✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

You can run a simple search which will look in all text indexes. This is the simplest search that we can offer. Check the options below the input box if you want to change the default settings.

Note that you can click on and/or symbols under the search field for additional filters/facets and on to activate the virtual keyboard.

When the results appear you can use facets to narrow your selection. For that, first select the facet (Item type, Author of changes, Keywords, etc.) and then press "refine search results ". Here you can get a list of items given some parameters, like the entity type, without searching for a string. You can play with the filters to restrict the search and you can certainly combine these with a text search. If you know the identifier (ID) of an item (LIT1234name, MS123abc, PRS12345name, etc.) you can paste it here, and you will get it in the results. if you know only a part, eg. LIT20... it will give you all those which match. To reach a given item with its ID, you can also append that to the base URL of the website, https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT1234name and you will be redirected to the correct landing page. If you have at hand the Clavis Aethiopica number of a Textual Unit, e.g. CAe 1234, you can enter it here and the search will point you to that record. We record (unsystematically) corresponding identifiers from other Claves, like CAVT or CANT, here you can select which one you want to look for and search for records pointing to that. We record for each repository information on settlement, region and country. By searching for the identifier of a place the query will look at related places and check for other repositories which may be associated. If you know how to write your XPath, and know the source TEI (available for each file, by appending .xml to the identifier of the record) you will be able to run that query against the db here. Not all possible paths are optimized. Parallel to the XML, also an RDF triple store is maintained by the project. Here you get an interface to the SPARQL endpoint. You can add your SPARQL query and see the results available.
In the search mask above, you can search for text, below there are options and you can add filters ( ). You can then use facets to narrow your selection.
But text is not all you can search for. In the top menu you can switch to other types of queries and searches which rely on different indexes and data formats. You can check this box to use 'smart' ranking, where a higher score is assigned to hits in placeName, persName, title or to records with text or an occupation element. This will make you wait a bit more. If running a text search, you can select the type of text search. This determines how the single words which you enter are matched in the indexes here By default the search will use OR as an operator, which means that if you search two words you will get hits which contain one OR the other. You may wish to use AND to get the matches which contain your first word AND your second word. If you want them in that particular order, consider using phrase mode from the search type. Click on this plus button to see a series of additional options for your search. If you wish to search for a given word in the hands descriptions and another word in the decorations, here you can do that, using fields. This may help you enter characters which are not immediately present on your keyboard. Keep a letter pressed for additional forms. Use Shift and Alt for alternative keyboards. Instead of the pointer you can use your own keyboard with these values when active. Homophones are mechanically replaced for you, so that for example, if you search for one of 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ' we will search for all of them. If you deselect this checkbox the list of homophones will not be considered and only the exact string you searched will be passed on. Homophones are not replaced for search strings longer than 10 characters and is not applied in all modes. If you entered a search string for a Gǝʿǝz string, either typing it in Fidal or in a transliteration format, we can try to convert it and search also the other form. If you entered ወልደ the search engine will look also for walda. If you entered walda also for ወልደ. This depends on the availability of the alternate form.

You can enter above your SPARQL query to the RDF representation of the data stored in Apache Jena Fuseki. Please use single quotes ' not double.

PREFIXes are already there (see below), so you can start with SELECT. If you prefer to use your prefixes, do so, no problem. A super tutorial on how to build SPARQL queries is here at Apache Jena.

Results do not have facets and are presented as they are requested in the query from the SPARQL response.



PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX lawd: <http://lawd.info/ontology/>
PREFIX oa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#>
PREFIX ecrm: <http://erlangen-crm.org/current/>
PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#>
PREFIX agrelon: <http://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/agrelon.owl#>
PREFIX rel: <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
PREFIX bm: <https://betamasaheft.eu/>
PREFIX pelagios: <http://pelagios.github.io/vocab/terms#>
PREFIX syriaca: <http://syriaca.org/documentation/relations.html#>
PREFIX saws: <http://purl.org/saws/ontology#>
PREFIX snap: <http://data.snapdrgn.net/ontology/snap#>
PREFIX pleiades: <https://pleiades.stoa.org/>
PREFIX wd: <https://www.wikidata.org/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX t: <http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0>
PREFIX sdc: <https://w3id.org/sdc/ontology#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>

You can also use the API to query the SPARQL endpoint, using https://betamasaheft.eu/api/SPARQL with the query in a parameter q. The results are SPARQL Query Results XML Format, as the one visualized below.

In the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines you can find the OWLDoc Documentation and a visualization thanks to webVOWL of the current ontology developed with Protégé.

Some examples of the data you are querying

Documentation on Linked Open Data can be found here.

Examples:
Search for female donors: "SELECT ?ms ?person WHERE { ?annotation a bm:donor ; oa:hasBody ?person ; oa:hasTarget ?ms . ?ms a bm:mss . ?person foaf:gender 'female' . } "
Manuscripts with a patron of the imperial family: "SELECT DISTINCT ?manuscript ?patron ?relation ?ruler WHERE{ ?annotation a bm:patron ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript ; oa:hasBody ?patron . ?manuscript a bm:mss . ?patron snap:hasBond ?bondName . ?bondName rdf:type ?relation ; snap:bond-with ?ruler . ?ruler snap:occupation 'Emperor' . }"
Mountains mentioned in Liturgy manuscripts: "SELECT DISTINCT ?mountain ?manuscript WHERE { ?att oa:hasBody ?mountain ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript . ?manuscript a bm:mss ; a bm:Liturgy . ?mountain a bm:place ; pleiades:hasFeatureType in <https://betamasaheft.eu/authority-files/mountain> . } LIMIT 50"

The results presented here are visualized with d3sparql

Enter above your XPath 3.0 query to the data. (You can alternatively use the old XPath search page here) Please, use t: namespace for TEI elements. The starting point of any Xpath should be $config:collection-root if you are searching the entire dataset.

NB: if you are a member of the BM GitHub organization and work with Oxygen you may run your XPath Queries directly in your Oxygen project; in this case start the string directly with //TEI.

You can also use, as a cached and short form to point to collections the following variables: $config:collection-rootMS for manuscripts; $config:collection-rootW for Textual Units $config:collection-rootPl for places; $config:collection-rootPr for persons; $config:collection-rootIn for repositories; $config:collection-rootA for authority files.

Examples:
Persons marked up in colophons: $config:collection-rootMS//t:colophon[t:persName]
Manuscripts with at least 26 additions: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[@xml:id='a26']
Manuscripts with a text marked up as Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[descendant::t:textLang[@mainLang='am' or @otherLangs='am']]
Manuscripts with additions that contain something tagged Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[not(contains(@xml:id, 'IHA'))]//t:additions[descendant::t:*[@xml:lang='am']]
Records with the title with the subtype inscriptio: $config:collection-root//t:title[contains(@subtype,'inscriptio')]
Manuscripts that have at least 31 quires: $config:collection-rootMS//t:collation/t:list[count(t:item) ge 31]
Manuscripts where a roleName appears: $config:collection-rootMS//t:roleName
Additons of the type OwnershipNote: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']]
Place records revised in 2022: $config:collection-rootPl//t:revisionDesc/t:change[contains(concat(' ', @when, ' '), '2022')]
Work records that contain "Senodos" inside title: $config:collection-rootW//t:titleStmt/t:title[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Works that contain the string "Senodos" somewhere: $config:collection-rootW//*[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Person record which have at least some attribute for birth and death (can be when, notBefore, notAfter) elements and occupation type ruler: $config:collection-rootPr//t:person[t:birth[@*]][t:death[@*]][t:occupation[@type='ruler']]
Manuscripts with miniatures in them: $config:collection-rootMS//t:decoDesc[t:decoNote[@type='miniature']]
Manuscripts with an addition element typed Ownership Note followed by another one with type Supplication: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']][following-sibling::t:item[t:desc[@type='Supplication']]]

Here you can differentiate your search by looking at the text of constructed strings from specific portions of the data. You can search for records which have a word occurring in the decoration and another in the content description, for example.















