✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

You can run a simple search which will look in all text indexes. This is the simplest search that we can offer. Check the options below the input box if you want to change the default settings.

Note that you can click on and/or symbols under the search field for additional filters/facets and on to activate the virtual keyboard.

When the results appear you can use facets to narrow your selection. For that, first select the facet (Item type, Author of changes, Keywords, etc.) and then press "refine search results ". Here you can get a list of items given some parameters, like the entity type, without searching for a string. You can play with the filters to restrict the search and you can certainly combine these with a text search. If you know the identifier (ID) of an item (LIT1234name, MS123abc, PRS12345name, etc.) you can paste it here, and you will get it in the results. if you know only a part, eg. LIT20... it will give you all those which match. To reach a given item with its ID, you can also append that to the base URL of the website, https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT1234name and you will be redirected to the correct landing page. If you have at hand the Clavis Aethiopica number of a Textual Unit, e.g. CAe 1234, you can enter it here and the search will point you to that record. We record (unsystematically) corresponding identifiers from other Claves, like CAVT or CANT, here you can select which one you want to look for and search for records pointing to that. We record for each repository information on settlement, region and country. By searching for the identifier of a place the query will look at related places and check for other repositories which may be associated. If you know how to write your XPath, and know the source TEI (available for each file, by appending .xml to the identifier of the record) you will be able to run that query against the db here. Not all possible paths are optimized. Parallel to the XML, also an RDF triple store is maintained by the project. Here you get an interface to the SPARQL endpoint. You can add your SPARQL query and see the results available.
In the search mask above, you can search for text, below there are options and you can add filters ( ). You can then use facets to narrow your selection.
But text is not all you can search for. In the top menu you can switch to other types of queries and searches which rely on different indexes and data formats. You can check this box to use 'smart' ranking, where a higher score is assigned to hits in placeName, persName, title or to records with text or an occupation element. This will make you wait a bit more. If running a text search, you can select the type of text search. This determines how the single words which you enter are matched in the indexes here By default the search will use OR as an operator, which means that if you search two words you will get hits which contain one OR the other. You may wish to use AND to get the matches which contain your first word AND your second word. If you want them in that particular order, consider using phrase mode from the search type. Click on this plus button to see a series of additional options for your search. If you wish to search for a given word in the hands descriptions and another word in the decorations, here you can do that, using fields. This may help you enter characters which are not immediately present on your keyboard. Keep a letter pressed for additional forms. Use Shift and Alt for alternative keyboards. Instead of the pointer you can use your own keyboard with these values when active. Homophones are mechanically replaced for you, so that for example, if you search for one of 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ' we will search for all of them. If you deselect this checkbox the list of homophones will not be considered and only the exact string you searched will be passed on. Homophones are not replaced for search strings longer than 10 characters and is not applied in all modes. If you entered a search string for a Gǝʿǝz string, either typing it in Fidal or in a transliteration format, we can try to convert it and search also the other form. If you entered ወልደ the search engine will look also for walda. If you entered walda also for ወልደ. This depends on the availability of the alternate form.

You can enter above your SPARQL query to the RDF representation of the data stored in Apache Jena Fuseki. Please use single quotes ' not double.

PREFIXes are already there (see below), so you can start with SELECT. If you prefer to use your prefixes, do so, no problem. A super tutorial on how to build SPARQL queries is here at Apache Jena.

Results do not have facets and are presented as they are requested in the query from the SPARQL response.



PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX lawd: <http://lawd.info/ontology/>
PREFIX oa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#>
PREFIX ecrm: <http://erlangen-crm.org/current/>
PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#>
PREFIX agrelon: <http://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/agrelon.owl#>
PREFIX rel: <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
PREFIX bm: <https://betamasaheft.eu/>
PREFIX pelagios: <http://pelagios.github.io/vocab/terms#>
PREFIX syriaca: <http://syriaca.org/documentation/relations.html#>
PREFIX saws: <http://purl.org/saws/ontology#>
PREFIX snap: <http://data.snapdrgn.net/ontology/snap#>
PREFIX pleiades: <https://pleiades.stoa.org/>
PREFIX wd: <https://www.wikidata.org/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX t: <http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0>
PREFIX sdc: <https://w3id.org/sdc/ontology#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>

You can also use the API to query the SPARQL endpoint, using https://betamasaheft.eu/api/SPARQL with the query in a parameter q. The results are SPARQL Query Results XML Format, as the one visualized below.

