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Edinburgh, National Library of Scotland, Ms 1894

Jonas Karlsson

Newly catalogued in Beta maṣāḥǝft

Stub
https://betamasaheft.eu/NLSms1894
National Library of Scotland[view repository]

Collection:

GeneralDescriptionPhysical DescriptionCatalogueTranscription Authors

General description

Four Gospels

Number of Text units: 12

Number of Codicological units: 1

For a table of all relations from and to this record, please go to the Relations view. In the Relations boxes on the right of this page, you can also find all available relations grouped by name.

Origin

1300-1500 (dating on palaeographic grounds)

Summary

  1. ms_i1 (check the viewerFols 1r–202vb ), Four Gospels
    1. ms_i1.1 (check the viewerFols 73ra–73vb ),
    2. ms_i1.2 (check the viewerFols 9ra–63ra ), Wangel za-Mātewos
    3. ms_i1.3 (check the viewerFols 63rb–106ra ), Wangel za-Mārqos
      1. ms_i1.3.1 (check the viewerFols 63rb–63vb ), Wangel za-Mārqos, Tituli of the Gospel of Mark
      2. ms_i1.3.2 (check the viewerFols 65ra–106ra ), Wangel za-Mārqos, Gospel of Mark
    4. ms_i1.4 (check the viewerFols 106rb–160ra ), Wangel za-Luqās
      1. ms_i1.4.1 (check the viewerFols 106rb–107rb ), Wangel za-Luqās, Tituli of the Gospel of Luke
      2. ms_i1.4.2 (check the viewerFols 108ra–160ra ), Wangel za-Luqās, Gospel of Luke
    5. ms_i1.5 (check the viewerFols 160rb–202vb ), Gospel of John
      1. ms_i1.5.1 (check the viewerFols 160rb–160va ), Gospel of John, Tituli of the Gospel of John
      2. ms_i1.5.2 (check the viewerFols 162ra–202vb ), Gospel of John, Gospel of John

Contents

check the viewerFols 1r–202vb Four Gospels (CAe 1560) The very last folios are missing, and the first leaves are partly disarranged.

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 73ra–73vb ግጻዌ፡ ሥርዓት፡ በእንተ፡ ኅብረተ፡ ቃላት፡ ዘ፬፡ ወንጌላትsubaudible (CAe 1548) The text is found on the first part of a loose bifolio, currently found lying in the inner of the manuscript and foliated 73r–74v. However, based on its placement in other manuscripts, one may presume that it was originally part of the preliminary matters.

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. 73ra እንዘ፡ ይተሉ፡ ረድኤተ፡ ክልኤተ፡ ባሕቲቶሙ፡ ጸሐፉ፡ እንከ፡ ወንጌል፡ እምሐዊ (!) ርያት፡ ወክልኤቱ፡ እመትሎሆሙ፡ አሐዱ፡ ዘጳውሎስ፡ ወአሐዱ፡ ዘጴጥሮስ፡ ወዘጴጥሮስ፡ ረድአ፡ ዚአሁ፡ ምስለ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ ወማቴዎስ፡

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. 73vb በእንተ፡ ኅብረተ፡ ቃላት፡ ዘቅዱሳን፡ አርባዕቱ፡ ወንጌላት።=፨

check the viewerFols 9ra–63ra Wangel za-Mātewos (CAe 1558) In the current state of the manuscript, there is no list of tituli for Matthew.