Resource type
manuscript7
textual unit7
General
Daria Elagina1
Denis Nosnitsin2
Dorothea Reule7
Eugenia Sokolinski10
Giulia Casella1
Jacopo Gnisci2
Massimo Villa2
Pietro Maria Liuzzo10
Ralph Lee1
Ran HaCohen3
Solomon Gebreyes3
Stéphane Ancel1
Susanne Hummel1
Vitagrazia Pisani1
2024-08-281
2024-12-102
2023-10-091
2022-05-071
2022-06-021
2022-06-231
2022-07-041
2022-07-081
2022-09-271
2021-03-151
2020-01-221
2020-03-251
2020-04-201
2020-08-111
2020-11-181
2020-11-191
2020-11-261
2020-12-161
2019-02-201
2019-03-291
2019-04-251
2019-11-011
2019-11-041
2018-01-091
2018-01-181
2018-01-261
2018-08-021
2017-01-041
2017-01-051
2017-01-181
2017-01-211
2017-04-041
2017-05-051
2017-05-161
2017-06-031
2017-06-151
2017-07-033
2017-07-053
2017-09-081
2017-11-222
2017-11-271
2016-02-094
2016-03-214
2016-05-031
2016-05-102
2016-06-081
2016-06-301
2016-07-051
2016-07-071
2016-07-111
2016-07-121
2016-07-201
2016-07-211
2016-07-262
2016-08-291
2016-08-311
2016-09-021
2016-10-261
2016-12-141
2015-09-111
2014-10-071
2013-11-131
2011-03-081
2010-04-281
2010-11-251
Ascension of Jesus1
Crucifixion of Jesus2
Evangelist Portrait2
Holy Women at Tomb1
Tempietto2
bearded1
beardless1
Empty Cross2
First Solomonic Style2
gesture1
gesture of blessing1
halo1
interlace2
mandorla1
Short Cycle2
Sun and Moon2
Tetramorph1
Two Thieves2
arch2
architecture2
bird2
censer1
codex1
column2
cross2
curtain2
eucharist1
scroll1
shield1
spear1
sponge1
sword1
vestment1
Gondarine2
Modern Period1
Postaksumite II2
Zamana Masāfǝnt1
angel1
Golden Gospel1
Apocrypha2
Bible4
Christian Literature8
Chronicles2
Chronography1
Commentary1
Hagiography2
History and Historiography3
Monastic Literature1
New Testament3
Old Testament2
Poetry3
Translation2
Amharic3
Arabic1
English11
Gǝʿǝz 12
Greek 1
Manuscripts
Angel⇨Lion⇨Eagle⇨Ox1
arches2
beard1
belt1
birds1
birds2
building2
circular mandorla1
columns2
cross-topped1
cross2
cruciform frame1
curtained2
dome1
Empty Cross1
globe1
interlace2
lintel2
nimbed1
orans pose1
pointed hat1
rectangular frame1
rod1
shawl1
standing1
Sun and Moon1
Tetramorph1
three crosses1
trilobe frame1
trilobe frame1
tunic1
two columns2
Two Thieves2
Ascension of Jesus1
Crucifixion of Jesus2
Evangelist Portrait1
Holy Women at Tomb1
Tempietto2
leather4
metal1
textile1
wood5
Additional1
EMIP1
Ethio-SPaRe2
Fonds éthiopien1
Manuscrits orientaux1
Oriental2
27
31
complete6
incomplete5
deficient2
good4
ʾAbušākǝr1
Apocalypse of Ezra1
ʾAragāwi manfasāwi1
Book of Esther1
Book of Ezekiel - Eth II1
Book of Isaiah1
Book of Judith1
Book of Nehemiah1
Books of Jeremiah1
Catholic Epistles1
Daniel, Book of1
Daqiqa nabiyāt1
Ecclesiastes1
Four Gospels2
Gǝbra ḥawāryāt1
Introduction to the Catholic Epistles1
Introduction to the Pauline Epistles1
Pauline Epistles1
Revelation of John1
Taʾāmmǝra Māryām "Miracles of Mary"1
Tables for finding the age of the moon.1
Tǝrgʷāme ʾaʿnāqʷ1
Tobit, Book of1
14501
16671
16991
17001
19501
13501
14001
16002
16331
19001
1301
651
Sayfa ʾArʿad1
Codex6
Leaf1
Scroll1
11.131
12.51
162.51
18.51
2931
2952
no11
yes3
paper1
parchment7
09
121
21
241
51
81
013
31
010
12
21
91
08
14
21
41
013
181
014
07
101
1071
11
161
221
291
471
106.01
11
118+11
123+11
2+1971
2071
263.01
41
861
no14
Bibliothèque nationale de France1
British Library3
Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project1
Nǝḥbi Qǝddus Mikāʾel1
ʿUrā Qirqos1
1A-1A-1A1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C1
1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C2
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C.2
Zarʾa ʾAbrǝhām1
Ethiopic6
only metadata6
some text present8
bindingMaterial5
Boards1
Cover1
drawing1
Endbands2
frame1
miniature3
Other2
SewingStations1
CalendaricNote1
CommemorativeNote1
Condemnation1
Directive1
DonationNote1
Excerpt1
Exhortation1
Gloss1
GuestText2
Inventory1
LandGrant1
OwnershipNote2
Record3
RecordTransaction1
Unclear2
findingAid2
StampExlibris1
11.51
151
1841
2001
2251
8.81
9.881
231
251
271
27 291
40 411
42 491
Textual and Narrative Units
only metadata6
some text present8
Places and Repositories
Persons and Groups
12991
14502
15971
16671
16991
17001
17951
18671
18681
12001
13002
14001
15631
16002
16331
17001
17901
18471
13501
13811
14091
14241
15121
15141
ethnic3
n/a14
individual14