In the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines you can find the OWLDoc Documentation and a visualization thanks to webVOWL of the current ontology developed with Protégé.

Some examples of the data you are querying

Documentation on Linked Open Data can be found here.

Examples:
Search for female donors: "SELECT ?ms ?person WHERE { ?annotation a bm:donor ; oa:hasBody ?person ; oa:hasTarget ?ms . ?ms a bm:mss . ?person foaf:gender 'female' . } "
Manuscripts with a patron of the imperial family: "SELECT DISTINCT ?manuscript ?patron ?relation ?ruler WHERE{ ?annotation a bm:patron ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript ; oa:hasBody ?patron . ?manuscript a bm:mss . ?patron snap:hasBond ?bondName . ?bondName rdf:type ?relation ; snap:bond-with ?ruler . ?ruler snap:occupation 'Emperor' . }"
Mountains mentioned in Liturgy manuscripts: "SELECT DISTINCT ?mountain ?manuscript WHERE { ?att oa:hasBody ?mountain ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript . ?manuscript a bm:mss ; a bm:Liturgy . ?mountain a bm:place ; pleiades:hasFeatureType in <https://betamasaheft.eu/authority-files/mountain> . } LIMIT 50"

The results presented here are visualized with d3sparql

Enter above your XPath 3.0 query to the data. (You can alternatively use the old XPath search page here) Please, use t: namespace for TEI elements. The starting point of any Xpath should be $config:collection-root if you are searching the entire dataset.

NB: if you are a member of the BM GitHub organization and work with Oxygen you may run your XPath Queries directly in your Oxygen project; in this case start the string directly with //TEI.

You can also use, as a cached and short form to point to collections the following variables: $config:collection-rootMS for manuscripts; $config:collection-rootW for Textual Units $config:collection-rootPl for places; $config:collection-rootPr for persons; $config:collection-rootIn for repositories; $config:collection-rootA for authority files.

Examples:
Persons marked up in colophons: $config:collection-rootMS//t:colophon[t:persName]
Manuscripts with at least 26 additions: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[@xml:id='a26']
Manuscripts with a text marked up as Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[descendant::t:textLang[@mainLang='am' or @otherLangs='am']]
Manuscripts with additions that contain something tagged Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[not(contains(@xml:id, 'IHA'))]//t:additions[descendant::t:*[@xml:lang='am']]
Records with the title with the subtype inscriptio: $config:collection-root//t:title[contains(@subtype,'inscriptio')]
Manuscripts that have at least 31 quires: $config:collection-rootMS//t:collation/t:list[count(t:item) ge 31]
Manuscripts where a roleName appears: $config:collection-rootMS//t:roleName
Additons of the type OwnershipNote: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']]
Place records revised in 2022: $config:collection-rootPl//t:revisionDesc/t:change[contains(concat(' ', @when, ' '), '2022')]
Work records that contain "Senodos" inside title: $config:collection-rootW//t:titleStmt/t:title[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Works that contain the string "Senodos" somewhere: $config:collection-rootW//*[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Person record which have at least some attribute for birth and death (can be when, notBefore, notAfter) elements and occupation type ruler: $config:collection-rootPr//t:person[t:birth[@*]][t:death[@*]][t:occupation[@type='ruler']]
Manuscripts with miniatures in them: $config:collection-rootMS//t:decoDesc[t:decoNote[@type='miniature']]
Manuscripts with an addition element typed Ownership Note followed by another one with type Supplication: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']][following-sibling::t:item[t:desc[@type='Supplication']]]

Here you can differentiate your search by looking at the text of constructed strings from specific portions of the data. You can search for records which have a word occurring in the decoration and another in the content description, for example.















