Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

You can run a simple search which will look in all text indexes. This is the simplest search that we can offer. Check the options below the input box if you want to change the default settings.

Note that you can click on and/or symbols under the search field for additional filters/facets and on to activate the virtual keyboard.

When the results appear you can use facets to narrow your selection. For that, first select the facet (Item type, Author of changes, Keywords, etc.) and then press "refine search results ".
Here you can get a list of items given some parameters, like the entity type, without searching for a string. You can play with the filters to restrict the search and you can certainly combine these with a text search. If you know the identifier (ID) of an item (LIT1234name, MS123abc, PRS12345name, etc.) you can paste it here, and you will get it in the results. if you know only a part, eg. LIT20... it will give you all those which match. To reach a given item with its ID, you can also append that to the base URL of the website, https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT1234name and you will be redirected to the correct landing page. If you have at hand the Clavis Aethiopica number of a Textual Unit, e.g. CAe 1234, you can enter it here and the search will point you to that record. We record (unsystematically) corresponding identifiers from other Claves, like CAVT or CANT, here you can select which one you want to look for and search for records pointing to that. We record for each repository information on settlement, region and country. By searching for the identifier of a place the query will look at related places and check for other repositories which may be associated. If you know how to write your XPath, and know the source TEI (available for each file, by appending .xml to the identifier of the record) you will be able to run that query against the db here. Not all possible paths are optimized. Parallel to the XML, also an RDF triple store is maintained by the project. Here you get an interface to the SPARQL endpoint. You can add your SPARQL query and see the results available.
In the search mask above, you can search for text, below there are options and you can add filters ( ). You can then use facets to narrow your selection.
But text is not all you can search for. In the top menu you can switch to other types of queries and searches which rely on different indexes and data formats.
You can check this box to use 'smart' ranking, where a higher score is assigned to hits in placeName, persName, title or to records with text or an occupation element. This will make you wait a bit more. If running a text search, you can select the type of text search. This determines how the single words which you enter are matched in the indexes here By default the search will use OR as an operator, which means that if you search two words you will get hits which contain one OR the other. You may wish to use AND to get the matches which contain your first word AND your second word. If you want them in that particular order, consider using phrase mode from the search type. Click on this plus button to see a series of additional options for your search. If you wish to search for a given word in the hands descriptions and another word in the decorations, here you can do that, using fields. This may help you enter characters which are not immediately present on your keyboard. Keep a letter pressed for additional forms. Use Shift and Alt for alternative keyboards. Instead of the pointer you can use your own keyboard with these values when active. Homophones are mechanically replaced for you, so that for example, if you search for one of 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ' we will search for all of them. If you deselect this checkbox the list of homophones will not be considered and only the exact string you searched will be passed on. Homophones are not replaced for search strings longer than 10 characters and is not applied in all modes. If you entered a search string for a Gǝʿǝz string, either typing it in Fidal or in a transliteration format, we can try to convert it and search also the other form. If you entered ወልደ the search engine will look also for walda. If you entered walda also for ወልደ. This depends on the availability of the alternate form.

You can enter above your SPARQL query to the RDF representation of the data stored in Apache Jena Fuseki. Please use single quotes ' not double.

PREFIXes are already there (see below), so you can start with SELECT. If you prefer to use your prefixes, do so, no problem. A super tutorial on how to build SPARQL queries is here at Apache Jena.

Results do not have facets and are presented as they are requested in the query from the SPARQL response.



PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX lawd: <http://lawd.info/ontology/>
PREFIX oa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#>
PREFIX ecrm: <http://erlangen-crm.org/current/>
PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#>
PREFIX agrelon: <http://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/agrelon.owl#>
PREFIX rel: <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
PREFIX bm: <https://betamasaheft.eu/>
PREFIX pelagios: <http://pelagios.github.io/vocab/terms#>
PREFIX syriaca: <http://syriaca.org/documentation/relations.html#>
PREFIX saws: <http://purl.org/saws/ontology#>
PREFIX snap: <http://data.snapdrgn.net/ontology/snap#>
PREFIX pleiades: <https://pleiades.stoa.org/>
PREFIX wd: <https://www.wikidata.org/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX t: <http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0>
PREFIX sdc: <https://w3id.org/sdc/ontology#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>

You can also use the API to query the SPARQL endpoint, using https://betamasaheft.eu/api/SPARQL with the query in a parameter q. The results are SPARQL Query Results XML Format, as the one visualized below.

