✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

Explore this page
Do you want to notify us of an error, please do so by writing an issue in our GitHub repository (click the envelope for a precomiled one).
On small screens, will show a navigation bar on the leftOpen Item Navigation
Edit Not sure how to do this? Have a look at the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines!
Hide pointersClick here to hide or show again the little arrows and small left pointing hands in this page.
Hide relatedClick here to hide or show again the right side of the content area, where related items and keywords are shown.
EntryMain Entry
TEI/XMLDownload an enriched TEI file with explicit URIs bibliography from Zotero API.
SyntaxeSee graphs of the information available. If the manuscript contains relevant information, then you will see visualizations based on La Syntaxe du Codex, by Andrist, Canart and Maniaci.
RelationsFurther visualization of relational information
TranscriptionTranscription (as available). Do you have a transcription you want to contribute? Contact us or click on EDIT and submit your contribution.
ImagesManuscript images in the Mirador viewer via IIIF

Paris, Bibliothèque nationale de France, BnF Éthiopien d'Abbadie 191

Denis Nosnitsin (cataloguer)

This manuscript description is based on the catalogues listed in the catalogue bibliography

Stub
https://betamasaheft.eu/BNFabb191
Bibliothèque nationale de France[view repository]

Collection: Manuscrits orientaux, Fonds éthiopien, d'Abbadie

Places IndexPersons IndexGeneralDescriptionPhysical DescriptionCatalogueAuthors

General description

Commentaries in Gǝʿǝz on the Gospel of Matthew, Luke, and John

Number of Text units: 3

Number of Codicological units: 1

For a table of all relations from and to this record, please go to the Relations view. In the Relations boxes on the right of this page, you can also find all available relations grouped by name.

Origin

1647 According to Colophon 1, at least a part of the manuscript can be dated to 1647 CE (=1328 according to the Era of Alexander the Great). In the present condition of the manuscript, it is difficult to establish whether the parts corresponding to ms_i1.1 not found in this file, Content Item 1.2 Commentary on the Gospel of Luke (CAe 2456 Matthew) and Content Item 1.3 Commentary on the Gospel of John (CAe 2456 John) were conceived as one manuscript and one unit of circulation, and not as two or even three (of what the blank leaves in the midst of the volume might be suggestive).

Acquisition

The manuscript entered the Bibliothèque nationale de France↗ in 1902.

Summary

  1. ms_i1 (check the viewerFols 1ra–137va ), Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew
  2. ms_i1.2 (check the viewerFols 138ra–183ra ), Commentary on the Gospel of Luke
  3. ms_i1.3 (check the viewerFols 184ra–228rb ), Commentary on the Gospel of John

Contents

check the viewerFols 1ra–137va Commentary on the Gospel of Matthew (CAe 2456 Matthew)

Language of text:

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):መጽሐፈ፡ ልደቱ፡ ለኢየሱስ፡ ይቤ፡ መተርጕም፡ እስመ፡ የሐትቱ፡ መተርጕማን፡ በእንተ፡ ዝንቱ፡ ክፍል፡ ሐተታ፡ ብዙኃ፨

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ):ዛቲ፡ መጽሐፍ፡ አንሰ፡ ነዳይ፡ ነበብኩ፡ በእንተ፡ ፍቅር፡ መንፈሳዊት፡ ክርስቶሳዊት፡ ሥርዓተ፡ ተግሣጽ፡ ቤተ፡ ክርስቲያናዊት፨

Colophon

check the viewerFols 136va–137rb

ተፈጸመ፡ ብስራተ፡ ማቴዎስ፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ዘጸሐፋ፡ በልሳነ፡ ዕብራውያን፡ በሀገረ፡ ፍልስጤም፨ ወዘኀብሩ፡ ቦቱ፡ ፬ወንጌላውያን፨ ወይእቲ፡ ፲ወ፪ምዕራፍ፡ በሱርስት፡ ወበሮማይስጥ፡ ፷ወ፯፡ ምዕራፍ፡ ወቃላቲሃሰ፡ ፵፻ወ፬፻፡᎓፺ወ፱ቃላት፡ ሱረስታዊ፨ ወዝኬ፡ ውእቱ፡ ትርጓሜ፡ አረጋዊ፡ ቀሲስ፡ ትሩፍ፡ ገብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ አባ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ አፈ፡ ወርቅ፡ ምሥራቃዊ፨ ወፈለሰት፡ ዛቲ፡ እምልሳነ፡ ሱርስት፡ ኃበ፡ ልሳነ፡ አረቢ፡ በከመ፡ ዘከረ፡ ለሊሁ፨ ዛቲሰ፡ ፍካሬ፡ ጽሪት፡ ወንጥፍት፡ ወፍትንት፡ እንተ፡ ይእቲ፡ ፍ[c. 12 chars lost]ommission by ዝኩር፡ እምኵሎን፡ ፍካሬያት፡ [c. 5 chars lost]ommission by ይእቲ፡ ወተጽሕፈት፡ ዛቲ፡ መጽሐፍ፡ በ፲፻ወ፫፻፳ወ፰፡ እምዓመተ፡ እስክንድር፡ ዮናናዊ፡ ዘስዕ+ + +ommission by ለአመተ፡ ተብነላት፡ በ፬፻፡ ዓመት፨