There are 14 entities matching your text query for "ፀጋም" with the parameters shown at the right. (searched: ፀጋም)

Search time: 0.291 seconds.
mode: nonesearchType: text
    title
    hits count
    first three keywords in context
    item-type specific options
    stubmanuscriptsESnsm007TEI
    Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, Nǝḥbi Qǝddus Mikāʾel, NSM-007
    1 in ab
    Signatures
    NSM-007
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 106.0 leaves. It has 7 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: First half of the 20th cent.(?). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.

    ... ሰበ፡ ታሰትዮ፡ እመ፡ አኮ፡ መንገለ፡ የማን፡ አው፡ መንገለ፡ ፀጋም፡ ወበእንተ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ፈረህየ፡ እምኒከ፡ ኮንኩ፡ አመ...

    in element ab within a div, at 17
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESum027TEI
    Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, ʿUrā Qirqos, UM-027
    1 in foreign
    Signatures
    UM-027
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 263.0 leaves. It has 16 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Mid-14th - mid-15th cent.(?) The earliest king mentioned in Additio 2 is Sayfa ʾĀrʿad (r. 1344-71), but the note may be posterior to his time. Other Additiones mention King Baʾǝda Māryām (r. 1468-78) and King Lǝbna Dǝngǝl (r. 1508-40).. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.