In the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines you can find the OWLDoc Documentation and a visualization thanks to webVOWL of the current ontology developed with Protégé.

Some examples of the data you are querying

Documentation on Linked Open Data can be found here.

Examples:
Search for female donors: "SELECT ?ms ?person WHERE { ?annotation a bm:donor ; oa:hasBody ?person ; oa:hasTarget ?ms . ?ms a bm:mss . ?person foaf:gender 'female' . } "
Manuscripts with a patron of the imperial family: "SELECT DISTINCT ?manuscript ?patron ?relation ?ruler WHERE{ ?annotation a bm:patron ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript ; oa:hasBody ?patron . ?manuscript a bm:mss . ?patron snap:hasBond ?bondName . ?bondName rdf:type ?relation ; snap:bond-with ?ruler . ?ruler snap:occupation 'Emperor' . }"
Mountains mentioned in Liturgy manuscripts: "SELECT DISTINCT ?mountain ?manuscript WHERE { ?att oa:hasBody ?mountain ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript . ?manuscript a bm:mss ; a bm:Liturgy . ?mountain a bm:place ; pleiades:hasFeatureType in <https://betamasaheft.eu/authority-files/mountain> . } LIMIT 50"

The results presented here are visualized with d3sparql

Enter above your XPath 3.0 query to the data. (You can alternatively use the old XPath search page here) Please, use t: namespace for TEI elements. The starting point of any Xpath should be $config:collection-root if you are searching the entire dataset.

NB: if you are a member of the BM GitHub organization and work with Oxygen you may run your XPath Queries directly in your Oxygen project; in this case start the string directly with //TEI.

You can also use, as a cached and short form to point to collections the following variables: $config:collection-rootMS for manuscripts; $config:collection-rootW for Textual Units $config:collection-rootPl for places; $config:collection-rootPr for persons; $config:collection-rootIn for repositories; $config:collection-rootA for authority files.

Examples:
Persons marked up in colophons: $config:collection-rootMS//t:colophon[t:persName]
Manuscripts with at least 26 additions: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[@xml:id='a26']
Manuscripts with a text marked up as Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[descendant::t:textLang[@mainLang='am' or @otherLangs='am']]
Manuscripts with additions that contain something tagged Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[not(contains(@xml:id, 'IHA'))]//t:additions[descendant::t:*[@xml:lang='am']]
Records with the title with the subtype inscriptio: $config:collection-root//t:title[contains(@subtype,'inscriptio')]
Manuscripts that have at least 31 quires: $config:collection-rootMS//t:collation/t:list[count(t:item) ge 31]
Manuscripts where a roleName appears: $config:collection-rootMS//t:roleName
Additons of the type OwnershipNote: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']]
Place records revised in 2022: $config:collection-rootPl//t:revisionDesc/t:change[contains(concat(' ', @when, ' '), '2022')]
Work records that contain "Senodos" inside title: $config:collection-rootW//t:titleStmt/t:title[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Works that contain the string "Senodos" somewhere: $config:collection-rootW//*[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Person record which have at least some attribute for birth and death (can be when, notBefore, notAfter) elements and occupation type ruler: $config:collection-rootPr//t:person[t:birth[@*]][t:death[@*]][t:occupation[@type='ruler']]
Manuscripts with miniatures in them: $config:collection-rootMS//t:decoDesc[t:decoNote[@type='miniature']]
Manuscripts with an addition element typed Ownership Note followed by another one with type Supplication: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']][following-sibling::t:item[t:desc[@type='Supplication']]]

Here you can differentiate your search by looking at the text of constructed strings from specific portions of the data. You can search for records which have a word occurring in the decoration and another in the content description, for example.















