✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

Explore this page
Do you want to notify us of an error, please do so by writing an issue in our GitHub repository (click the envelope for a precomiled one).
On small screens, will show a navigation bar on the leftOpen Item Navigation
Edit Not sure how to do this? Have a look at the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines!
Hide pointersClick here to hide or show again the little arrows and small left pointing hands in this page.
Hide relatedClick here to hide or show again the right side of the content area, where related items and keywords are shown.
EntryMain Entry
TEI/XMLDownload an enriched TEI file with explicit URIs bibliography from Zotero API.
SyntaxeSee graphs of the information available. If the manuscript contains relevant information, then you will see visualizations based on La Syntaxe du Codex, by Andrist, Canart and Maniaci.
RelationsFurther visualization of relational information
TranscriptionTranscription (as available). Do you have a transcription you want to contribute? Contact us or click on EDIT and submit your contribution.
ImagesManuscript images in the Mirador viewer via IIIF

Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 042

Jonah Sandford, Ashlee Benson, Ralph Lee

Tweed Collection, EMIP

Work in Progress
https://betamasaheft.eu/EMIP01991
Tweed[view repository]

Collection: Tweed Collection

Other identifiers: EMIP 1991

GeneralDescriptionPhysical DescriptionAuthors

General description

Tweed Codex 042

Number of Text units: 2

Number of Codicological units: 1

For a table of all relations from and to this record, please go to the Relations view. In the Relations boxes on the right of this page, you can also find all available relations grouped by name.

Origin

Early-twentieth century

Summary

Psalter, ዳዊት፡; Angels Praise Her, ይዌድስዋ፡ መላእክት፡ ለማርያም፡, a deluxe copy produced in the government scriptorium
  1. ms_i1 (Fols 1r–173r

    Images relevant for EMIP01991#ms_i1, from EMIP/Codices/1991/

    You are viewing a sequence of images from f. 1r to f. 173r

    Open with Mirador Viewer

    ), Ethiopic Psalter
  2. ms_i2 (Fols 173r–174v

    Images relevant for EMIP01991#ms_i2, from EMIP/Codices/1991/

    You are viewing a sequence of images from f. 173r to f. 174v

    Open with Mirador Viewer

    ), Yǝweddǝsǝwwa malāʾǝkt la-Māryām

Contents

Fols 1r–173r

Images relevant for Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 042, (in ms_i1), from EMIP/Codices/1991/

You are viewing a sequence of images from f. 1r to f. 173r

Open with Mirador Viewer

Ethiopic Psalter (CAe 2701)

Language of text:

Mazmura Dāwit, Psalm 118 including the Spritual Meaning of the Hebrew Letters
Fols 173r–174v

Images relevant for Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 042, (in ms_i2), from EMIP/Codices/1991/

You are viewing a sequence of images from f. 173r to f. 174v

Open with Mirador Viewer

Yǝweddǝsǝwwa malāʾǝkt la-Māryām (CAe 3108)

Language of text:

Additions In this unit there are in total 1 .

  1. Fol. 174v (Type: OwnershipNote)

    Original owner is Mika’el; scribe is Śahǝlä Mika’el. A secondary owner, is listed below, Mälǝ’aka Bǝrhan Bǝrǝhanä Mäsqäl

Extras

  1. Fol. 64v

    the midpoint of the Psalms is marked with the words ( ) “This is its half.”

  2. Fols. 128v, 175r, 175v

    blank

  3. Identified in the insurance hand list as Psalter 26

  4. Fols. 58, 70, 79, 112, 115, 129

    red and black yarn sewn into fore edge as navigation system

  5. Fols. 34, 99

    green and yellow yarn sewn into fore edge as navigation system

  6. Numbered quires: quires 2–9, check the viewerfols. q2, q3, q4, q5, q6, 7, q8, q9

  7. Fols. 60v, 77r, 81r, 130r, 159v

    etc., words of text are written interlinearly

  8. Fol. 10v

    lines of text are written interlinearly

  9. Fols. 96r, 128r

    text has been removed

Decoration In this unit there are in total 1 .

Frame notes

  1. frame: Decorative designs: folss. 1r, 8r, 15v, 23v, 34r, 42r, 48v, 58r, 70r, 79r, 85r, 99r, 112v, 115v, 122r, 129r, 142v, 152r, (haräg); 151v, 174v, (multiple full stops and a line of alternating red and black dots); 153r, 166v (multiple full stops).