The colophon mentions the date 1328 according to the Era of Alexander the Greek (=1647 CE?).

check the viewerFols 138ra–183ra Commentary on the Gospel of Luke (CAe 2456 Matthew)

Language of text: and Amharic

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):በስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፈጣሪ፡ ሕያው፡ ነባቢ፡ ብስራተ፡ ሉቃስ፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ላእክ። ይቤሉቃስ፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ክቡር፡ እስመ፡ ብዙኃን፡ እለ፡ አኀዙ፡ ይውጥኑ፡ ወይብግሩ፡ ወይምሀሩ፡

Colophon

check the viewerFols 182ra–183va

ተፈጸመ፡ ብስራተ፡ ሉቃስ፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ትሩፍ፡ ፩እም፸ወ፪አርድእት፡ ጸሎቱ፡ ትዕቀበነ፡ ለዓለም፡ (!) sic by Denis Nosnitsin ዓለም፡ አሜን፨ (…)ommission by Denis Nosnitsin

check the viewerFols 184ra–228rb Commentary on the Gospel of John (CAe 2456 John)

Language of text: and Amharic

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):በስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ፈጣሪ፡ ሕያው፡ ቀዳማዊ፡ ዘሀሎ፡ ወይሄሉ፡ እስከ፡ ለዓለም፡ ንወጥን፡ እንከ፡ ብስራተ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ ወንጌላዊ። ይቤ፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ክቡር፡ ነባቤ፡ መለኮት፨ በቀዳሚ፡ ኮነ፡ ቃል፡ ህልወ። ትርጓሜ። እስመ፡ ይትኃሠሡ፡ መተርጕማን፡ በዝንቱ፡ ክፍል፡ ተኃሠሦተ፡ ብዙኃ።

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ):ወአንትሙሰ፡ ተኀዘኑ፡ ወባሕቱ፡ ይደልወኒ፡ እምትር፡ ቃለ፡ ተናገሮ፡ በዝየ፡ በእንተ፡ ትርጓሜL ብስራተ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ ወንጌላዊ፡ ሐዋርያ፡ ቡሩክ፡ ነባቤ፡ መለኮት። ወንሕነኒ፡ ንስአሎ፡ ወናስተብቍዕ፡ እምኔሁ፡ ለዘ፡ ያነብባ፡ (…)ommission by Denis Nosnitsin

Colophon

check the viewerFol. 228rb

ተፈጸመ፡ ብስራተ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ ወንጌላዊ፡ ፈጻሜ፡ ብስራት፡ ዘነበበ፡ በልሳነ፡ ዮናናዊያን፡ በሀገረ፡ ኤፌሶን፡ ለሊሁ፡ ፳ምዕራፍ፡ ወቃላቲሁሰ፡ ፳፻ወ፭፻፴ወ፪፡ ወባቲ፡ ተፈጸመ፡ ቃላተ፡ ወንጌላት፡(…)ommission by Denis Nosnitsin

Additions In this unit there are in total 3 s, 4 s, 1 .

    Extras

    1. (Type: StampExlibris)

      Shelf-mark of the Library on the inner side of the front board.

    2. check the viewerFol. iir (Type: StampExlibris)

      Possibly an old shelfmark (no. 24), the current valid shelfmark (191) and the title in Ethiopic.

    3. check the viewerFols. 1r,, 228r (Type: StampExlibris)

      Stamp of the Library.

    4. check the viewerFol. 90v (Type: Unclear)

      A personal name, possibly that of a scribe, in the bottom margin between two dashed lines; the name repeated another time, in an inferior hand.

      ( gez ) አምላካዊ

    5. check the viewerFols. 114v, (Type: Unclear)

      One word written in the bottom margin, between two thin black lines.

      ( gez ) ወአስተላ፡

    6. check the viewerFols. 136v, (Type: Comment)

      A short comment in the upper margin, in tiny script.

      ( gez ) ወንጌል፡ ብሂል፡ ኪዳን፡

    7. check the viewerFol. 228rb (Type: Unclear)

      A short erased note.

    8. check the viewerFol. 228vb (Type: Unclear)

      A short erased note.