Resource type
manuscript27
General
Ashlee Benson21
Denis Nosnitsin2
Dorothea Reule4
Eliana Dal Sasso1
Eugenia Sokolinski2
Jonah Sandford21
Massimo Villa1
Pietro Maria Liuzzo22
Ralph Lee21
Vitagrazia Pisani1
2024-03-131
2023-02-131
2023-03-031
2022-06-011
2022-09-151
2021-05-171
2021-06-032
2021-10-031
2020-01-061
2020-01-091
2020-01-142
2020-01-161
2020-01-221
2020-01-241
2020-01-271
2020-01-292
2020-01-311
2020-02-071
2020-02-122
2020-02-131
2020-02-171
2020-02-251
2020-02-273
2020-03-131
2020-03-171
2020-03-191
2020-03-201
2020-03-261
2020-03-271
2020-04-161
2020-04-176
2020-04-1811
2020-04-222
2020-04-232
2020-04-271
2020-05-042
2020-05-071
2020-05-111
2020-05-214
2020-05-271
2020-06-111
2020-06-162
2020-06-221
2020-06-251
2020-07-212
2020-08-111
2020-08-131
2020-08-141
2020-08-201
2020-09-081
2020-09-091
2020-09-111
2020-10-201
2020-10-281
2020-10-301
2020-11-022
2020-11-031
2020-11-051
2020-11-091
2020-11-122
2020-11-131
2020-11-171
2020-11-184
2020-11-191
2020-11-231
2020-11-261
2020-12-111
2019-09-161
2019-09-272
2019-10-021
2019-10-182
2019-10-311
2019-11-011
2019-11-071
2019-11-136
2019-11-221
2019-11-231
2019-12-032
2019-12-181
2019-12-231
2018-01-101
2018-01-1822
2018-06-141
2018-06-251
2018-06-261
2018-06-271
2018-06-291
2018-07-171
2018-07-181
2018-07-251
2018-08-031
2018-08-061
2018-08-082
2018-08-091
2018-09-191
2018-09-241
2018-10-081
2017-08-011
2016-05-101
2014-09-071
2013-11-011
2010-05-101
2010-12-171
Angel3
Apostle Portrait1
Ascension of Jesus1
Cross1
Crucifixion of Jesus3
Equestrian Saint1
Holy Man Portrait5
Holy Women1
Jesus Christ1
Resurrection of Jesus2
Savior of the World (Jesus seated holding orb)1
The Trinity1
Virgin and Child4
ʾAsmāt1
dragon3
halo1
Hand of God1
interlace1
Textile1
textile inlay1
globe1
sword1
Modern Period1
Postaksumite I1
Postaksumite II1
Pattern A31
Apocrypha1
Bible1
Christian Literature5
Homily1
Medicine1
Miracle2
New Testament1
Old Testament1
Poetry1
Prayers3
Theology1
Animal thread1
Amharic3
Arabic2
English26
Gǝʿǝz 20
Italian 1
Manuscripts
animal origin.1
inlays1
interlace1
pattern A31
textile1
Angel3
Apostle Portrait1
Ascension of Jesus1
Cross1
Crucifixion of Jesus3
Equestrian Saint1
Holy Man Portrait5
Holy Women1
JesusChrist1
Resurrection of Jesus2
Savior of the World (Jesus seated holding orb)1
The Holy Trinity1
Virgin and Child4
cardboard1
leather8
paper1
parchment17
textile5
wood23
Aethiopici1
Eliza2
EMIP21
Ethio-SPaRe2
Ethiopic1
Marwick1
Mekane Yesus Seminary3
Oriental1
Tweed Collection6
110
221
complete24
incomplete6
deficient2
good4
, arranged for days of the week1
A collection of Asmat prayers1
ʾAkkʷateta qʷǝrbān za-qǝddus Hǝryāqos za-hagara Bǝhnǝsā2
Asmat prayer against the Tongue of People, on how Jacob said it when he fled from the face of his brother1
Asmat prayer Against the Tongue of the People, ልሳነ፡ ሰብእ፡ (በእንተ፡ ልሳነ፡ ዘመድ፡ ወባዕድ፡). 1
Bārtos1
Blessing of Abunä Yared, Yāred 1
Book Five, Homilies of Ragu’el, Homiles of Fanu’el, Image of Ragu’el, and Image of Fanu’el1
Book Four, Malke Ragu’el 1
Booklet of prayer that came down from heaven for a nobleman in the land of the Afrǝgi1
Book One, Sa’atat, Miracles of Mary, Miracles of Jesus, and other miracles1
Book Seven, Sword of the Trinity, Säyfä Śǝllase, ሠይፈ፡ ሥላሴ፡ and Image of the Trinity, attributed in this publication to አባ፡ ስብሐት፡ ለአብ፡1
Book Six, ፋካሬ፡ ኢየሱስ፡. Explanations of Jesus, Fәkkare ’Iyyäsus, [Prophecy of Jesus when the disciples asked him about the end time]1
Book Three, Malke Ragu’el 1
Book Two, Sanie Golgota, pages rebound in disorder, title page missing1
Collection of Asmat prayers against Charm, Ṣälot Bä’ǝntä Śǝray, ጸሎት፡ በእንተ፡ ሥራይ፡, (col. 2)1
Gǝbra Ḥǝmāmāt1
Gǝ‘ǝz poem1
Gospel of John1
Greeting to the Trinity, ሰላምታ፡ 1
Halleluiatic hymn to the Trinity. (see No item: EMIP00039, f. 19r1
History of Yāred1
Hymn to Jesus Christ2
Hymn to St George1
Image of the Archangels Michael and Gabriel, መልክአ ሚካኤል ወገብርኤል1
Malkǝʾ-hymn (Salām) to Phanuel1
Malkǝʾ-hymn to Gabra Manfas Qǝddus1
Malkǝʾ-hymn to Raphael1
Malkǝʾ-hymn to St George3
Malkǝʾa ʾabuna Takla Hāymānot1
Malkǝʾa ʾAbuna Takla Hāymānot1
Malkǝʾa Fānuʾel1
Malkǝʾa fǝlsatā1
Malkǝʾa madḫāne ʿālam1
Malkǝʾa Māryām Ṣǝyon1
Malkǝʾa sanbat1
Malkǝʾa Śǝllāse12
Mangada samāy1
Maṣḥafa ʾardǝʾt4
Prayer of Moses which saved him from Pharoah, ጸሎተ፡ ሙሴ።1
Prayer of the Disciples for forgiveness of sin, ጸሎት፡ ስርየተ፡ ኃጢአት፡ 1
Prayer on the holy names revealed by Jesus to the apostle Andrew1
Prayer to God: “For the Sake of the Honor and Covenant of Our Lady, Virgin Mary,” በእንተ፡ ዕበያ፡ ወክብራ፡ ወኪዳና፡ ለእግዝእትነ፡ ማርያም፡ ድንግል። 1