Resource type
manuscript12
textual unit5
General
Alessandro Bausi3
Carsten Hoffmann3
Daria Elagina1
Denis Nosnitsin1
Dorothea Reule6
Eugenia Sokolinski2
Massimo Villa1
Nafisa Valieva2
Pietro Maria Liuzzo11
Solomon Gebreyes3
Stéphane Ancel1
2024-10-281
2024-12-101
2023-01-101
2023-01-111
2023-01-121
2023-01-241
2023-01-251
2023-01-261
2023-01-311
2023-02-011
2023-02-021
2023-02-071
2023-03-161
2023-03-211
2023-03-221
2023-05-121
2022-03-051
2022-03-221
2022-06-211
2022-07-071
2021-01-121
2021-09-203
2021-09-211
2021-10-091
2021-12-281
2020-07-221
2020-08-111
2020-11-261
2019-02-213
2019-02-271
2019-04-111
2019-04-261
2019-05-101
2018-03-163
2018-11-301
2017-03-271
2017-05-131
2017-05-161
2017-05-181
2017-07-261
2017-08-291
2017-08-301
2017-09-081
2017-09-131
2017-11-301
2017-12-111
2016-02-091
2016-03-211
2016-05-031
2016-05-101
2016-07-264
2016-09-191
2016-09-201
2016-11-221
2015-05-161
2013-05-011
2010-05-021
Gondarine2
Postaksumite I1
Postaksumite II2
Apocrypha1
Bible1
Canon Law1
Christian Literature12
Chronicles1
Hagiography5
History and Historiography3
Homily1
Liturgy4
Miracle2
Monastic Literature4
New Testament2
Poetry2
Religion2
Theology5
Translation3
Amharic3
Arabic1
Coptic1
English15
Gǝʿǝz 16
Italian 2
Latin 3
Manuscripts
leather3
paper1
parchment1
silk1
wood6
, 1
Acquisizioni e doni2
Ethio-SPaRe1
Fonds éthiopien1
Indian Office Collection1
Manuscrits orientaux1
Oriental2
Orientali2
11
21
24
34
complete9
incomplete6
deficient1
good4
intact2
1
A collection of homilies (Dǝrsānāt)1
ʾAkkʷateta qʷǝrbān za-ḥawāryāt1
An elegy on Mary taken from ʾƎsaggǝd laki ʾǝsaggǝd laki1
ʾAnqaṣa bǝrhān1
antiphons1
Bārtos1
How a prayer to Lālibalā saved a man1
How a prayer to Lālibalā saved a rich woman1
How Lālibalā became like a poor person1
How the river swallowed Lālibalā's honey and then spit it out1
Lālibalā accomplished the Word of Gospel1
Lālibalā and a rebel1
Lālibalā entered Heavenly Jerusalem1
Life of Lālibalā1
Luke 6:35-7:7, a portion of the Gospel of Luke on a “rejected leaf” originating from an ancient manuscript1
Malkǝʾa gubāʾe1
Maṣḥafa ḥāwi2
Miracles of ʾEwosṭātewos, 15 stories.1
Miracles of Jesus, 3 stories.1
Miracles of Mary1
Miracles of Mary with 130 stories.1
Nǝgǝranni sǝmaka1
Nicene Creed1
Pauline Epistles1
Praise for Lālibalā1
Prayer of exorcism1
Prayer of Our Lady Mary to Jesus Christ at the sepulchre1
Prayer to Our Lady Mary1
Protective prayer containing divine names1
Salām lakkǝmu ṣādǝqān wa-samāʿt...1
Ṣalot za-ʾǝgzǝʾǝtǝna Māryām ba-Dabra Golgotā1
Ṣalot za-qǝddus Qoṗrǝyānos1
Sǝnkǝssār (Group A)1
Sǝnkǝssār (Second revision, Dabra Libānos recension)1
Soteriology1
Story about virtuous Deeds of Lālibalā1
Teaching about the Saints1
Theological texts in Amharic1
Za-ʾaqrabku māḫleta1
መጽሐፈ፡ ሐዊ።1
‘The 'Gadla Lālibalā' collection of texts: type A'1
‘The 'Gadla Lālibalā' collection of texts: type A'1
13001
14121
15991
16001
17001
17551
18001
18421
11001
13821
15001
15011
16001
16821
17011
18381
1001
ʿaqqābe saʿāt Tasabka Madḫǝn1
Beta Krǝstos1
Tasabka Madḫǝn1
ተሰብከ፡ መድኅን፡1
Codex12
10.51
1201
17.8751
2531
3001
3051
3401
4551
471
4901
no12
yes5
paper2
parchment10
010
24
51
61
81
014
22
31
08
11
111
151
23
52
71
06
16
201
21
32
41
011
181
211
291
301
321
381
017
05
182
191
21
252
321
371
5891
591
651
661
11
1311
1471
149 (148+147α)1
2061
2081
238+11
245+21
2641
2931
6+214+41
no16
yes1
Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana4
Bibliothèque nationale de France1
British Library3
Dabra Māʿṣo Qǝddus Yoḥannǝs1
Hill Museum and Manuscript Library2
Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg1
1A-1A-1A1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C1
1A-1A-1A1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/J1
1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C1
A1-A1-A1A1/0-0/0-0/C1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C 1
Bǝḍʿā Giyorgis1
አርሳንዮስ፡1
Ethiopic11
only metadata2
some text present15
band2
bindingMaterial10
Boards3
Cover1
drawing1
EndLeaves1
frame1
ornamentation2
SewingStations3
alexander2
diocletian2
ethiopian2
islamic1
world2
Comment1
DonationNote2
GuestText3
Inventory1
LandGrant1
MixedNote1
OwnershipNote3
Record3
Unclear3
findingAid1
MixedNote1
OwnershipNote2
ScribalSupplication1
StampExlibris4
Unclear2
15.51
1651
2201
2651
2701
3171
381
4321
851
9.881
111
182
212
252
291
29 301
301
352
401
42 431
451
Textual and Narrative Units
only metadata2
some text present15
Places and Repositories
Persons and Groups
14991
15991
16001
16501
17002
15001
15011
16002
16011
15491
15821
16461
17281
ethnic3
n/a17
individual17

