✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

You can run a simple search which will look in all text indexes. This is the simplest search that we can offer. Check the options below the input box if you want to change the default settings.

Note that you can click on and/or symbols under the search field for additional filters/facets and on to activate the virtual keyboard.

When the results appear you can use facets to narrow your selection. For that, first select the facet (Item type, Author of changes, Keywords, etc.) and then press "refine search results ". Here you can get a list of items given some parameters, like the entity type, without searching for a string. You can play with the filters to restrict the search and you can certainly combine these with a text search. If you know the identifier (ID) of an item (LIT1234name, MS123abc, PRS12345name, etc.) you can paste it here, and you will get it in the results. if you know only a part, eg. LIT20... it will give you all those which match. To reach a given item with its ID, you can also append that to the base URL of the website, https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT1234name and you will be redirected to the correct landing page. If you have at hand the Clavis Aethiopica number of a Textual Unit, e.g. CAe 1234, you can enter it here and the search will point you to that record. We record (unsystematically) corresponding identifiers from other Claves, like CAVT or CANT, here you can select which one you want to look for and search for records pointing to that. We record for each repository information on settlement, region and country. By searching for the identifier of a place the query will look at related places and check for other repositories which may be associated. If you know how to write your XPath, and know the source TEI (available for each file, by appending .xml to the identifier of the record) you will be able to run that query against the db here. Not all possible paths are optimized. Parallel to the XML, also an RDF triple store is maintained by the project. Here you get an interface to the SPARQL endpoint. You can add your SPARQL query and see the results available.
In the search mask above, you can search for text, below there are options and you can add filters ( ). You can then use facets to narrow your selection.
But text is not all you can search for. In the top menu you can switch to other types of queries and searches which rely on different indexes and data formats. You can check this box to use 'smart' ranking, where a higher score is assigned to hits in placeName, persName, title or to records with text or an occupation element. This will make you wait a bit more. If running a text search, you can select the type of text search. This determines how the single words which you enter are matched in the indexes here By default the search will use OR as an operator, which means that if you search two words you will get hits which contain one OR the other. You may wish to use AND to get the matches which contain your first word AND your second word. If you want them in that particular order, consider using phrase mode from the search type. Click on this plus button to see a series of additional options for your search. If you wish to search for a given word in the hands descriptions and another word in the decorations, here you can do that, using fields. This may help you enter characters which are not immediately present on your keyboard. Keep a letter pressed for additional forms. Use Shift and Alt for alternative keyboards. Instead of the pointer you can use your own keyboard with these values when active. Homophones are mechanically replaced for you, so that for example, if you search for one of 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ' we will search for all of them. If you deselect this checkbox the list of homophones will not be considered and only the exact string you searched will be passed on. Homophones are not replaced for search strings longer than 10 characters and is not applied in all modes. If you entered a search string for a Gǝʿǝz string, either typing it in Fidal or in a transliteration format, we can try to convert it and search also the other form. If you entered ወልደ the search engine will look also for walda. If you entered walda also for ወልደ. This depends on the availability of the alternate form.

You can enter above your SPARQL query to the RDF representation of the data stored in Apache Jena Fuseki. Please use single quotes ' not double.

PREFIXes are already there (see below), so you can start with SELECT. If you prefer to use your prefixes, do so, no problem. A super tutorial on how to build SPARQL queries is here at Apache Jena.

Results do not have facets and are presented as they are requested in the query from the SPARQL response.



PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX lawd: <http://lawd.info/ontology/>
PREFIX oa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#>
PREFIX ecrm: <http://erlangen-crm.org/current/>
PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#>
PREFIX agrelon: <http://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/agrelon.owl#>
PREFIX rel: <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
PREFIX bm: <https://betamasaheft.eu/>
PREFIX pelagios: <http://pelagios.github.io/vocab/terms#>
PREFIX syriaca: <http://syriaca.org/documentation/relations.html#>
PREFIX saws: <http://purl.org/saws/ontology#>
PREFIX snap: <http://data.snapdrgn.net/ontology/snap#>
PREFIX pleiades: <https://pleiades.stoa.org/>
PREFIX wd: <https://www.wikidata.org/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX t: <http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0>
PREFIX sdc: <https://w3id.org/sdc/ontology#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>

You can also use the API to query the SPARQL endpoint, using https://betamasaheft.eu/api/SPARQL with the query in a parameter q. The results are SPARQL Query Results XML Format, as the one visualized below.

In the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines you can find the OWLDoc Documentation and a visualization thanks to webVOWL of the current ontology developed with Protégé.

