābo place
LOC7094Hasawa Ḥasawā place
LOC7304HagwatWeha ሐጓት፡ ወኻ። place
LOC7293Dangal Dangal place
LOC7008Wanca Wānč̣ā place
LOC7033AmbaMaryam ʾAmbā Māryām place
LOC7330Qetama ቄጠማ፡ place
LOC7316Andabet አንዳቤት፡ place
LOC7132Qaheba Qāhǝbā place
LOC7338Mawqareya መውቀርያ፡ place
LOC7046Maca Māč̣ā place
LOC7044Ebnat ʾEbnāt place
LOC7114EGz East Goǧǧām Zone place
LOC7031Maslut Māšlut place
LOC7297Yacaraqa የጨረቃን፡ place
LOC7335Masallamya መሸለሚያ፡ place
LOC7286SamaMahsabiya Šamā Maḥṣabiyā place
LOC7101Samamahsabiya Šamā Māḥǝṣabiyā place
LOC7032KodGabaya Ḳod Gabayā place
LOC7095KwelaGwedara kʷulā gʷidarā place
LOC7322TeklDengay ትክል፡ ድንጋይ፡ place
LOC7118Abazagay ʾAbažagāy place
LOC7121Bagwina Bāgʷinā place
LOC7075Abola ʾAbolā place
LOC7131Deleb Dǝleb place
LOC7083Cahudi Čaḫʷidi place
LOC7358Labata ለበጣ፡ place
LOC7070Wandege Wandǝge place
LOC7341Waqeta ወቄጣ፡ place
LOC7122GwelaGudera kʷulāgʷudarā place
LOC7058Kakaza Kakazā place
LOC7034Hamus Ḥamus Wanz place
LOC7305DangiyaKemmer ደንገያ፡ ክምር፡ place
LOC7124Dehana Dǝḵānā place
LOC7186Memsah Mǝmsāh place
LOC7119Wan Wān place
LOC7054Wanaba Wanabā place
LOC7337Qazaba ቀዘባ፡ place
LOC7312Saqalat Saqalaṭ place
LOC7091Damaka Damakā place
LOC7084Kwerbaha Kʷirbāḥa place
LOC7089Lakoma Lakomā place
LOC7314Baqqaha በቃሐ፡ place
LOC7332Malatit መላጢት፡ place
LOC7009Zobent Zobǝnt place
LOC7112Dalma Dalmā place
LOC7074Lala Lālā place
LOC7024MayKal Māy Kal Baḥǝrā place
LOC7104Gunke Gunke place
LOC7098Zugara Zugarā place
LOC7106Gateba Gaṭǝbā place
LOC7099Ganta Gantā place
LOC7006Kundel Kundǝl place
LOC7315BaqloFelaga በቅሎ፡ ፍለጋ፡ place
LOC7057Gumbli Gumbli place
LOC7307Iqalo ʾIqālo place
LOC7340Gambocat ገምቦቻት፡ place
LOC7066Caran Č̣ aran place
LOC7115Bot Boṭ place
LOC7109Zangwa Žāngʷā place
LOC7065Embisman ʾƎmbismān place
LOC7323YadEsanat ያፄ፡ እፃናት፡ place
LOC7111Bulla Bullā place
LOC7047Debraso Dǝbrāso place
LOC7281Way Way place
LOC7025WegloSaramne Wǝglo Sarāmne place
LOC7283Darisa Dariṣā place
LOC7318Abazaz አባዛዢ፡ place
LOC7313DabraSot Dabra Ḍot place
LOC7102MaqaWaka Maqā Waḵā place
LOC7123Dabola Dābolā place
LOC7069Cat Čat place
LOC7282YamrayamDabr Yamāryām Dabr place
LOC7284Bera Bǝrā place
LOC7068Qerenna Qǝrǝññā place
LOC7325Gulana ጉላና፡ place
LOC7309Aged ʾAgǝd place
LOC7108Semra Sǝmrā place
LOC7088Hankasa Ḥankašā place
LOC7321Kanawari ከርነዋሪ፡ place
LOC7319Galtema ገልጥማ፡ place
