Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

Additions Filtered Search

Search in the text of marked terms
Search in the text of the documents or additions
Select manuscript repository
Select main content in the manuscripts
Select main keywords associated with the manuscripts
Select the language of the additions you want to see
Select one or more works referred to in the document or addition
Select one or more interpretation segments
Select one or more persons referred to in the document or addition
Select one or more places referred to in the document or addition
Select one or more keywords referred to in the document or addition

There are 387 entities matching your query.

type: Unclear
(showing up to 100 results; use filters to narrow down your search)
  • BAVet34,a2 |

    ونالت النصرانية اليهود عاى شي وفا ... اليهود لست اليهود على شي فصد ... قالوا دخلوا النار

  • BAVet49,a6 |

    ዘአጥረየ፡ ዘንተ፡ መጽሐፍ፡ መፍቅረ፡

  • BAVet66,a10 |
  • BDLaethe15,a1 |

  • BDLaethe15,a3 |

  • BLadd19343,a1 |

    Ras Walderserlafsey to Henry Salt Esqr London England Antarlo 20 1810

  • BLadd19343,a2 |

    Ras Waldeserlasey to Henry Salt Esqr

  • BLadd19343,a3 |

    Dofter Asta to Mr Salt

  • BLadd19343,a4 |

    Dofter Asta to Mr Salt 1815

  • BLadd19343,a5 |

    to Mr Salt 1815

  • BLadd19343,a6 |

    to Henry Salt Esq.

  • BLadd24184,a2 |

  • BLadd26553,a1 |

    Transcribed by Rich in early life.

  • BLorient523,a5 |

    የዕለታት፡ ተውሳክ፡

  • BLorient523,a6 |

    ያጽዋማት፡ ተውሳክ።

  • BMLor403,a1 |
  • BMLor403,a2 |

    ልብሳ፡ ማሓፈ፡ ፩፩ምግዕ፡ ዘዕፅ፡ ወቀፉ፡ ፪ ዮ ር ተ፡ ጠር ንዱ ሀሎ፡ ውስተ፡ ቤተ፡

  • BNFabb137,a1 |

    ዘተገድፈ᎓ ጸሐፍኩ᎓ አነ᎓

  • BNFabb137,a3 |

    Legebam Inarya cum maerore et tristitiâ animi anno MDCCCXLV.

    I read in Ennarya with grief and sadness of soul in the year 1845

  • BNFabb137,a4 |
  • BNFabb137,a5 |
  • BNFabb147,a2 |

    የአባ፡ ባጀና፡ ጋ፡ የጭቋላ፤ መቡ፡ ለኋ፤

  • BNFabb147,a3 |

    ዳዝቢሆን፡ ፩ጋ፡ የዳሌ፡ ወኅኒ፤ ገበያ፤ መንገድ፤ ባምባ፤ እሞይ፡ ባድማ፤ አበርጊና፤ ጎጥ፡ ክርክራ፤ ጽንጁት፡ ፍሣ፡ ያረሰው፤

  • BNFabb147,a4 |

    የአባ፡ ፩ጋ፡ የዱራሽ፡ ፭ም፡ የወሮ፡ ፭ም፡ የዱራሽ።

  • BNFabb174,a1 |
  • BNFabb47,a1 |
  • BNFabb55,a3 |

    ለዓለም፡ አቡነ፡ ተክለ፡

  • BNFabb55,a4 |

    ለአቡነ፡ ተክለዐብ፡

  • BNFabb66B,a12 |

    ኈልቈ፡ ሣዕር፡ ዘተለቅሑ፡ ሰብአ፡ ደቅ፡ ፬፻፲ወ፯። ፪፻፳ወ፫ ተረፉ። ዘውስጥ፡ ዝብድ፡ ፻፲፩፡ ገንዘቡ፡ ፶ወ፭ተረፉ። ወዘአፍአ፡ ዝብድ፡ ወሰቅለጥ፡ ፫፻፡ ፴ወ፪፡ ፻፶፡ ስድስቱ፡ ተረፉ፡ ወኵሉ፡ ድሙር፡ ፱፻፡ ፵፰፡ ገንዘቡ፡ ፬፻፱