Physical Description

Form of support

Codex

Watermark

No

Extent

175 (leaf) .Entered as 175 20 (quire) .Entered as 20 270 206 70
Outer dimensions
Height 270mm
Width 206mm
Depth 70mm

Quire Structure Collation

Quire descriptions: quires 1–18 balanced; quire 19 adjusted balanced; quire 20 unbalanced. Folio stubs are visible between folss. 165, 166, and between 168, 169. A folio stub is visible between fols. 170, 171.
Position Number Leaves Quires Description
1 1 8 Fols 1–8 Quire 1
2 2 8 Fols 9–16 Quire 2
3 3 8 Fols 17–24 Quire 3
4 4 10 Fols 25–34 Quire 4
5 5 10 Fols 35–44 Quire 5
6 6 10 Fols 45–54 Quire 6
7 7 10 Fols 55–64 Quire 7
8 8 10 Fols 65–74 Quire 8
9 9 10 Fols 75–84 Quire 9
10 10 8 Fols 85–92 Quire 10
11 11 10 Fols 93–102 Quire 11
12 12 8 Fols 103–110 Quire 12
13 13 8 Fols 111–118 Quire 13
14 14 8 Fols 119–126 Quire 14
15 15 10 Fols 127–136 Quire 15
16 16 8 Fols 137–144 Quire 16
17 17 10 Fols 145–154 Quire 17
18 18 8 Fols 155–162 Quire 18
19 19 8 Fols 163–170 Folio stubs are visible between folss. 165, 166, and between 168, 169. Quire 19: 3, stub after 6 6, stub after 3
20 20 5 Fols 171–175 A folio stub is visible between fols. 170, 171. Quire 20: 5, stub before 1

Collation diagrams


Quire 1
Quire ID:q1, number:1
Collation diagram Quire 1 1 8 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 2
Quire ID:q2, number:2
Collation diagram Quire 2 9 16 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 3
Quire ID:q3, number:3
Collation diagram Quire 3 17 24 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 4
Quire ID:q4, number:4
Collation diagram Quire 4 25 34 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 5
Quire ID:q5, number:5
Collation diagram Quire 5 35 44 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 6
Quire ID:q6, number:6
Collation diagram Quire 6 45 54 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 7
Quire ID:q7, number:7
Collation diagram Quire 7 55 64 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 8
Quire ID:q8, number:8
Collation diagram Quire 8 65 74 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 9
Quire ID:q9, number:9
Collation diagram Quire 9 75 84 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 10
Quire ID:q10, number:10
Collation diagram Quire 10 85 92 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 11
Quire ID:q11, number:11
Collation diagram Quire 11 93 102 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 12
Quire ID:q12, number:12
Collation diagram Quire 12 103 110 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 13
Quire ID:q13, number:13
Collation diagram Quire 13 111 118 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 14
Quire ID:q14, number:14
Collation diagram Quire 14 119 126 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 15
Quire ID:q15, number:15
Collation diagram Quire 15 127 136 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 16
Quire ID:q16, number:16
Collation diagram Quire 16 137 144 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 17
Quire ID:q17, number:17
Collation diagram Quire 17 145 154 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 18
Quire ID:q18, number:18
Collation diagram Quire 18 155 162 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4

Quire 19: 3, stub after 6 6, stub after 3
Quire ID:q19, number:19
Notes: 1) Folio stubs are visible between folss. 165, 166, and between 168, 169.
Collation diagram Quire 19 163 170 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3 Unit #4 Unit #5

Quire 20: 5, stub before 1
Quire ID:q20, number:20
Notes: 1) A folio stub is visible between fols. 170, 171.
Collation diagram Quire 20 175 Unit #1 Unit #2 Unit #3

Ethio-SPaRe formula : I(8/Fols 1–8) – II(8/Fols 9–16) – III(8/Fols 17–24) – IV(10/Fols 25–34) – V(10/Fols 35–44) – VI(10/Fols 45–54) – VII(10/Fols 55–64) – VIII(10/Fols 65–74) – IX(10/Fols 75–84) – X(8/Fols 85–92) – XI(10/Fols 93–102) – XII(8/Fols 103–110) – XIII(8/Fols 111–118) – XIV(8/Fols 119–126) – XV(10/Fols 127–136) – XVI(8/Fols 137–144) – XVII(10/Fols 145–154) – XVIII(8/Fols 155–162) – XIX(6+2/s.l. 3, stub after 6; s.l. 6, stub after 3/Fols 163–170) – XX(4+1/s.l. 5, stub before 1/Fols 171–175) –

Formula: Fols 1–8 Quire 1 ; Fols 9–16 Quire 2 ; Fols 17–24 Quire 3 ; Fols 25–34 Quire 4 ; Fols 35–44 Quire 5 ; Fols 45–54 Quire 6 ; Fols 55–64 Quire 7 ; Fols 65–74 Quire 8 ; Fols 75–84 Quire 9 ; Fols 85–92 Quire 10 ; Fols 93–102 Quire 11 ; Fols 103–110 Quire 12 ; Fols 111–118 Quire 13 ; Fols 119–126 Quire 14 ; Fols 127–136 Quire 15 ; Fols 137–144 Quire 16 ; Fols 145–154 Quire 17 ; Fols 155–162 Quire 18 ; Fols 163–170 Quire 19: 3, stub after 6 6, stub after 3 ; Fols 171–175 Quire 20: 5, stub before 1 ;