    Catalogue Bibliography

    • Conti Rossini, C. 1914. Notice sur les manuscrits éthiopiens de la Collection d’Abbadie, Extrait du Journal Asiatique (Paris: Imprimerie nationale, 1914). page 108, number 65
      ZoteroOther citations
    • Chaîne, M. 1912. Catalogue des manuscrits éthiopiens de la Collection Antoine d’Abbadie (Paris: Imprimerie nationale–Ernest Leroux, éditeur, 1912). page 114-115, number 191
      ZoteroOther citations
    • Abbadie, A. d’ 1859. Catalogue raisonné de manuscrits éthiopiens appartenant à Antoine d’Abbadie (Paris: Imprimerie impériale, 1859). page 190, number 191
      ZoteroOther citations

      • Secondary Bibliography

      • Cowley, R. W. 1988. Ethiopian Biblical Interpretation: A Study in Exegetical Tradition and Hermeneutics, University of Cambridge Oriental Publications, 38 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988). page 445
        ZoteroOther citations
      • Uhlig, S. 1988. Äthiopische Paläographie, Äthiopistische Forschungen, 22 (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner Verlag GmbH, 1988). page 233-234
        ZoteroOther citations

    Physical Description

    Form of support

    Parchment Codex

    The manuscript is a palimpsest. Many of the parchment leaves are reused, and bear remains of a text in Gǝʿǝz which was removed (washed out). The remains of the lower text can be seen on many leaves, especially on check the viewerfols. 87v, 130 , but also on check the viewerfols. 1v, 2v, 3, 4, 117, 119, 120, 121, 124, 126, 191, 192, 193, 194, 196, 199 and many others. The lower text is written in a much older hand (15th century?); on check the viewerfol. 117r , a metropolitan Yoḥannǝs is mentioned, who might be, according to C. Conti Rossini, the 15th-century Metropolitan Yoḥannǝs, the author of the Homily in honour of Garimā .

    Extent

    228 (leaf) , Entered as 228 (leaf, blank) .Entered as 310 250 300 240 Leaf dimensions for check the viewerfols 1–137 , according to M. Chaîne. In their catalogues of C. Conti Rossini and of M. Chaîne disagree on the dimensions of the leaves (the information cannot be checked on the basis of the available images). 300 220 Leaf dimensions for check the viewerfols 138–228 , according to M. Chaîne.
    Outer dimensions
    Height 310mm
    Width 250mm
    Leaf dimensions
    Height 300mm
    Width 240mm
    Leaf dimensions
    Height 300mm
    Width 220mm

    Foliation

    Foliation in the upper right corner of the folia. The first two parchment leaves are not foliated (assigned the numbers check the viewerfols. i, ii ).

    Quire Structure Collation

    State of preservation

    deficient

    Condition

    The original binding is missing; all quires are dismantled, the folia are mounted upon guards. The leaves are partly trimmed.

    Binding

    European binding; quires are held together with tackets.

    Binding material

    cardboard

    paper

    Original binding

    No

    Layout

    Layout note 1(check the viewerFols 1r–137v )

    Number of columns: 3

    Number of lines: 36

    Data on the number of lines according to M. Chaîne.

    Layout note 1(check the viewerFols 138r–183v )

    Number of columns: 3

    Number of lines: 31

    Data on the number of lines according to M. Chaîne.

    Layout note 1(check the viewerFols 184r–228v )

    Number of columns: 2

    Number of lines: 31

    Data on the number of lines according to M. Chaîne.
    Ruling
    Pricking
    • Pricking is visible on the images.
    • Pricking is visible.
    • Pricking and ruling are visible.

    Palaeography

  1. Hand 1

    Script: Ethiopic

    Second half of the 16th/first half of the 17th century script.

    Ink: Black, red.

    Fine, careful and regular; by a good scribe who wrote in small script. It cannot be excluded that more than one scribe participated in copying.

    2. Publication Statement

    authority
    Hiob-Ludolf-Zentrum für Äthiopistik
    pubPlace
    Hamburg
    publisher
    Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft
    availability

    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.

    t:date
    type=expanded
    6.3.2024 at 10:58:27
    t:date
    type=lastModified
    20.2.2024
    idno
    type=collection
    manuscripts
    idno
    type=url
    https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/BNFabb191/main
    idno
    type=URI
    https://betamasaheft.eu/BNFabb191
    idno
    type=filename
    BNFabb191.xml
    idno
    type=ID
    BNFabb191

    Encoding Description

    Encoded according to TEI P5 Guidelines.

    Encoded according to the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines. These Guidelines detail the TEI format ruled by the Beta maṣāḥǝft Schema. The present TEI file is enriched with an Xquery transformation taking advantage of the exist-db database instance where the data is stored and of the many external resources to which this data points to.

    Definitions of prefixes used.

    Select one of the keywords listed from the record to see related data

    No keyword selected.
    This page contains RDFa. RDF+XML graph of this resource. Alternate representations available via VoID.
    Permalinks
    Hypothes.is public annotations pointing here

    Use the tag BetMas:BNFabb191 in your public hypothes.is annotations which refer to this entity.

    Suggested Citation of this record

    To cite a precise version, please, click on load permalinks and to the desired version (see documentation on permalinks), then import the metadata or copy the below, with the correct link.

    Denis Nosnitsin, Alessandro Bausi, ʻParis, Bibliothèque nationale de France, BnF Éthiopien d'Abbadie 191ʼ, in Alessandro Bausi, ed., Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft (Last Modified: 2024-02-20) https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/BNFabb191 [Accessed: 2024-05-16]

    Revisions of the data

    • Denis Nosnitsin Record created and edited on the basis of the images on 20.2.2024

    Attributions of the contents

    Alessandro Bausi, general editor

    Denis Nosnitsin, editor

    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.