Prayer to the Guardian Angel1
Protective prayers for the seven weekdays1
Ṣalota kidān1
Ṣalot za-ʾǝgzǝʾǝtǝna Māryām ba-Dabra Golgotā2
Sayfa malakot2
Sayfa Śǝllāse24
Seven Miracles of the Trinity1
Sixty-Three Miracles of the Trinity, ተአምረ፡ ሥላሴ፡ 1
Story of the Matter of the Trinity1
Taʾammǝra ʾIyasus1
Taʾammǝra Māryām1
Taʾammǝra Śǝllāse2
Tǝmhǝrta ḫǝbuʾāt1
The prayer, “God of the luminaries,” እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘብርሃናት፡ 1
The prayer, “I take refuge,” ጸሎተ፡ ተማኅፀንኩ፡ 1
The Spiritual Benefit of Prayer and Reading Scripture1
Wǝddāse Māryām1
Yǝweddǝsǝwwa malāʾǝkt la-Māryām1
Zenā nagaromu la-Śǝllāse4
ስብሐት፡ ለክሙ፡ ሥሉስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ አዕማደ፡ ብሩህ፡ እሳት፡1
Ṭabiba ṭabibān2
14992
17991
18995
19001
19021
19132
19262
19301
19502
19671
19996
20061
14001
14501
17001
17501
18004
18503
18894
19008
19011
19611
301
311
322
341
353
403
432
452
491
501
702
801
AsfahaGabraMaryam1
bāšāy Asfāhā Gabra Māryām1
bāšāy Asfāhā Gabra Māryām with baptismal name Gabra Libānos1
WalattaLibanos1
Walatta Libānos1
Codex27
1302
1371
1402
1481
1501
1521
1532
1551
1601
1631
1643
1652
1721
1751
1782
1801
4071
6.51
no5
yes22
animal origin.1
inlays1
pattern A31
textile1
parchment19
03
101
121
13
161
25
32
43
54
62
92
027
02
14
22
33
41
55
62
74
82
92
08
118
41
05
112
132
142
153
201
241
52
62
73
82
92
027
11
112
121
152
172
181
193
201
23
231
261
272
31
411
51
61
81
811
91
1091
1281
341
4281
441
531
561
661
771
78.01
i + 102 1
i + 118 1
i + 581
i + 641
i + 871
ii + 1271
ii + 1321
ii + 1761
ii + 2081
ii + 641
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Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana1
British Library1
Capuchin Center for Research and Retreat1
Dabra Māʿṣo Qǝddus Yoḥannǝs1
Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project15
Exarchic Greek Abbey of St. Mary of Grottaferrata1
Howard University School of Divinity6
Kadiḥ Dabra Tawāḥǝdo Qǝddǝst Māryām1
Marwick Collection1
Mekane Yesus Seminary Library3
private collection of Eliza Bennett2
Saint Catherine’s Monastery Sinai1
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Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C. 1
Walda Māryām (mentioned on fols. 19va, 42va).1
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    Signatures
    94, EMIP 1927
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 132 leaves. It has 18 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Late-nineteenth century. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Mekane Yesus Seminary 14, EMIP 614
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of i + 58 leaves. It has 13 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Early-twentieth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Mekane Yesus Seminary 51, EMIP 651
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of vi + 98 leaves. It has 10 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Sane 10, 1961 E.C.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Mekane Yesus Seminary 52, EMIP 652
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 70 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Twentieth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    KTM-012
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 78.0 leaves. It has 15 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 19th cent. (?). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Eliza Codex 8, EMIP 33
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of i + 118 leaves. It has 25 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: eighteenth and nineteenth centuries (composite). The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Crypt. Aet. 10, Raineri 3
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 77 leaves. It has 8 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1901-1902. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    MY-015
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 44 leaves. It has 16 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Late 19th/first half of the 20th century.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    Signatures
    BL Oriental 525, Wright cat. XLVI, Wright 46
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 109 leaves. It has 4 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1450-1499 (dating on palaeographic grounds). There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    stubmanuscriptsEMIP00041TEI