  • BNFabb72,a5 |

    ሶበ፡ ለከፎ፡ ቀላጢ ለታቦት፡ ዘኢመፍትው፡ በምንተኒ፡ ከመዝ፡ ግበር፡ እንበለ፡ ያእምሩ፡ ሕዝብ። መቅደመ፡ ኵሉ፡ ያዕርግ፡ ዕጣነ፡ ወይድግም፡ ጸሎተ፡ ዕጣን፡ ጸዊሮ፡ ታቦተ፤

  • BNFabb72,a6 |
  • BNFabb72,a9 |

    ተዓብዮ፡ ነፍስየ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ በል፡ ፫ጊዜ፡ ንዒ፡ ዘትነብሪ፡ በአርያም፡ ወንዒ፡፨

  • BNFet117,a1 |

  • BNFet117,a2 |

    Perlegit et examinavit hunc librum erroresque notabiliores correxit Fr. Joh. Michael Vanslebius. Ord. Praed. 1670.

  • BNFet13,a3 |

  • BNFet13,a4 |

  • BNFet13,a9 |

    በአኰቴተ፡ አብ፡ ስማዕ፡ እንግርከ፡ ዘወሀበ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ተሰፋ፡ ለውሉደ፡ አዳም።

  • BNFet13,a10 |

  • BNFet151,a1 |

  • BNFet2,a1 |
  • BNFet2,a4 |
  • BNFet2,a7 |

  • BNFet2,a8 |

  • BNFet41,a2 |

  • BNFet50,a2 |

  • BNFet50,a3 |

  • BNFet50,a5 |

  • BNFet50,a7 |

  • BNFet50,a8 |

  • BNFet50,a12 |

  • BNFet50,a13 |

  • BNFet50,a14 |

  • BNFet50,a16 |

  • BNFet50,a19 |

  • BNFet50,a21 |

  • BNFet50,a22 |

  • BNFet50,a23 |

  • BNFet50,a24 |

  • BNFet50,a26 |

    according to the Fathers of Nicaea and Giyorgis Walda ʾAmid

  • BNFet50,a27 |

  • BNFet50,a28 |

  • BNFet50,a29 |

  • BNFet50,a30 |

    ነገረ፡ ቅብጢ፡ ወዐረብ፡ ወግእዝ። ስመስላሴ፡ በነገረ፡ ቅብጢ፡ ከእንብራን፡ አሜፍዎት፡ ። እብኖዲ፡ ወታኦስ፡ በቅ። አላ፡ በዓረ፡ እግ"ር፡ በግእዝ። እትባ፡ በቅ፡ ሰማ፡ በዓረቢ፡ ሰማይ፡ በግ።

  • BNFet50,a32 |

  • BNFet50,a34 |

  • BNFet68,a3 |

    ንጽሕፍ፡ ነገረ፡ ጽንጽት፡ ወጽንዕት ሠረቀ፡ መስከረም፡ ፲ወ፭፡ ጽኑዕ፡ ወእምኔሃ፡ ጽንጽንት፡

  • BNFet8,a3 |

    ምዕራፍ፡ ፩፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ሲራክ።

  • BNFet8,a4 |

    ዘኢያሱ፡ ዘአሰሮ፡ ድንትርያሱ።

  • CJN003,a1 |

    ሥላሴ፡ ይን፡ ዳዊት፡ ባዛ፡ በ፫ ብር፡ዳ

  • CJN003,a2 |
  • CJN003,a3 |
  • CJN003,a4 |

  • CJN006,a3 |
  • CJN008,a1 |

    ቅድመ፡ ሢመተ፡ ጸሎት፡ ኪዳን፡ መስተበቍዕ፡ ጸሎተ፡ አኵቴት፡ ውዳሴ፡ ማርያም፡ አሌፋች፡ ጸሎተ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ አቡነ፡ ዘበሰማያት፡ ድግሞ፡