There are 17 entities matching your text query for "እምግብረ" with the parameters shown at the right. (searched: እምግብረ)

Search time: 0.595 seconds.
mode: nonesearchType: text
    title
    hits count
    first three keywords in context
    item-type specific options
    stubworksLIT2679ACAbt2TEI
    Apostolic canons Abṭelisāt (80)
    CAe 2679Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
    2 in t:ab

    ...ቆናት፡ እለ፡ ትኩላን፡ ለመልእክተ፡ ቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን፡ ግብረ፡ እምግብረ፡ ዓለም። ወለእመ፡ ገብረ፡ ከመዝ፡ ይትመተር፡ ካዕበ፡ ወይ...

    in element t:ab within a t:div, at 6

    ...ራ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ወያህጕል፡ መዓርጊሁ፡ ወይሠየም፡ ወኢበምንትኒ፡ እምግብረ፡ መኰንን፡ አላ፡ በአቱ፡ ውስተ፡ ግብረ፡ ቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን...

    in element t:ab within a t:div, at 76
    comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

    List of computed witnesses

      stubworksLIT2677ACABt1TEI
      Apostolic canons Abṭelisāt (81)
      CAe 2677Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
      1 in t:ab

      ...ቶስ፡ ወያርኵስ፡ ሢመቶ፡ መንፈሳዊተ። ወኢይሠየም፡ ወኢምንተኒ፡ እምግብረ፡ መኳንንት፡ አላ፡ በአቱ፡ ውስተ፡ ቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን፡ ወሢ...

      in element t:ab within a t:div, at 77
      comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

      List of computed witnesses

        stubworksLIT2671CanonsSimon2TEI
        Canons of S. Simon the Canaanite 2nd recension
        CAe 2671Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
        3 in t:ab

        ...ዕ፡ ባቲ፡ ወየዐቅብ፡ ሰንበተ፡ ወኢይስዕር፡ ወየዐቅብ፡ እዴሁ፡ እምግብረ፡ ሰብእ። ወእመሰ፡ ሜጥከ፡ እግረከ፡ እምሰንበት፡ ወኢትገብ...

        in element t:ab within a t:div, at 13

        ...ከመ፡ ኢይግበሩ፡ ባቲ፡ ወረሰያ፡ ተፍጻሜተ፡ ዕለታት፡ ወከማሁ፡ እምግብረ፡ ዓለም

        in element t:ab within a t:div, at 13

        ...ደሉ፡ ለመጋቤ፡ ምኵራብ፡ በመልእክቱ፡ ወቀዊም፡ ቦቱ። ወዘኮነ፡ እምግብረ፡ ሊቃነ፡ ካህናት፡ ኢይቀርብዎ፡ ካህናት፡ ወኢአዘዞሙ፡ በው...