Formula 1: 1 (8), 2 (8), 3 (8), 4 (10), 5 (10), 6 (10), 7 (10), 8 (10), 9 (10), 10 (8), 11 (10), 12 (8), 13 (8), 14 (8), 15 (10), 16 (8), 17 (10), 18 (8), 19 (8), 20 (5),

Formula 2: 1 (8), 2 (8), 3 (8), 4 (10), 5 (10), 6 (10), 7 (10), 8 (10), 9 (10), 10 (8), 11 (10), 12 (8), 13 (8), 14 (8), 15 (10), 16 (8), 17 (10), 18 (8), 19 (8), 20 (5),

Binding

Parchment, 270 x 206 x 70 mm, four Coptic chain stitches attached with bridle attachments to rough-hewn boards of the traditional wood covered with tooled leather with fabric visible between the turn-ins, headband and tailband.

Binding material

parchment

wood

leather

textile

Original binding

Yes

Layout

Layout note 1

H
W
Margins
top 36mm
bottom 68mm
right 45mm
left 17mm

Ms Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 042 main part

looks ok for measures computed width is: NaNmm, object width is: 206mm, computed height is: NaNmm and object height is: 270mm.

Layout note 1(Fols 1r–151v

Images relevant for EMIP01991#ms, from EMIP/Codices/1991/

You are viewing a sequence of images from f. 1r to f. 151v

Open with Mirador Viewer

)

Number of columns: 1

Number of lines: 21

Layout note 1(Fols 152r–174v

Images relevant for Washington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 042, msDesc ms, from EMIP/Codices/1991/

You are viewing a sequence of images from f. 152r to f. 174v

Open with Mirador Viewer

)

Number of columns: 2

Number of lines: 21

Palaeography

  • Hand 1

    Script: Ethiopic

    Rubrication: ማርያም፡

    The word God is not rubricated in the first three works; the word Mary is rubricated in the final two works Columetric layout of text: folss. 127v, 128r, (Ps. 150); 138r, 138v, 139r (tenth Biblical Canticle).

    • Keywords

    Publication Statement

    authority
    Hiob-Ludolf-Zentrum für Äthiopistik
    publisher
    Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft
    pubPlace
    Hamburg
    availability

    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.

    date
    type=expanded
    2022-01-05T13:36:28.446+01:00
    date
    type=lastModified
    5.8.2020
    idno
    type=collection
    manuscripts
    idno
    type=url
    https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/EMIP01991
    idno
    type=URI
    https://betamasaheft.eu/EMIP01991
    idno
    type=filename
    EMIP01991.xml
    idno
    type=ID
    EMIP01991

    Edition Statement

    The initial version of this file was created from data kindly provided by the Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project directed by Steve Delamarter.

    Dedicated to Cain Hope Felder

    Encoding Description

    Encoded according to the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines. These Guidelines detail the TEI format ruled by the Beta maṣāḥǝft Schema. The present TEI file is enriched with an Xquery transformation taking advantage of the exist-db database instance where the data is stored and of the many external resources to which this data points to.

    Definitions of prefixes used.

    Select one of the keywords listed from the record to see related data

    No keyword selected.
    This page contains RDFa. RDF+XML graph of this resource. Alternate representations available via VoID.
    Permalinks
    Hypothes.is public annotations pointing here

    Use the tag BetMas:EMIP01991 in your public hypothes.is annotations which refer to this entity.

    Suggested Citation of this record

    To cite a precise version, please, click on load permalinks and to the desired version (see documentation on permalinks), then import the metadata or copy the below, with the correct link.

    Jonah Sandford, Ashlee Benson, Ralph Lee, Pietro Maria Liuzzo, ʻWashington, D.C., Howard University School of Divinity, Tweed Codex 042ʼ, in Alessandro Bausi, ed., Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft (Last Modified: 2020-08-05) https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/EMIP01991 [Accessed: 2024-05-18]

    Revisions of the data

    • Ralph Lee Ralph Lee: Added link to spiritual meaning of Hebrew letters in Ps118, minor formatting edits on 5.8.2020
    • Ralph Lee Ralph Lee: corrected ǝ character on 17.4.2020
    • Ralph Lee Ralph Lee: Minor edits to additions and extras on 18.2.2020
    • Ralph Lee Ralph Lee: Added image links on 13.12.2019
    • Pietro Maria Liuzzo Pietro Maria Liuzzo: updated msIdentifier for Tweed collection. on 13.11.2019
    • Jonah Sandford Jonah Sandford: Added quire maps, margin dim, columns/lines, binding desc, dating info. on 3.11.2019
    • Ashlee Benson Ashlee Benson: Added items on 23.10.2019
    • Pietro Maria Liuzzo Pietro Maria Liuzzo: Created XML record from EMIP Collection Metadata.xsls on 18.1.2018

    Attributions of the contents

    Pietro Maria Liuzzo, contributor

    The initial version of this file was created from data kindly provided by the Ethiopic Manuscript Imaging Project directed by Steve Delamarter. Dedicated to Cain Hope Felder
    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.