  • ESdz004,a2 |

    118vb (below the text): በጠጁን፡ ከረዙን፡ እኑሆን፯፯፡ [n.l.]በል፡ ምዕደንግያ፡ ወሚመ፡ በዘ፡ ትትከል፡ ዕዕ፡ ዘኢያንቀበቅል፡ ድማም፡

  • ESgms002,a3 |

    ወርሰተ፡ ቤተ፡ ክርስትንሂ፡ ከመ፡ ኢይትአደው፡ እመኂ፡ ሹዩም፡ ወእመኂ፡ ሰብዓ፡ ርሰት፡ ወመሂ፡ ካልዕ፡ ውጉዝ፡ በአፈ፡ ጴጥሮስ፡ ወጳውሎስ፡ እሱረ፡ ለይኵን፡ እስከ፡ ምፅዓተ፡ ዓለም፡ ሐ<...>ወካህናትኒ፡ ከማሁ፡ ኢይደመሩ፡ በነገረ፡ ሸመት፡ ውጉዛን፡ ዘደብረ፡<…>።

  • ESmakm023,a1 |

  • ESmakm091,a4 |

    150rb: ጳራቅሊጦስ፡ መንፈሰ፡ ትንቢት፡ ለናሆም፡ ዘሐወፆ፨ መጳራቅሊጦስ፡ መብረቅ፡ ለጳውሎስ፡ ዘአደንግፆ፨ መራኁተ፡ ስምዖን፡ ጴጥሮስ፡ ጳራ፡ ፈታሔ፡ ማዕፆ፨ ለአረጋዊ፡ መንፈሳዊ፡ ያርኅወኒ፡ አንቀጾ፨ ስብሐተ፡ መልክዑ፡ እነጽር፡ ወፍሡሐ፡ ገጾ፨

    150rb: Paraclete, the Spirit of prophecy who visited Nahom, Paraclete who terrified Paul with a lightening, With the key of Simon Peter, the guardian of the gate, Paraclete, May he open the gate for Spiritual Elder, So that I could see his glorious appearance and his joyful face.

  • ESmkmg006,a1 |

    አለቃ፡ ጽሩይ፡ ከ <…> ከተማ፡ ፋቶ፡ ፲፱[፻]<…>[ዓ]መተ፡ ምሕረት።

  • ESmm004,a1 |

  • ESmy012,a2 |

    ሐምሌ፡ ፳፰ቀን፡ ፶፬፡ ዓ፡ ም፡ ከሸቃ፡ በየን፡ ካህሣይ። የጸሐፊ፡ ፌርማ፡ የመጽሐፉ፡ ዋጋ፡ ዘጠኝ፡ ባውንድ፡ ደርሰኛል፡ ብየ፡ በጽሕፈቴ፡ ፌርማ፡ አራጋግጣለሁኝ፡ ኃይለ፡ ሥላሴ፡ ይሙት።

  • FSUrueppII1,a2 |

    ዘአውፅአ፡ ዘንተ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ እምቤተ፡ ክርስቲያን፡ ይኩን፡ ዕዳሁ፡ ፪ዲናረ።

  • IVEf72,a1 |
  • IVEf72,a2 |
  • IVEf72,a3 |
  • IVEf72,a4 |
  • IVEf72,a6 |
  • IVef31,a1 |

  • IVkoriander2,a3 |

  • IVkoriander2,a4 |

  • IVkoriander2,a5 |

  • IVorlov37,a1 |
  • IVorlov37,a2 |
  • RDW001,a1 |

  • RDW001,a3 |

  • RDW001,a4 |

  • RDW001,a5 |
  • RNBefns11,a5 |
  • RNBefns15,a4 |
  • RNBefns8,a1 |