        in element t:ab within a t:div, at 49
        comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

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          stubworksLIT3122GalawTEI
          Chronicle of Galāwdewos
          CAe 3122Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
          4 in t:lem
          t:ab
          Author attributions
          Witnesses
            Abstract

            ... ዝክር፡ ትሩፍ፡ ዘውዱስ፡ ግብሩ፡ እምግብረ፡ አበዊሁ፡ ወሠናይ፡ ሥርዓቱ፡ ወንጹሕ፡ ሕጉ፡ ወእሙን፡ ስ...

            in element t:lem within a t:div, at 2

            ... ጻሕቀ፡13 በዲበ፡14 ጻሕቁ።15 ወአዘክሮ፡16 እምግብረ፡17 ነገሥት፡18 ቀደምት፡ aዘከመ፡19 ነገሥተ፡20 ይሁዳ...

            in element t:ab within a t:div, at 99

            ወግብረ፡1 ዝንቱ፡ ይኄይስ፡2 እምግብረ፡ ካልኡ፡ በከመ፡ ግብረ፡ ፩ኮከብ፡ ይኄይስ፡ እምግብረ፡ ካልኡ፡ ...

            in element t:ab within a t:div, at 181
            comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

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            stubmanuscriptsEMML6451TEI
            Collegeville, Hill Museum and Manuscript Library, EMML6451
            1 in t:ab
            Signatures
            EMML6451
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of leaves. It has 18 main content units in 1 codicological unit. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.

            ...ሜጥከ፡ ሕሊናከ፡ ውስተ፡ ሕሊና፡ ሰማያውያን፤ ወኮንከ፡ ልዑለ፡ እምግብረ፡ አብያጺከ፡ ደቂቀ፡...

            in element t:ab within a t:div, at 58
            placespersonsrelations

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            No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

            stubmanuscriptsEMML6458TEI
            Collegeville, Hill Museum and Manuscript Library, MS EMML no. 6458
            Link to images
            1 in ab
            Signatures
            MS EMML no. 6458
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of 208 leaves. It has 403 main content units in 1 codicological unit. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.

            ... አሐቲ፡ እምኔሆን፡ ትገብር፡ ሞኃተ፡ ወኮና፡ ይሴስያ፡ እምግብረ፡ እደዊሆን፨ ወሶበ፡...

            in element ab within a div, at 1.day.Arsima
            placespersonsrelations

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            stubmanuscriptsBMLacq680TEI
            Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, BML Acq. e doni 680
            3 in ab
            Signatures
            BML Acq. e doni 680, Marrassini ms. 15
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of 293 leaves. It has 16 main content units in 1 codicological unit. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.

            ... ዝ፡ ነገራ፡ ኵሎ፡ ዘበጽሐ፡ ላዕሌሁ፡ እምግብረ፡ ሥስልወሶቤሃ፡ አብእቶ፡ ውስተ፡ ቤታ። ወፈት...

            in element ab within a div, at 38

            ...ሳት፡ ወጸቤሐ፡ እብሕ፡ ወሐቢዘ፡ ግብስት፡ ወኢተርፎ፡ ምገትኒ፡ እምግብረ፡ አኃው። ወሶበ፡ ይፌጽም፡ ግብረ፡ ቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን...

            in element ab within a div, at 73

            ...፡ ወትረ፡ አተረ፡ ይቡስ። ወያመጽእ፡ ኀቤሁ። ወዘተርፈ፡ እምግብረ፡ እደዊሁ፡ ይሁብ፡ ለነዳያን። ወለምስኪናን። ወኮየ፡...

            in element ab within a div, at 104
            placespersonsrelations

            List of related persons

            stubmanuscriptsBMLacq681TEI
            Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, BML Acq. e doni 681
            2 in ab
            Signatures
            BML Acq. e doni 681, Marrassini ms. 4
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of 131 leaves. It has 22 main content units in 3 codicological units. Available dates of origin in the description: 18th century (dating on palaeographic grounds). There are The description includes a collation of the quires.