Some examples of the data you are querying

Documentation on Linked Open Data can be found here.

Examples:
Search for female donors: "SELECT ?ms ?person WHERE { ?annotation a bm:donor ; oa:hasBody ?person ; oa:hasTarget ?ms . ?ms a bm:mss . ?person foaf:gender 'female' . } "
Manuscripts with a patron of the imperial family: "SELECT DISTINCT ?manuscript ?patron ?relation ?ruler WHERE{ ?annotation a bm:patron ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript ; oa:hasBody ?patron . ?manuscript a bm:mss . ?patron snap:hasBond ?bondName . ?bondName rdf:type ?relation ; snap:bond-with ?ruler . ?ruler snap:occupation 'Emperor' . }"
Mountains mentioned in Liturgy manuscripts: "SELECT DISTINCT ?mountain ?manuscript WHERE { ?att oa:hasBody ?mountain ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript . ?manuscript a bm:mss ; a bm:Liturgy . ?mountain a bm:place ; pleiades:hasFeatureType in <https://betamasaheft.eu/authority-files/mountain> . } LIMIT 50"

The results presented here are visualized with d3sparql

Enter above your XPath 3.0 query to the data. (You can alternatively use the old XPath search page here) Please, use t: namespace for TEI elements. The starting point of any Xpath should be $config:collection-root if you are searching the entire dataset.

NB: if you are a member of the BM GitHub organization and work with Oxygen you may run your XPath Queries directly in your Oxygen project; in this case start the string directly with //TEI.

You can also use, as a cached and short form to point to collections the following variables: $config:collection-rootMS for manuscripts; $config:collection-rootW for Textual Units $config:collection-rootPl for places; $config:collection-rootPr for persons; $config:collection-rootIn for repositories; $config:collection-rootA for authority files.

Examples:
Persons marked up in colophons: $config:collection-rootMS//t:colophon[t:persName]
Manuscripts with at least 26 additions: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[@xml:id='a26']
Manuscripts with a text marked up as Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[descendant::t:textLang[@mainLang='am' or @otherLangs='am']]
Manuscripts with additions that contain something tagged Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[not(contains(@xml:id, 'IHA'))]//t:additions[descendant::t:*[@xml:lang='am']]
Records with the title with the subtype inscriptio: $config:collection-root//t:title[contains(@subtype,'inscriptio')]
Manuscripts that have at least 31 quires: $config:collection-rootMS//t:collation/t:list[count(t:item) ge 31]
Manuscripts where a roleName appears: $config:collection-rootMS//t:roleName
Additons of the type OwnershipNote: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']]
Place records revised in 2022: $config:collection-rootPl//t:revisionDesc/t:change[contains(concat(' ', @when, ' '), '2022')]
Work records that contain "Senodos" inside title: $config:collection-rootW//t:titleStmt/t:title[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Works that contain the string "Senodos" somewhere: $config:collection-rootW//*[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Person record which have at least some attribute for birth and death (can be when, notBefore, notAfter) elements and occupation type ruler: $config:collection-rootPr//t:person[t:birth[@*]][t:death[@*]][t:occupation[@type='ruler']]
Manuscripts with miniatures in them: $config:collection-rootMS//t:decoDesc[t:decoNote[@type='miniature']]
Manuscripts with an addition element typed Ownership Note followed by another one with type Supplication: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']][following-sibling::t:item[t:desc[@type='Supplication']]]

Here you can differentiate your search by looking at the text of constructed strings from specific portions of the data. You can search for records which have a word occurring in the decoration and another in the content description, for example.