    ፈያታይ፡ ፀጋም፡

    in element foreign within a decoNote, with id d4
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubworksLIT1700JudgesTEI
    Book of Judges
    CAe 1700Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
    2 in t:l
    Witnesses

      ... ወሶበ ፡ ተንሥአ ፡ አልዐለ ፡ ናኦድ ፡ እዴሁ ፡ እንተ ፡ ፀጋም ፡ ወመልኀ ፡ መጥባሕቶ ፡ እምነ ፡ ገቦሁ ፡ ዘየማን ፡ ...

      in element t:l within a t:l, at 3

      ወበእዴሃ ፡ እንተ ፡ ፀጋም ፡ ተመጠወት ፡ መትከለ ፡ ወበየማና ፡ ጐድአት ፡ ወቀተለቶ ፡ ለሲ...

      in element t:l within a t:l, at 5
      comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

      List of computed witnesses

        stubworksLIT4275ChronAmdSTEI
        Chronicle of ʿAmda Ṣǝyon
        CAe 4275Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
        4 in ab
        Witnesses
          Abstract
          Account of campaigns of ʿAmda Ṣǝyon I against the Muslims of South-East Ethiopia. According to , originally it was not a real historical work, but a homily to read in the church, with a propagandist purpose.

          ...ጐዣም፡ እንተ፡ የማን፡ ወእንተ፡ ፀጋም፡ ምስለ፡ ሊቃውንቲሆሙ፡ ዋድላይ፡ ...

          in element ab within a div, at 383

          ... በድል፡ ወበዝ፡ ወኃምስ፡ ቅድመይ፡ ወንጉሥሂ፡ ቦአ፡ እንተ፡ ፀጋም፡ ኀበ፡ ሀሎ፡ ብዝኆሙ፡ ለዕልዋን ...

          in element ab within a div, at 456

          ወበሳኒታ፡ ፈነወ፡ ሰራዊቶ፡ እንተ፡ የማን፡ ወእንተ፡ ፀጋም፡ ወአጥፍእዋ፡ ለሀገረ፡ ዛሳይ፡ ወቀተሉ፡ ሰብአ፡ ብዙኀ፡ ወማህረኩ፡ እ...

          in element ab within a div, at 577
          comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

          List of computed witnesses

          stubworksLIT3122GalawTEI
          Chronicle of Galāwdewos
          CAe 3122Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
          1 in t:ab
          Author attributions
          Witnesses
            Abstract

            ...ሑረተ፡6 የማናዊ፡ 7ወኢኮነ፡8 ፀጋማዊ፡9 እስመ፡ ፍናዋተ፡10 ፀጋም፡11 ጠዋያት፡12 እማንቱ፡ ...

            in element t:ab within a t:div, at 174
            comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

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            stubworksLIT1546GenesiTEI
            Genesis
            CAe 1546Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
            2 in t:l
            Witnesses

              ... ፡ እኁሁ ፡ ወእዴሁ ፡ እንተ ፡ ፀጋም ፡ ወደያ ፡ ውስተ ፡ ርእሰ ፡ ምናሴ ፡ ወአስተኀለፈ ፡ ...

              in element t:l within a t:l, at 48

              ...፡ ርእሰ ፡ ኤፍሬም ፡ ወእንተ ፡ ፀጋም ፡ ላዕለ ፡ ርእሰ ፡ ምናሴ ፤

              in element t:l within a t:l, at 48
              comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

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                stubworksLIT1793LevitiTEI
                Leviticus
                CAe 1793Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
                2 in t:l
                Witnesses

                  ... ዘውስተ ፡ ግምዔ ፡ ወይሰውጥ ፡ ውስተ ፡ እዴሁ ፡ እንተ ፡ ፀጋም ።

                  in element t:l within a t:l, at 14

                  ...ወ ፡ ውስተ ፡ እዴሁ ፡ እንተ ፡ ፀጋም ፡ ወይነዝኅ ፡ እምውእቱ ፡ ቅብእ ፡ ስብዕ ፡ ቅድመ ፡ ...

                  in element t:l within a t:l, at 14
                  comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

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                    stubmanuscriptsBLadd24991TEI
                    London, British Library, BL Additional 24991
                    1 in q
                    Signatures
                    BL Additional 24991, Wright cat. XIV, Wright 14
                    Short Description
                    This parchment codex is composed of 86 leaves. It has 27 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There are The description does not include a collation of the quires.