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ): መጽሐፈ፡ ልደቱ፡ ለ
ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ፡
ወልደ፡ ዳዊት፡ ወልደ፡
አብርሃም፨ አብር<ሃ>
ም፡ ወለዶ፡ ለይስሐቅ፡
ወይስሐቅኒ፡ ወለዶ፡
ለያዕቆብ፡

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ): ወናሁ፡
አነ፡ ሀለውኩ፡ ምስ
ሌክሙ፡ በኵሉ፡ መ
ዋዕል፡ እስከ፡ ኅል
ቀተ፡ ዓለም፡ አሜን፨

check the viewerFols 63rb–106ra Wangel za-Mārqos (CAe 1882)
check the viewerFols 63rb–63vb Wangel za-Mārqos, Tituli of the Gospel of Mark (CAe 1882 TituliMark)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ): ፩ በእንተ፡ ዘጋኔን።
፪ በእንተ፡ ሐማተ፡ ጴጥሮስ፡
፫ በእንተ፡ እለ፡ ተፈወሱ፡ እምብዙኅ፡ ደዌ።

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. 45vb ፵፯ በእንተ፡ ዘአግብኦ፡ ይሁዳ።
፵፰ በእንተ፡ ዘከመ፡ ክሕዶ፡ ጴጥሮስ።
፵፱ በእንተ፡ ስእለተ፡ ሥጋሁ፡ ለእግዚእነ።

check the viewerFols 65ra–106ra Wangel za-Mārqos, Gospel of Mark (CAe 1882 MarkGospel)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ): ቀዳሚሁ፡ ለወን
ጌለ፡ ኢየሱስ፡ ክር
ስቶስ፡ ወልደ፡ እ
ግዚኣብሔር፡
በከመ፡ ጽሑፍ፡ ው
ስተ፡ ነቢያት፡ ና
ሁ፡

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ): ወወፂኦሙ፡ እሙን
ቱ፡ ሰበኩ፡ ኵልሄ፡
እንዘ፡ እግዚአብሔ
ር፡ ይረድእ፡ ወቃሎ፡
ያጸንዕ፡ በተአምር፡
ዘይተሉ፡ አሜን፨

check the viewerFols 106rb–160ra Wangel za-Luqās (CAe 1812)
check the viewerFols 106rb–107rb Wangel za-Luqās, Tituli of the Gospel of Luke (CAe 1812 TituliLuke)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ): ፩ በእንተ፡ ጸሐፊ፡
፪ በእንተ፡ እለ፡ ይሔልዉ፨ ኖሎት፨
፫ በእንተ፡ ስምዖን፨

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ): ፹፩ በእንተ፡ እለ፡ ይበክያ፡ አንስት።
፹፪ በእንተ፡ ዘተነስሐ፡ ፈያታዊ።
፹፫ በእንተ፡ ዘሰአለ፡ ሥጋሁ፡ ለእግዚዝነ።

check the viewerFols 108ra–160ra Wangel za-Luqās, Gospel of Luke (CAe 1812 LukeGospel)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. 108ra እስመ፡ ብዙኃን፡ እ
ለ፡ ወጠኑ፡ ይንግሩ፡
ወይምሀሩ፡ በእን
ተ፡ ግብር፡ ዘአምኑ፡
በላዕሌነ፡ በከመ፡
መሀሩነ፡ እለ፡ ቀደሙ
ነ፡

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. 106ra ወነበሩ፡ በቤተ፡ መ
ቅደስ፡ ዘልፈ፡ እንዘ፡
ይባርክዎ፡ ወይሴብ
ሕዎ፡ ለእግዚአብ
ሔር፡ ለዓለም፡ አሜን።

check the viewerFols 160rb–202vb Gospel of John (CAe 1693)
check the viewerFols 160rb–160va Gospel of John, Tituli of the Gospel of John (CAe 1693 TituliJohn)

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. አርእስተ፡ ነገር፡ እምወንጌለ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ዮሐንስ።
፩ በእንተ፡ ከብካብ፡ ዘቃና፡
፪ በእንተ፡ ዘሰደደ፡ እመኵራብ፡
፫ በእንተ፡ ኒቆዲሞስ፡

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. 106vb ፲፯ በእንተ፡ ዘከመ፡ ኀፀበ፡ አርዳኢሁ።
፲፰ በእንተ፡ ጰራቀ (!) ሊጦስ።
፲፱ በእንተ፡ ስእለተ፡ ሥጋሁ፡ ለእግዚእነ፡

check the viewerFols 162ra–202vb Gospel of John, Gospel of John (CAe 1693 JohnGospel) The gospel text is almost complete, ending in the middle of the last verse (John 21:25).