LOC7310Marheba Marhǝbā place
LOC7308WaynaArab Wayna ʿArab place
LOC7320Dangule ዳንጕሌ፡ place
LOC7334Sanceho ሸንችሆ፡ place
LOC7300Askuna አስኩና፡ place
LOC7010Gwagwusa Gʷāgʷis ā place
LOC7303Muy ሙይ፡ place
LOC7063Sarki Sārki place
LOC7085Ambasa ʾAmbasā place
LOC7324Gazge ጋዢጌ፡ place
LOC7035Goraba Gorabā place
LOC7339Agarit አገሪት፡ place
LOC7061GumarSanqa Gumar Sanqā place
LOC7151Taka Tāḵā place
LOC7005Zaragam Zaragam place
LOC7326Agala አገላ፡ place
LOC7285DoqmaWaha Doqmā Waḳā place
LOC7336Gamcat ገምቻት፡ place
LOC7053Aithiopia Aithiopia place
LOC7103Zanzanma Zanzanmā place
LOC7016Barca Bārč̣ā place
LOC7086Ambasn ʾAmbašǝn place
LOC7062Enadib ʾƎnadib place
LOC7023Zangag Zangāǧ place
LOC7149Arom ʾArom place
LOC7333Gallagyen ገላግይኝ፡ place
LOC7306Guna Gʷunā place
LOC3644Guman Gumān place
LOC3840Hazemo Hazǝmo place
LOC3838HazHaz Ḥaz Ḥaz place
LOC3788Harasm Ḥarasmā place
LOC3718Hadasa Ḥadāšā place
LOC3703Gwegwe Gʷǝdgʷǝdā place
LOC3014Europe Europe place
LOC3555Gol Gol place
LOC3026Fageta Fāgetā place
LOC3082Ferqab Fǝrqābǝr place
LOC3303Garado Garādo place
LOC3423GeraGa Gǝrā Garabo place
LOC6912Enzar ʾƎnžā r place
LOC6950Egusa ʾEgʷišā place
LOC6384Yeha Yǝḥa place
LOC6563Sada Ṣadā place
LOC6486Zigam Zigam place
LOC6981Ankua ʾAnkʷā place
LOC6954Yabart Yabart place
LOC6978Dasema Dāsǝ mā place
LOC6928Fareta Fāretā place
LOC6935WesaTers Wǝšā Ṭǝrs place
LOC6944Buda Budā place
LOC6991Gajege Gāǧǝge place
LOC6988Sagaba Sāgabā place
LOC6939Qararem Qarārǝm place
LOC6999Sase Šāše place
LOC6976Dulset Dulšǝt place
LOC6878Segga Ṣǝǧǧā Zor place
LOC6980Desat Dǝšat place
LOC6568Amhara ʾAmḥarā place
LOC6567Derdera Dǝrdǝrā place
LOC6931Wedo Wǝdo place
LOC6974Lahata Lāḥatā place
LOC6979Waramit Warāmit place
LOC6014Torat Torāt place
LOC6934Dud Dud place
LOC6509Zutary Zutāryā place
LOC6244Warrab Warrāba place
LOC6940Faresbaher Faras Baḥǝr place
LOC6938Kolo Kolo place
LOC6997Zarra Žārrā place
LOC6298Weqro Wǝqro place
LOC6565Sowit Sowit place
LOC6948qwalqwalko qʷulqʷālko place
LOC6022Transv Transvaal place
LOC6952Kwalisa Kʷalisā place
LOC6921Gadama Gadamā place
LOC6211Waqart Waqart place
LOC6956Cagal Č̣agāl place
LOC6996AmbasGama ʾAmbas Gāmā place
LOC6994Qisarya Qisāryā place
LOC6146Wagda Wagdā place
LOC6922Anguasebr ʾAngʷāsǝbr place
LOC6882Gommamit Gommamit place
LOC6977Wagalesa Wagalǝsā place
LOC6932Sengana Ṣǝnǧanā place