                    ውሉደ፡ ያፌት፡ ፲ወ፭ነገድ፡ ወመክፈልቶሙ፡ ኮነ፡ ምድረ፡ ፀጋም፡ ወመንፈቀ፡ ምዕራብ፡

                    in element q within a item, with id a3
                    placespersonsrelations

                    List of related persons

                    stubmanuscriptsBLorient529TEI
                    London, British Library, BL Oriental 529
                    Link to images
                    1 in title
                    Signatures
                    BL Oriental 529, Wright cat. LIV, Wright 54
                    Short Description
                    This parchment codex is composed of 2+197 leaves. It has 85 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1600-1699 (dating on palaeographic grounds). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description does not include a collation of the quires.

                    ...በ፡ ተስእሎ፡ ፩እኅው፡ ሶበ፡ ርእዮ፡ እንዘ፡ ይጼሊ፡ መንገለ፡ ፀጋም።

                    in element title within a msItem, with id ms_i8.21
                    placespersonsrelations

                    List of related persons

                    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

                    stubmanuscriptsBLorient809TEI
                    London, British Library, BL Oriental 809
                    Link to images
                    1 in q
                    Signatures
                    BL Oriental 809, Wright cat. CCCLXXXIII, Wright 383
                    Short Description
                    This parchment codex is composed of 123+1 1 4 118+1 leaves. It has 46 main content units in 3 codicological units. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.

                    ውሉደ፡ ያፌት፡ ፲ወ፭ ነገድ፡ ወመክፈልቶሙ፡ ኮነ፡ ምድረ፡ ፀጋም፡ ወመንፈቀ፡ ...

                    in element q within a item, with id a3
                    placespersonsrelations

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                    stubworksLIT2818RepCh102TEI
                    Malkǝʾ-hymn to the martyrs of ʾAkmim
                    CAe 2818Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
                    1 in t:l
                    Abstract
                    tarafa malk of

                    በየማነ፡ መንግሥት፡ ትቁሙ፡ እምነ፡ ፀጋም፨

                    in element t:l within a t:l
                    comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

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                      stubworksLIT2953RepCh234TEI
                      Malkəʾa Śəqāyu la-Samāʿtāta ʾAkmim
                      CAe 2953Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
                      1 in t:l

                      በየማነ፡ መንግሥት፡ ትቁሙ፡ እምነ፡ ፀጋም፨

                      in element t:l within a t:l, at tarafa-malke
                      comparemap of msscollateplacespersonsrelations

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                        stubmanuscriptsBNFet32TEI
                        Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, BnF Éthiopien 32
                        1 in foreign
                        Signatures
                        BnF Éthiopien 32, Éth. 22, Saint-Germain 18
                        Short Description
                        This parchment codex is composed of 207 leaves. It has 11 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: After 1400 (dating on palaeographic grounds). There are The description does not include a collation of the quires.

                        ፈያታይ፡ ፀጋም፡

                        in element foreign within a decoNote, with id d4
                        placespersonsrelations

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                        stubmanuscriptsEMIPms00486TEI
                        Portland, Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project, Tweed MS 18
                        1 in ab
                        Signatures
                        Tweed MS 18
                        Short Description
                        This parchment scroll is composed of leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. The description does not include a collation of the quires.

                        ... አጋንንት፡ በማእከለ፡ ሕልቀት፡ አፃብእ፡ ፀጋም፡ ቀሐሹን፡ ያ(ወ)ሽን፡ አሕልቀተ፡ አባብእ፡...

                        in element ab within a div, at 5
                        placespersonsrelations

                        List of related persons

                        No persons related to this manuscripts are known.