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Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 123

Ashlee Benson, Jonah Sandford, Ralph Lee

Tweed Collection, EMIP

Work in Progress
https://betamasaheft.eu/EMIP02072
Tweed[view repository]

Collection: Tweed Collection

Other identifiers: EMIP 2072

General description

Tweed Codex 123

Number of Text units: 20

Number of Codicological units: 1

For a table of all relations from and to this record, please go to the Relations view. In the Relations boxes on the right of this page, you can also find all available relations grouped by name.

Origin

Late-nineteenth/early-twentieth century

Summary

Prayer to Jesus Christ, “For the sake of Your Trinity,” በእንተ፡ ሥላሴከ።; Theological Treatise called Fruit of the Faith, ፍሬ፡ ሃይማኖት፡; Theological Treatise on the Incarnation of Jesus Christ, in Amharic and Gǝ‘ǝz; Beauty of Creation, ሥነ፡ ፍጥረት።; Five Pillars of Mystery, አምስቱ፡ አዕማደ፡ ምሥጢር፡; List of Heretics, አስማቲሆሙ፡ ለመናፍቃን፡; Commentary on the Daily Prayer, in Amharic, ትርጓሜ: ጸሎት: ዘዘወትር:; Commentary on Our Father, in Amharic, የአቡነ፡ ዘበሰማያት፡ ትርጓሜ፡; Hymn to the Trinity, “Praise to You,” ግናይ፡ ለክሙ።.
  1. ms_i1 (Fols iir(ecto)–iiir(ecto) ), Baʾǝnta śǝllāseka
  2. ms_i2 (Fols 1r–5v

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    ), Theological Treatise called Fruit of the Faith,
  3. ms_i3 (Fols 5v–10v

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    ), A Theological Treatise on the Incarnation of Jesus Christ, in Amharic and Gǝ‘ǝz
  4. ms_i4 (Fols 11r–49v

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    ), Śǝna fǝṭrat (General record)
    1. ms_i4.1 (Fols 11r–13v

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      ), Introduction
    2. ms_i4.2 (Fols 13v–21r

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      ), For Sunday
    3. ms_i4.3 (Fols 21r–23r

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      ), For Monday
    4. ms_i4.4 (Fols 23r–30v

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      ), For Tuesday
    5. ms_i4.5 (Fols 30v–37v

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      ), For Wednesday
    6. ms_i4.6 (Fols 37v–38v

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      ), For Thursday
    7. ms_i4.7 (Fols 38v–49v

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      ), For Friday
  5. ms_i5 (Fols 50r–79r

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    ), ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir
    1. ms_i5.1 (Fols 50r–61r

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      ), ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir, Mystery of the Trinity (ምሥጢረ፡ ሥላሴ፡)
    2. ms_i5.2 (Fols 61r–76r

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      ), ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir, Mystery of the Incarnation (ምሥጢረ፡ ሥጋዌ፡)
    3. ms_i5.3 (Fols 76r–78r

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      ), ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir, Mystery of the Eucharist (ምሥጢረ፡ ቍርባን፡)
    4. ms_i5.4 (Fols 78r–79r

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      ), ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir, Mystery ofthe Resurrection (ምሥጢረ፡ ትንሣኤ፡)
  6. ms_i6 (Fols 79r–80v

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    ), List of the Heretics,
  7. ms_i7 (Fols 80v–84r

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    ), Commentary on the Daily Prayer, in Amharic,
  8. ms_i8 (Fols 80v–86v

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    ), Commentary on Our Father, in Amharic,
  9. ms_i9 (Fols 87v–88r

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    ), Hymn to the Trinity, “Praise to You,”

Contents


Fols iir(ecto)–iiir(ecto) Baʾǝnta śǝllāseka (CAe 1191)

Language of text:

Prayer to Jesus Christ, “For the sake of Your Trinity,” በእንተ፡ ‎‎ሥላሴከ።‎

Fols 1r–5v

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Theological Treatise called Fruit of the Faith, ፍሬ፡ ሃይማኖት፡

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎ወዝውእቱ፡ ፍሬ፡ ሃይማኖትየ፡ አአምን፡ በ፩እግዚአብሔር፡ ዘህልው፡ ‎‎እምቅድመ፡ ዓለም፡ ወአዝማን፡ ወአልቦቱ፡ ጥንት። ወኢተፍጻሜት፡ ወላዲ፡ ‎‎ዘኢተወልደ፡ ዘይመእ፡ በኵለሄ፡‎

Language of text:


Fols 5v–10v

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A Theological Treatise on the Incarnation of Jesus Christ, in Amharic and Gǝ‘ǝz

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎እምቄርሎስ፡ ሊቀ፡ ጳጳሳት፡ ዘእስክ[ን]ድርያ፡ ፩ እም፻ ሊቃነ፡ ጳጳ[ሳ]ት፡ ‎‎ዘነበሩ፡ ዲበ፡ መንበረ፡ ማርቆስ፡ ወንጌላዊ፡ ሐዋርያ። ትብፃሕ፡ ኀበ፡ ‎‎ካህናት፡ ወኀበ፡ ኵሎሙ፡ ቅዱሳን፡ ወመምሕራን፡ ወሊቃውንተ፡ ቤተ፡ ‎‎ክርስቲያን፡‎. . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 11r–49v

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Śǝna fǝṭrat (General record) (CAe 2314)

Language of text:


Fols 11r–13v

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Introduction

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):በስመ፡ አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ . . . . .ommission by ‎ንወጥን፡ በረድኤተ፡ ኤግዚአብሔር፡ ጽሒፈ፡ ስነ፡ ፍጥረት፡ ይኵነነ፡ ‎‎መድኃኒተ፡ ሥጋ፡ ወነፍስ፡‎ . . . . .ommission by ‎እግዚአብሔር፡ እምቅድመ፡ ዓለም፡ በአንድነት፡ በሶስትነት፡ ይኖር፡ ‎‎ነበር፡ አንድነቱ፡ ሶስትነቱን፡ ሳይጠቀልለው፡ ሶስትነቱን፡ አንድነቱ፡ ‎‎ሳይከፍለው፡ ሥሉስ፡ ዘኢ[ይ]ሴደቅ፡ ዋህድ፡ ዘኢይትነፈቅ፡ እንዳለ፡‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 13v–21r

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For Sunday

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎ይኸውም፡ በመጋቢት፡ በ፳ወ፱ ቀን፡ በዕለተ፡ እሁድ፡ በቀዳማይ፡ ‎‎ሰአተ፡ ሌሊት፡ ፬ቱን ባሕርያት፡ ካለመኖር፡ ወደመኖር፡ አምጥቶ፡ ‎‎ፈጠረ፡‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 21r–23r

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For Monday

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎በዕለተ፡ ሠኑይ፡ በቀዳማይ፡ ሰዓተ፡ ሌሊት፡ ለይኵን፡ ጠፈር፡ ማዕከለ፡ ‎‎ሰማይ፡ ወምድር፡ ብሎ፡ ከዚህ፡ እስከ፡ ብሩህ፡ ሰማይ፡ የመላውን፡ ‎‎ወሀ፡ በሶስት፡ ከፍሎ፡ ለየው።‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 23r–30v

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For Tuesday

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎በዕለተ፡ ሠሉስ፡ በቀዳማይ፡ ሰዓተ፡ ሌሊት፡ ዘጸፍኦ፡ ለጽልመት፡ ‎‎እንዳለ፡ ጨለማን፡ ጥቁርን፡ መሬት፡ ለይቶ፡ አውርዶ፡ እታች፡ ‎‎አነጸፈው፡‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 30v–37v

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For Wednesday

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎በዕለተ፡ ረቡዕ፡ በቀዳማይ፡ ሰዓተ፡ ሌሊት፡ ለይኵኑ፡ ብርሃናት፡ ‎‎ማዕከለ፡ ሰማይ፡ ብሎ፡ ጨረቃን፡ ከዋክብትን፡ ፈጠረ፡ ሰሌዳቸውን፡ ‎‎ከወሀ፡ ከነፋስ፡ አድርጎ፡‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 37v–38v

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For Thursday

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎በዕለተ፡ ሐሙስ፡ ለታውጽእ፡ ምድር፡ ዘመደ፡ እንስሳ፡ ወአዕዋፈ፡ ‎‎ሰማይ፡ ወዘይሰርር፡ ዘቦ፡ መንፈሰ፡ ሕይወት፡ ብሎ፡ አዕምሮ፡ ‎‎ያላቸው፡ ፫ቱን፡ ፍጥረታትን፡ ከባሕር፡ ፈጠረ፡ በረው፡ የወጡም፡ ‎‎አሉ።‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 38v–49v

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For Friday

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎በዕለተ፡ ዓርብ፡ ለታውጽእ፡ ምድር፡ የብሰ፡ ዘመደ፡ እንስሳ፡ ‎‎ወአዕዋፈ፡ ሰማይ። ወዘይሰርር፡ ዘቦመንፈሰ፡ ሕይወት፡ ብሎ፡ ሐሙስ፡ ‎‎እንደ፡ ፈጠረው፡ ያሉ፡ ሶስቱ፡ ፍጥረታት፡ ከየብስ፡ ፈጠረ።‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 50r–79r