            ...፡ ንዑ፡ ተርአዩ፡ ዘንተ፡ ትእምርተ። ወነገሮሙ፡ ኵሎ፡ ዘኮነ፡ እምግብረ፡ ህልቀት። ወይቤልዎ፡ ልብዋን፡ ሰብእ፡ አእምር፡ ከመ፡ እ...

            in element ab within a div, at 68

            ...ከመ፡ መሐሩነ፡ ሕዝበ፡ ጽኤል፡ ዲበ፡ ባሕር፡ ወፂኦሙ፡ እምግብረ፡ ግንፋል፡ እንዘ፡ ይከይዱ፡ ምስለ፡ እንክሳሆሙ፡ ወምስለ፡...

            in element ab within a div, at 123
            placespersonsrelations

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            stubmanuscriptsBMLor403TEI
            Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, BML Or. 403
            4 in ab
            Signatures
            BML Or. 403, Marrassini ms. 11, BML-011
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of 6+214+4 leaves. It has 36 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1400-1500 (dating on palaeographic grounds). There are The description includes a collation of the quires.

            ...ውስተዝ፡ ወትፈጽሙ፡ ሊተ፡ ኵሉ፡ ዘኀሠሥኩ፡ እምኔክሙ፡ እምግብረ፡ ሠናይ፡ ወአልብክሙ፡

            in element ab within a div, at 37

            ...ውስተዝ፡ ወትፈጽሙ፡ ሊተ፡ ኵሉ፡ ዘኀሠሥኩ፡ እምኔክሙ፡ እምግብረ፡ ሠናይ፡ ወአልብክሙ፡ ...

            in element ab within a div, at 38

            ...ምንት፡ ትበውእ፡ ውስተ፡ ውሉደ፡ ሰብእ፡ ፃኡ፡ በስሙ፡ እምግብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ በስሙ፡

            in element ab within a div, at 168
            placespersonsrelations

            List of related persons

            No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

            stubmanuscriptsBMLor70TEI
            Florence, Biblioteca Medicea Laurenziana, BML Or. 70
            3 in ab
            Signatures
            BML Or. 70, Marrassini ms. 2, BML 2
            Short Description
            This paper codex is composed of 206 leaves. It has 21 main content units in 2 codicological units. Available dates of origin in the description: XVI c.. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.

            ...ግመ፡ መስረተ፡ ካልአ፡ ኢትኅሥሡ፡ በዘ፡ ትእስሑ፡ እምግብረ፡ ምውት፡ ውስተ፡ ሀይማኖት፡ ዘእግዚአብሔር፡ ወጠምቀት፡ ወ...

            in element ab within a div, at 162

            ...ሔር፡ እንዘ፡ አልቦ፡ ነውረ፡ ያንጽሐክሙ፡ እምግብረ፡ ኀጢአት፡ ከመ፡ ያመልክወ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ሕያው። ...

            in element ab within a div, at 169

            ...ት፡ መእመን፡ እንዘ፡ ነጽሕ፡ ልብነ፡ ወንዙኀነ፡ ንሕነ፡ እምግብረ፡ እኩይ፡ ወሳሁብ፡ ሥጋነ፡ በማይ፡ ንጹሕ፡ ናጽንዕ፡ እንከ...

            in element ab within a div, at 172
            placespersonsrelations

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            stubmanuscriptsFSUor13TEI
            Frankfurt, Universitätsbibliothek Johann Christian Senckenberg, Frankfurt Ms. or. 13
            Link to images
            4 in incipit
            Signatures
            Frankfurt Ms. or. 13, Rüpp. III, 1, Goldschmidt 9
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of leaves. It has 65 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1682-1755 (reign). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.

            ... አው፡ ለይሑር፡ ውስተ፡ ምንትኒ፡ ግበር፡ እምግብረ፡ ዓለም፡ ምኑን፡ ውእቱ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ...

            in element incipit within a msItem, with id ms_i1.7

            ... ይትገበሩ፡ በመንትኒ፡ እምግብረ፡ ዓለም። ወከመ፡ ኢይትሀበዩ፡ ተህሀዮተ፡ አው፡ ምንተኒ፡ ...

            in element incipit within a msItem, with id ms_i1.37

            ... አፍአ፡ ፍጹመ፡ እምነ፡ መነኮሳት፡ ከመ፡ ኢይሳተፉ፡ ምንተኒ፡ እምግብረ፡ ...

            in element incipit within a msItem, with id ms_i1.37
            placespersonsrelations

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            stubmanuscriptsESmy002TEI
            Gulo Maḵadā, Dabra Māʿṣo Qǝddus Yoḥannǝs, MY-002
            1 in q
            Signatures
            MY-002
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of 149 (148+147α) 1 147 leaves. It has 31 main content units in 2 codicological units. Available dates of origin in the description: Eleventh to fourteenth century. 1382—1412. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.