Resource type
manuscript21
General
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
10
11
13
3
3
3
3
6
9
2022-06-092
2022-06-151
2022-06-174
2022-07-061
2022-07-121
2020-01-171
2020-02-111
2020-02-171
2020-03-241
2020-03-272
2020-03-311
2020-04-171
2020-04-182
2020-05-111
2020-05-121
2020-05-141
2020-07-091
2020-08-243
2020-09-162
2020-09-176
2020-09-181
2020-09-211
2020-10-261
2020-11-041
2020-11-121
2020-11-131
2020-11-191
2020-11-241
2020-11-263
2019-02-221
2019-03-051
2019-03-181
2019-03-191
2019-04-011
2019-04-081
2019-04-111
2019-04-253
2019-04-261
2019-05-131
2019-06-043
2019-08-191
2019-08-201
2019-08-231
2019-08-262
2019-10-081
2018-01-183
2018-07-091
2018-07-201
2018-08-271
2018-11-061
2016-05-108
2016-09-231
2016-10-241
2016-10-251
2016-11-301
2015-02-181
2015-02-261
2015-06-051
2015-07-152
2014-03-311
2014-08-071
2014-11-281
2014-12-031
2013-05-151
2013-10-111
2012-08-081
2012-11-151
2011-05-211
2011-09-191
2011-09-201
2011-09-221
2011-11-031
2010-05-051
2010-05-171
2010-11-182
2010-12-151
1
1
1
1
1
11
16
2
2
3
3
4
5
18
2
20
Manuscripts
Holy Man Portrait2
Moses Receiving Law1
Virgin and Child3
leather15
parchment3
silk1
textile8
wood19
Additional1
Alwan1
EMIP3
Ethio-SPaRe8
Fonds éthiopien1
Manuscrits orientaux1
Oriental8
216
34
complete18
incomplete6
deficient4
good12
12 Miracles of St Michael1
Acts and miracles of George (7th of Ḫǝdār)1
ʾAkkʷateta qʷǝrbān za-ʾǝgziʾǝna ʾIyasus Krǝstos1
ʾAkkʷateta qʷǝrbān za-qǝddus Hǝryāqos za-hagara Bǝhnǝsā1
An Account of Fallen Angels1
Baʾǝnta qǝddǝsāt1
Commemoration of Eleazar, the son of Aaron (3rd of Ḫǝdār)1
Cosmas and Damianus (22 of Ḫǝdār)1
Discourse of Severus of Ašmunayn on the 24 elders (24th of Ḫǝdār)1
Discourse of Theophilus of Alexandria, on the blessed Virgin Mary (6h of Ḫǝdār)1
Discourse on S. Luke, ch. 9, 23-251
Discourse on S. Matthew, ch. 10, 37-391
ʾƎgziʾabǝḥer za-bǝrhānāt ʾǝgziʾabǝḥer za-śǝlṭānāt1
Eighth miracle1
Eight Miracles of Gäbrä Mänfäs Qǝddus1
Eleventh miracle1
Fifth miracle1
First miracle1
Fourth miracle1
Gadla Giyorgis (Lydda)1
Gadla Marqoryos1
Hagiographic Dossier of St George of Lydda9
Homily (by an anonymous author) on the birth of St George1
Homily of John Chrysostom on the four beasts (8th of Ḫǝdār)1
Homily on the Archangel Michael (for Naḥase)1
Hymns to Virgin Mary1
Hymn to Raguel the Archangel1
Jacob the Persian, who was cut in pieces (27th of Ḫǝdār)1
Malkǝʾ-hymn to St George1
Malkǝʾa fǝlsatā1
Malkǝʾa Giyorgis1
Malkǝʾa Śǝllāse1
Manifestation of the prophet Habakkuk at Qarṭasā (3rd of Ḫǝdār)1
Martyrdom of Eustathius, his wife and two children, under Marcianus (23rd of Maskaram)1
Martyrdom of Eustathius1
Martyrdom of Mercurius (25th of Ḫǝdār)1
Martyrdom of Minas (15th of Ḫǝdār)1
Miracle of St. George1
Miracles of Gabra Manfas Qǝddus, three in number1
Nagar baʾǝnta śalastu mǝʾǝt ʿaśśartu wa-samantu za-ʾabā Sāwiros ʾama 9 la-Ḫǝdār, Introduction1
Nagar baʾǝnta śalastu mǝʾǝt ʿaśśartu wa-samantu za-ʾabā Sāwiros ʾama 9 la-Ḫǝdār, ሀይማኖተ፡ አበው፡ ሐዋርያት፡ እንተ፡ ዜነዉ፡ ባቲ፡ ውስተ፡ ዓለም፡ ምስለ፡ ትንቢተ፡ ነቢያት።1
Nagar baʾǝnta śalastu mǝʾǝt ʿaśśartu wa-samantu za-ʾabā Sāwiros ʾama 9 la-Ḫǝdār, ትምህርተ፡ አበው፡ ቀደምት፡ ሥዩማን፡ እምቅድመ፡ ይትፈለጥ፡ ሀይማኖት፡ ወሕዳጥ፡ ዘኮነ፡ በቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን፡ ቅድስት፡ አመ፡ ተጋአዙ፡ ወተፈልጡ፡ በበ፡ ብሔሩ።1
Nagar baʾǝnta śalastu mǝʾǝt ʿaśśartu wa-samantu za-ʾabā Sāwiros ʾama 9 la-Ḫǝdār, ነገረ፡ ማኅበር፡ ወዘከመ፡ ኮነ፡ ምክንያተ፡ ባቲ፡ ወእምኀበ፡ ቦአ፡ ሙስና፡ ውስተ፡ ቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን፡ ወተፈልጠ፡ ሀይማኖት።1
Nagar baʾǝnta śalastu mǝʾǝt ʿaśśartu wa-samantu za-ʾabā Sāwiros ʾama 9 la-Ḫǝdār, ፍካሬ፡ ዕቁም፡ ዘእምብሉይ፡ አስከ፡ አመ፡ አስተርአየ፡ እግዚእነ፡ ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ወተሠገወ፡ እምድንግል፡ ቅድስት፡ ማርያም።1
Nine Miracles of Saint George1
Ninth miracle1
ʾO-rǝḫrǝḫta ḫǝllinā1
On the Archangel Michael (12th of Ḫǝdār), by the patriarch of Antioch (Severus)1
Prayer of Moses which Saved Him from Pharoah, ጸሎተ፡ ሙሴ፡1
Prayer of Our Lady in the Country of Bartos1
Prayers to God for the blessing on the bread and wine1
Protective prayers of the Twelve Apostles1
S. Philip1
Ṣalota kidān1
Ṣalot baʾǝnta maftǝḥe śǝrāy1
Sayfa malakot1
Second miracle1
Seventh miracle1
Six Miracles of Jesus1
Sixth miracle1
Taʾammǝra Gabra Manfas Qǝddus1
Taʾāmmǝra Giyorgis "Miracles of George": 14 miracles1
Taʾammǝra Giyorgis6
Taʾammǝra ʾIyasus4
Taʾāmmǝra Māryām "Miracles of Mary"1
Taʾammǝra Māryām3
Tǝmhǝrta ḫǝbuʾāt1
Tenth miracle1
The Acts of George1
The collection of hymns, “Does not a man?” አካኑ፡ ብእሲ፡1
The invention of the Holy Cross by the empress Helena (8th of Ḫǝdār)1
The invention of the Holy Cross by the empress Helena1
The miracles of our Lord Jesus Christ, 42 in number1
Third miracle1