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ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir (CAe 1097)

Language of text:


Fols 50r–61r

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ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir, Mystery of the Trinity (ምሥጢረ፡ ሥላሴ፡) (CAe 1097 Trinity)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎በማን፡ ታምናለህ፡ በእግዚአብሔር፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ስንትነው፡ ‎‎አንድም፡ ነው፡ ሶስትም፡ ነው፡ ሶስትነቱ፡ በምንነው፡ በአካል፡ በስም፡ ‎‎በግብር፡ አካል፡ ማለት፡ ምን፡ ማለት፡ ነው፡ ቁመት፡ ማለት፡ ነው፡ ‎‎የእግዚአብሔር፡ ቁመቱ፡‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 61r–76r

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ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir, Mystery of the Incarnation (ምሥጢረ፡ ሥጋዌ፡) (CAe 1097 Incarnation)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎ከ፫ቱ፡ አካላት፡ ሥጋን፡ ሥጋ፡ ለበሰ፡ አካለ፡ ወልድ፡ ምነው፡ አንሶን፡ ‎‎እጻንወጥበት፡ አይዶለውም፡ ፩ወጽበት፡ አይዶለውም፡ አብ፡ ሥጋ፡ ‎‎ቢለብስ፡ አብም፡ ወልድም፡ ይባል፡‎. . . . .ommission by

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Fols 76r–78r

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ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir, Mystery of the Eucharist (ምሥጢረ፡ ቍርባን፡) (CAe 1097 Eucharist)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):. . . . .ommission by ‎ሥጋ፡ የለበሰ፡ ወልድ፡ እንጂ፡ ነው፡ የወልድን፡ ሥጋ፡ እበላለሁ፡ ‎‎ወልድን፡ ቀድሞ፡ ዓረገ፡ አላልኽም፡ ሥጋውንት፡ ጥሎ፡ ዓረገ፡ ‎‎ዳግመኛን፡ ይመፃል፡ አይዶለውም፡‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 78r–79r

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ʾAmmǝstu ʾaʿǝmāda mǝśṭir, Mystery ofthe Resurrection (ምሥጢረ፡ ትንሣኤ፡) (CAe 1097 Resurrection)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):. . . . .ommission by ‎ከሞትህ፡ ከፈረስህ፡ ከበሰበስህ፡ እንዴት፡ ትነሣለህ፡ ይኸሳ፡ እህል፡ ‎‎ቢዘሩት፡ ፈርሶ፡ በስብሶ፡ አካል፡ ገዝቶ፡ የጥንት፡ ልብሱን፡ ይነሣል፡ ‎‎ከእህልን፡ እብስ፡ እኔም፡ እንዲያ፡ እነሣለሁ‎. . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 79r–80v

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List of the Heretics, አስማቲሆሙ፡ ለመናፍቃን፡ (CAe 6467)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):‎ንጽሕፍ፡ አስማቲሆሙ፡ ለመናፍቃን፡ ሰባልዮስ፡ ይቤ፡ አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ‎‎ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ፩ገጽ፡ ንሕነ፡ ንቤ፡ ፫ገጽ፡‎ . . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 80v–84r

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Commentary on the Daily Prayer, in Amharic, ትርጓሜ፡ ጸሎት፡ ዘዘወትር፡

Incipit (Amharic ):‎በላይ፡ ያለ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ነው፡ ወወልድ፡ አለ፡ በማኅፀነ፡ እግዝእትነ፡ ‎‎አደረ፡ ማለት፡ ነው፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ይላል፡ አዳምን፡ አትብላ፡ ያለውን፡ ዕፅ፡ ‎‎በልቶ፡ ግራ፡ መንገድ፡ ሄደ፡‎. . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 80v–86v

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Commentary on Our Father, in Amharic, የአቡነ፡ ዘበሰማያት፡ ትርጓሜ፡

Incipit (Amharic ):‎በዘመነ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ጌታችንን፡ ሲሉት፡ ጸሎት፡ አስተምሕረን፡ ‎‎ማን፡ ብለን፡ እንለምንህ፡ ከጸሎት፡ ሁሉ፡ ማነን፡ ትወዳለኽ፡ አሉት፡ ‎‎በከመ፡ መሐሮሙ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ ለአርድዕቱ፡‎. . . . .ommission by

Language of text:


Fols 87v–88r

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Hymn to the Trinity, “Praise to You,” ግናይ፡ ለክሙ።

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ):ባረኮ፡ ወውዳሴ፡ ይደልዎሙ፡ ለሥላሴ። ፫ ጊዜ፡ በል። ግናይ፡ ለክሙ፡ ገባርያነ፡ መማይ፡ አንትሙ። በስመ፡ አብ፡ . . . . .ommission by መላእክክቲሁ፡ ለሥሉስ። ሩጸቶሙ፡ ከመ ነፋስ። አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ፀሐይ። እምቅድመ ይግበርዎ፡ ለሰማይ. . . . .ommission by

Language of text:

No Chaine no.

Additions In this unit there are in total 1 , 1 .

  1. Fol. iv(erso) (Type: ScribalNoteAssigningLand)

    Record of land inheritance, by Mämhǝr Wäldä Giyorgis Tato at Abe Dǝnkin

  2. f. iiir(ecto) and passim (Type: OwnershipNote)

    the name of the original owner is ወልደ፡ ጊዮርጊስ፡

  3. Fol. 88r

    the name of the scribe is Wäldä Mika’el

Extras

  1. Fols. ir(ecto), iiiv(erso), 87r, 88v

    blank

  2. Fol. 2r

    Gǝ‘ǝz numbers are written between the columns, in pencil

  3. Identified in the insurance hand list as Marian Works 4

  4. Fols. 5r, 9v, 12v, 14v, 15r

    etc., words of text are written interlinearly

  5. f. 1r, col. 1, line 19 f. 7v, col. 2, line 3 f. 21r, col. 2, line 9

    words of text are written in the upper margin with a symbol (┴) marking the location where the text is to be inserted

  6. f. 13r, col. 1, line 15 f. 20r, col. 2, line 19 f. 38r, col. 1, line 9 f. 42v, col. 2, lines 19 and 21

    words of text are written interlinearly where the symbol (┴) is used

  7. Fols. 11r, 67r, 69r, 72r

    text has been removed

Decoration In this unit there are in total 1 .

Frame notes

  1. frame: Decorative designs: folss. 1r, 5v, 13v, 21r, (haräg); iiv(erso), iiir(ecto), 88r (lines red and black ink); multiple full stops are used as section dividers throughout the codex

Physical Description

Form of support

Codex

Watermark

No

Extent

+NaN (leaf) .Entered as iii + 88 +NaN (quire) .Entered as 2 protection sheets + 10 191 128 38
Outer dimensions
Height 191mm
Width 128mm
Depth 38mm

Quire Structure Collation

Quire descriptions: protection sheet 2 and quires 1–4 and 6–9 balanced; protection sheet 1 and quires 5 and 10 unbalanced. A folio stub is visible between fols. i, ii. A folio stub is visible between fols. 49, 50.
Position Number Leaves Quires Description
1 a 1 Fol. i A folio stub is visible between fols. i, ii. Protection Sheet 1: 1, stub after 1
2 b 2 Fols ii–iii Protection Sheet 2
3 1 10 Fols 1–10 Quire 1
4 2 10 Fols 11–20 Quire 2
5 3 10 Fols 21–30 Quire 3
6 4 10 Fols 31–40 Quire 4
7 5 9 Fols 41–49 A folio stub is visible between fols. 49, 50. Quire 5: 1, stub after 9
8 6 10 Fols 50–59 Quire 6
9 7 10 Fols 60–69 Quire 7
10 8 10 Fols 70–79 Quire 8
11 9 6 Fols 80–85 Quire 9
12 10 3 Fols 86–88 Quire 10

Collation diagrams


Protection Sheet 1: 1, stub after 1
Quire ID:q1, number:a
Notes: 1) A folio stub is visible between fols. i, ii.
Collation diagram Quire 1 1 Unit #1

Protection Sheet 2
Quire ID:q2, number:b
Collation diagram Quire 2 2 3 Unit #1

Quire 1
Quire ID:q3, number:1
Collation diagram Quire 3 4 13 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 2
Quire ID:q4, number:2
Collation diagram Quire 4 14 23 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 3
Quire ID:q5, number:3
Collation diagram Quire 5 24 33 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 4
Quire ID:q6, number:4
Collation diagram Quire 6 34 43 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 5: 1, stub after 9
Quire ID:q7, number:5
Notes: 1) A folio stub is visible between fols. 49, 50.
Collation diagram Quire 7 44 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 6
Quire ID:q8, number:6
Collation diagram Quire 8 53 62 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 7
Quire ID:q9, number:7
Collation diagram Quire 9 63 72 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 8
Quire ID:q10, number:8
Collation diagram Quire 10 73 82 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 9
Quire ID:q11, number:9
Collation diagram Quire 11 83 88 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3