            ... በ፫መድኀኔ፡ ሕዝብ፡ በግብጽ፡ እምግብረ፡ ግንፋል፡ እምነደእት፡ ሶበ፡ ግዕሩ፡ እስረኤል፡ ምህለነ፡...

            in element q within a item, with id a2
            placespersonsrelations

            List of related persons

            stubmanuscriptsBLEthiopic4TEI
            London, British Library, BL Indian Office Collection MS Ethiopic 4
            1 in t:ab
            Signatures
            BL Indian Office Collection MS Ethiopic 4
            Short Description
            This paper codex is composed of leaves. It has 17 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1838-1842. The description does not include a collation of the quires.

            ...ሰብእ፡ ወሜጥከ፡ ሕሊና፡ ሰማይ፡ ሰማያውያን፡ ወኮንከ፡ ልዑለ፡ እምግብረ፡ አብያጺከ፡ ደቂቀ፡ አዳም፡ ወበእንተ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ...

            in element t:ab within a t:div, at 74
            placespersonsrelations

            List of related persons

            No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

            stubmanuscriptsBLorient578TEI
            London, British Library, BL Oriental 578
            Link to images
            1 in colophon
            Signatures
            BL Oriental 578, Wright cat. CLXXXVIII, Wright 188
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of 238+1 leaves. It has 56 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1646 (internal-date). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.

            ... ወውጽእት፡ እምግብረ፡ ሥጋ፡ ግሱስ፡ ከመ፡ ይጽሐፉ፡ ስሞ፡ በሰሌዳ፡ መንግሥት፡...

            in element colophon within a colophon, with id coloph1
            placespersonsrelations

            List of related persons

            stubmanuscriptsBLorient778TEI
            London, British Library, BL Oriental 778
            Link to images
            5 in ab
            Signatures
            BL Oriental 778, Wright cat. CCCXLVIII, Wright 348
            Short Description
            This parchment codex is composed of 245+2 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1600-1700. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.

            ... ዕረፍት፡ ሥጋዊ፡ አው፡ ለፈጽሞተ፡ ምንትኒ፡ ግብር፡ እምግብረ፡ ዓለም፡ እስመ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ግብር፡ ፈድፋደ፡ ምኑን፡ ውእቱ፡...

            in element ab within a div, at Introduction

            ... እመፍቅዳቲነ፡ ዕፀባዊት፡ በእንተ፡ ሕይወት፡ ውእቱ፡ እምግብረ፡ ዲያብሎስ፡ ዘውእቱ፡ መስተቃርነ፡ ጽድቅ። ወበእንተ፡ እለ...

            in element ab within a div, at Introduction

            ... ላዕለ፡ መነኮሳት፡ ጽልአ፡ ፍጹመ፡ ከመ፡ ኢይሳተፉ፡ ምንተኒ፡ እምግብረ፡ ዓለም፡ ወኢ፡ በዘ...

            in element ab within a div, at Introduction
            placespersonsrelations

            List of related persons

            No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

            stubworksLIT2851RepCh133TEI
            Malkǝʾ-hymn to St Kiros
            CAe 2851Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
            1 in t:l

            እምግብረ፡ ሰይጣን፡ ዘኢለመደ፡ ርኅራኄ፨

            in element t:l within a t:l, at malke
            comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

            List of computed witnesses

              stubmanuscriptsBNFet110TEI
              Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, BnF Éthiopien 110
              1 in t:ab
              Signatures
              BnF Éthiopien 110, Éth. 100
              Short Description
              This parchment codex is composed of 264 leaves. It has 64 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1500-1599. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.

              ... ለይሑር፡ ውስተ፡ ምንትኒ፡ ግብር፡ እምግብረ፡ ዓለም፡ ምኑን፡ ውእቱ፡ ኀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፈድፋደ፡ ወ...

              in element t:ab within a t:div, at 6
              placespersonsrelations

              List of related persons