Treatise of Severus (of Ašmunayn) on the Council of the 318 Fathers (at Nicaea)1
Twelfth miracle1
Twelve Miracles of Täklä Haymanot1
በስመ፡ ነገር፡ ዘአባ፡ ድማቴዎስ፡ ቅዱስ። በበዓለ፡ ሊቀ፡ መላእክት፡ ሚካኤል። ዘደረሰ፡ አባ፡ ድማቴስ፡ ሊቀ፡ ጳጳሳት፡ ዘእልእስክንድርያ። አመ፡ ፲ወ፪፡ ዕለቱ፡ ለኀዳር።1
በስመ፡ ንቀድም፡ በረድኤተ፡ እግዚእነ፡ ንጽሐፍ፡ ገድሎ፡ ለኤልያስ፡ ነቢይ፡ ስእለቱ፡ ትብጽሐነ፡ አሜን።1
ንቅድም፡ ንጽሐፍ፡ ኀይለ፡ ወተአምረ፡ ዘገብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ለሰማዕቱ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ጊዮርጊስ።1
ድርሳን፡ ወመንክር፡ ዘሚካኤል፡ ሊቀ፡ መላእክት፡ ዘደረሰ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ ጳጳስ፡ ዘአክሱም፡ 1
ጸሎተ፡ በረድ፡1
Ṭabiba ṭabibān1
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Alwan Collection1
Bāḥǝrā Qǝddǝst Māryām1
Bibliothèque nationale de France1
British Library9
Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project3
Maʿago ʾAmānuʾel1
Māryām Māy ʾAbʾa1
Māy ʾAnbasā Dabra Gannat Kidāna Mǝḥrat1
Qarsabar Qǝddus Mikāʾel1
ʿĀddaqāḥarsi Ṗarāqliṭos1
ʿĀddi Qolqʷāl Giyorgis2
1A-1A-1A1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C2
1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C5
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C. 1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C. 2
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C.3
ʾƎsṭifānos1
Yoḥannǝs Masfǝntāwi1
Zarʾa Yāʿqob1
Zawalda Māryām1
Zawalda Māryām1
ዘጰራቅሊጦስ፡1
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    stubmanuscriptsESmma011TEI
    Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Maʿago ʾAmānuʾel, MMA-011
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    MMA-011
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    This parchment codex is composed of 110.0 leaves. It has 4 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: First half of the 19th cent.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsEMIP00122TEI
    Belmont, MA, , Alwan Codex 8
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    Alwan Codex 8, EMIP 122
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    This parchment codex is composed of i + 85 leaves. It has 39 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: nineteenth century (for both sections of the codex). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    ʾƎndartā, Māy ʾAnbasā Dabra Gannat Kidāna Mǝḥrat, MAKM-060
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    MAKM-060, C4-IV-1
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    This parchment codex is composed of 123.0 leaves. It has 5 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: The date 1926 A.M. (=1933/34 A.D.) is indicated in the colophon.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Gāntā ʾAfašum, Bāḥǝrā Qǝddǝst Māryām, BHM-002
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    BHM-002
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    This parchment codex is composed of 92.0 leaves. It has 43 main content units in 2 codicological units. Available dates of origin in the description: 1700-1800. There are The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    Gāntā ʾAfašum, Māryām Māy ʾAbʾa, BQM-012
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    BQM-012
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    This parchment codex is composed of 76.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Second half of the 17th - first half of the 18th century (?). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Gulo Maḵadā, Qarsabar Qǝddus Mikāʾel, QSM-009
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    QSM-009
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    This parchment codex is composed of 77.0 leaves. It has 3 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsESap048TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, ʿĀddaqāḥarsi Ṗarāqliṭos, AP-048
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    AP-048, C3-IV-41
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    This parchment codex is composed of 71.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Late 19th - early 20th century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Gulo Maḵadā, ʿĀddi Qolqʷāl Giyorgis, AQG-011
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    AQG-011
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    This parchment codex is composed of 101.0 leaves. It has 8 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Gulo Maḵadā, ʿĀddi Qolqʷāl Giyorgis, AQG-014
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    AQG-014
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 194.0 leaves. It has 6 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Sǝbḥāt ʾAragāwi received the title of rās from Mangašā Yoḥannǝs in 1892.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLadd16245TEI