Quire 10
Quire ID:q12, number:10
Collation diagram Quire 12 89 91 Unit #1 Unit #2

Ethio-SPaRe formula : a(0+1/s.l. 1, stub after 1/Fol. i) – b(2/Fols ii–iii) – I(10/Fols 1–10) – II(10/Fols 11–20) – III(10/Fols 21–30) – IV(10/Fols 31–40) – V(8+1/s.l. 1, stub after 9/Fols 41–49) – VI(10/Fols 50–59) – VII(10/Fols 60–69) – VIII(10/Fols 70–79) – IX(6/Fols 80–85) – X(3/Fols 86–88) –

Formula: Fol. i Protection Sheet 1: 1, stub after 1 ; Fols ii–iii Protection Sheet 2 ; Fols 1–10 Quire 1 ; Fols 11–20 Quire 2 ; Fols 21–30 Quire 3 ; Fols 31–40 Quire 4 ; Fols 41–49 Quire 5: 1, stub after 9 ; Fols 50–59 Quire 6 ; Fols 60–69 Quire 7 ; Fols 70–79 Quire 8 ; Fols 80–85 Quire 9 ; Fols 86–88 Quire 10 ;

Formula 1: 1 (), 2 (2), 3 (10), 4 (10), 5 (10), 6 (10), 7 (), 8 (10), 9 (10), 10 (10), 11 (6), 12 (3),

Formula 2: 1 (), 2 (2), 3 (10), 4 (10), 5 (10), 6 (10), 7 (), 8 (10), 9 (10), 10 (10), 11 (6), 12 (3),

Binding

Parchment, four Coptic chain stitches attached with bridle attachments to rough-hewn boards of the traditional wood.

Binding material

parchment

wood

Original binding

Yes

Layout

Layout note 1

H
W
Margins
top 14mm
bottom 41mm
right 21mm
left 7mm

Ms Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 123 main part

looks ok for measures computed width is: NaNmm, object width is: 128mm, computed height is: NaNmm and object height is: 191mm.

Layout note 1

Number of columns: 2

Number of lines: 21

Palaeography

  • Hand 1

    Script: Ethiopic

    Rubrication: ማርያም፡

  • Keywords

      Publication Statement

      authority
      Hiob-Ludolf-Zentrum für Äthiopistik
      publisher
      Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft
      pubPlace
      Hamburg
      availability

      This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.

      date
      type=expanded
      2022-01-05T13:36:28.446+01:00
      date
      type=lastModified
      23.6.2021
      idno
      type=collection
      manuscripts
      idno
      type=url
      https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/EMIP02072
      idno
      type=URI
      https://betamasaheft.eu/EMIP02072
      idno
      type=filename
      EMIP02072.xml
      idno
      type=ID
      EMIP02072

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    Suggested citation of this record

    Ashlee Benson, Jonah Sandford, Ralph Lee, Pietro Maria Liuzzo, Daria Elagina, ʻWashington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 123ʼ, in Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft (Last Modified: 2021-06-23) https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/EMIP02072 [Accessed: 2024-11-24]

    To cite a precise version, please, click on load permalinks and to the desired version (see documentation on permalinks), then import the metadata or copy the below, with the correct link.

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    Revision history

    • Daria Elagina Daria Elagina: Added ref to ms_i.6 on 23.6.2021
    • Ashlee Benson Ashlee Benson: Updated facs statements on 19.11.2020
    • Ralph Lee Ralph Lee: corrected ǝ character on 17.4.2020
    • Ralph Lee Ralph Lee: Added image links, and minor edits to some extras on 30.1.2020
    • Jonah Sandford Jonah Sandford: Added quire maps, margin dims, columns/lines, binding desc, dating info. on 21.1.2020
    • Pietro Maria Liuzzo Pietro Maria Liuzzo: updated msIdentifier for Tweed collection. on 13.11.2019
    • Ashlee Benson Ashlee Benson: Added items on 5.11.2019
    • Pietro Maria Liuzzo Pietro Maria Liuzzo: Created XML record from EMIP Collection Metadata.xsls on 18.1.2018
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    Attribution of the content

    Pietro Maria Liuzzo, contributor

    Daria Elagina, contributor

    The initial version of this file was created from data kindly provided by the Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project directed by Steve Delamarter. Dedicated to Cain Hope Felder
    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.