LOC7000Baranta Barantā place
LOC6929Sabal Šabal place
LOC6933Wafima Wafimā place
LOC6975Gonagunma Gʷanāgʷinǝmā place
LOC6973Wanzo Wanzo place
LOC6987Alama ʾAlāmā place
LOC6234WarqAm Warq ʾAmbā place
LOC6946Wedo Wǝddo place
LOC6930MangestaSamayat Mangǝsta Samāyāt place
LOC6881FeyalSaf Fǝyal Ṣāf place
LOC6914Enafese ʾƎnafǝse place
LOC6566Takwesa Takʷǝsā place
LOC6947Baherqaga Bāḥǝr Qagā place
LOC6924Kosm Košǝm place
LOC6441Zantar Zantarā place
LOC6569Tegray Tǝgrāy place
LOC6020Transk Transkei place
LOC6990Dankura Dankurā place
LOC6900Catam Č̣aṭām place
LOC6989Sankera Sānkǝrā place
LOC6919Edawre ʾEdāwre place
LOC6376Yebaba Yǝbabā place
LOC6998Wandasa Wandāsā place
LOC6894Anqareb ʾAnqārǝb place
LOC6953Zara Žārā place
LOC7378Ababir ʿAbābir place
LOC7379Enawga ʾƎnāwgā place
LOC7380Enarij ʾƎnārǝǧa place
LOC7381Egana ʾEganā place
LOC7382Daf Dāf place
LOC7383Qwebitsa Qʷǝbiṣā place
LOC7384Hanita Ḥanitā place
LOC7385Isala ʾIsālā place
LOC7386Abaraj አባራጅ፡ place
LOC7387Tsangwya ጸንጕያ place
LOC7388Maqwal ማቋል place
LOC7389Sakala ሳከላ place
LOC7390Asya ዓስያ place
LOC7391Abats አባጽ place
LOC7392Berbets ብርብጽ place
LOC7393Amyatsma አፙጽማ place
LOC7394Mebash ሜበሽ place
LOC7397Shanga ሻንጋ place
LOC7398Arash አራሽ place
LOC7399Dazma Yǝzǝmā place
LOC7401Dagusmaha Dāgusmāhā place
LOC7402WabarataMaryam Wabarata Māryām place
LOC7403MataqerDaramani Maṭāqǝr Daramanihā place
LOC7404GulgulmaMA Gulgulmā Madḫāne ʿAlam place
LOC7405Gunagulama place
LOC7406Kubezt Kubǝzt place
LOC7407Desht Dǝšt place
LOC7410Gaze Gaze place
LOC7412Hanbiqalo Ḥanbiqalo place
LOC7413Gabalet Gabālet place
LOC7414QanaMasya Qanʾa Masya place
LOC7415Tsawit Ṣāwit place
LOC7416Anba ʾAnbā place
LOC7417BehtaAnbasa Bǝḥta ʾAnbasā place
LOC7418MammoHela Māmmo Ḥǝlā place
LOC7419Tsamita Ṣāmǝtā place
LOC7420Saza Sāzā place
LOC7421DabraDama Dabra Dāmā place
LOC7422DabalesGabbar Dabālǝs Gabbār place
LOC7423QweraGadal Qʷǝrāʿ Gadal place
LOC7424ZaygaNesa Zaygā Nǝśā place
LOC7425BetaQweraTahtay Beta Qʷǝrāʿ Tāḥtāy place
LOC7426Dabaza Dabazā place
LOC7427Ansalba ʾAnsalbā place
LOC7428Yabasa Yabasā place
LOC7429Wambaya Wambaya place
LOC7430Yalaela Yalaʿelā place
LOC7431Talqa Ṭalqā place
LOC7432Sawsat Sawsat place
LOC7433Qwera Qʷǝrʿā place
LOC7437Tawtah Ṭawṭaḥa place
LOC7439Talta Ṭalṭā place
LOC7441Arato ʿĀrāto place
LOC7444GolgolDaro place
LOC7447GolgolDaro Golgol Dāʿro place