    London, British Library, BL Additional 16245
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    BL Additional 16245, Dillmann cat. LXXVIII, Dillmann 78
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    This parchment codex is composed of 96 leaves. It has 7 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Not dated by the cataloguer.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLorient633TEI
    London, British Library, BL Oriental 633
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    BL Oriental 633, Wright cat. LXIV, Wright 64
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    This parchment codex is composed of 142+1 leaves. It has 3 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1682-1721 (reign). There are The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLorient649TEI
    London, British Library, BL Oriental 649
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    BL Oriental 649, Wright cat. XCVIII, Wright 98
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    This parchment codex is composed of 1+119 leaves. It has 5 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1700-1750 (dating on palaeographic grounds) according to . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLorient691TEI
    London, British Library, BL Oriental 691
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    BL Oriental 691, Wright cat. CCLV, Wright 255
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    This parchment codex is composed of 243 leaves. It has 36 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 15 October 1292. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLorient712TEI
    London, British Library, BL Oriental 712
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    BL Oriental 712, Wright cat. CCLXXXVIII, Wright 288
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 189 leaves. It has 6 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLorient713TEI
    London, British Library, BL Oriental 713
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    BL Oriental 713, Wright cat. CCXC, Wright 290
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    This parchment codex is composed of 1+195+1 leaves. It has 5 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLorient714TEI
    London, British Library, BL Oriental 714
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    BL Oriental 714, Wright cat. CCXCII, Wright 292
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    This parchment codex is composed of 128+1 leaves. It has 4 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLorient715TEI
    London, British Library, BL Oriental 715
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    BL Oriental 715, Wright cat. CCXCI, Wright 291
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    This parchment codex is composed of 134+1 leaves. It has 3 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBLorient716TEI
    London, British Library, BL Oriental 716
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    BL Oriental 716 , Wright cat. CCLXXXIX, Wright 289
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    This parchment codex is composed of 173 169 4 leaves. It has 12 main content units in 2 codicological units. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsBNFet133TEI
    Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, BnF Éthiopien 133
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    BnF Éthiopien 133, Éth. 55, Saint-Germain 347
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 29 128 leaves. It has 8 main content units in 2 codicological units. Available dates of origin in the description: 1500-1599 (dating on palaeographic grounds) 1500-1599 (dating on palaeographic grounds). There are The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsEMIP00347TEI
    Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Delamarter Istanbul Codex Reproduction
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    Delamarter Istanbul Codex Reproduction
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 148 leaves. It has 94 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Late-eighteenth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsEMIP00370TEI
    Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Rudulph Codex 3
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    Rudulph Codex 3
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 108 leaves. It has 13 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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