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    Signatures
    Eliza Codex 16, EMIP 41
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 56 leaves. It has 11 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: twentieth century. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Focanti Codex 1
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of i + 102 leaves. It has 28 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: nineteenth century. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Holcomb Codex 1
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 176 leaves. It has 26 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: late-nineteenth/early-twentieth century (reign of Mǝnilek [1889-1926] and Metropolitan Matewos [1889-1913]). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Weiner Codex 134
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 84 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Late-nineteenth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Weiner Codex 142
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 64 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Twentieth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Weiner Codex 469
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 66 leaves. It has 6 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Weiner Codex 471
    Short Description
    This paper codex is composed of 428 leaves. It has 15 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1961-1967. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Weiner Codex 88
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 53 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Weiner Codex 99
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of i + 87 leaves. It has 16 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Sinai Ethiopic 7
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 128 leaves. It has 14 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1800-2006. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Aeth. 89
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 34 leaves. It has 10 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1400-1499. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.
    Signatures
    Tweed Codex 016, EMIP 1965
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 208 leaves. It has 23 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Tweed Codex 017, EMIP 1966
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 74 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Twentieth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Tweed Codex 098, EMIP 2047
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of iv + 53 leaves. It has 15 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Early-twentieth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Tweed Codex 107, EMIP 2056
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of iii + 123 leaves. It has 78 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Twentieth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Tweed Codex 118, EMIP 2067
    Short Description
    This codex is composed of i + 64 leaves. It has 7 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Twentieth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Tweed Codex 147, EMIP 2096
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of ii + 127 leaves. It has 17 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Nineteenth century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    Signatures
    Marwick Codex 3, EMIP 7
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of iv + 38 leaves. It has 13 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: late-eighteenth century. The description includes a collation of the quires.
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