Incipit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. 162ra ቀዳሚሁ፡ ቃል፡ ውእ
ቱ፡ ወውእቱ፡ ቃል፡ ኃ
በ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡
ውእቱ፡ ወእግዚኣብ
ሔር፡ ውእቱ፡ ቃል፡ ወ
ከማሁ፡ ቀዳሚሁ፡ እ
ምኃበ፡ እግዚኣብሔ
ር፡ ውእቱ፨=፨

Explicit (Gǝʿǝz ): check the viewerFol. 136rb ጸሐፈ፡ ዘንተ?[c. 2 chars lost]ommission by
ር፡ ከመ፡ [c. 3 chars lost]ommission by
ውእቱ፡ ስምዑ። [c. 1 chars lost]ommission by
ቦ፡ ባዕደኒ፡ ዘገብረ[c. 1 chars lost]ommission by

Decoration In this unit there are in total 19 s.

Miniatures notes

  1. miniature: check the viewerFol. 1r

    Arch resting on curtained columns with six ጢር፡ birds atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  2. miniature: check the viewerFol. 1v

    Arch resting on curtained columns with four ጢር፡ birds and four ዱራ፡ birds atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  3. miniature: check the viewerFol. 2r

    Arch resting on curtained columns with three ጢር፡ birds and four ከራዊያ፡ birds atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  4. miniature: check the viewerFol. 2v

    Arch resting on curtained columns with four ጢር፡ birds , two ዱራ፡ birds, and two birds with the caption ነዮሙ፡ እሉ። atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  5. miniature: check the viewerFol. 3r

    Arch resting on curtained columns with four ጢር፡ birds , two ዱራ፡ birds, and two birds with the caption ነዮሙ፡ እሉ። atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  6. miniature: check the viewerFol. 3v

    Arch resting on curtained columns with one ጢር፡ bird , two ዱራ፡ birds, and four ጕዕራ፡ birds atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  7. miniature: check the viewerFol. 4r

    Arch resting on curtained columns with four ጢር፡ birds and four ዱራ፡ birds atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  8. miniature: check the viewerFol. 4v

    Arch resting on curtained columns with three ጢር፡ birds and four ከራዊያ፡ birds atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  9. miniature: check the viewerFol. 5r

    Tempietto flanked by two paradisiacal trees (ዕፀ፡ ገነት።), two ባቡላ፡ antelopes, and two ጕዕራ፡ birds . There are two ጢር፡ birds, two ዱራ፡ birds, and two ሰገን፡ birds atop. Inside the Tempietto, the following inscription is found: ኑባሬsubaudible ሥርዓት፡ ዘከመ፡ ኀብሩ፡ አርባዕቱ።

  10. miniature: check the viewerFol. 5v

    Crucifixion without the Cruficied under an arch resting on columns . Atop the arch are four ጢር፡ birds and four ዱራ፡ birds.

    Legend: ( gez ) ነዋ፡ በግዑ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ ዘያአብ?ት፡ ኃጢአተ፡ ዓለም፡

    Legend: ( en ) Behold the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world.

    Legend: ( gez ) ፈያታዊ፡ ዘየማን፡

    Legend: ( en ) The robber on the right (hand).

    Legend: ( gez ) ፈያታዊ፡ ዘፀጋም፡

    Legend: ( en ) The robber on the left (hand).

    Legend: ( gez ) ሐራ፡ ዘወግኦ፡

    Legend: ( en ) The soldier who pierced him.

    Legend: ( gez ) መስቀለ፡ እግዚእነ፡

    Legend: ( en ) The cross of Our Lord.

    Legend: ( gez ) ሐራ፡ ዘአስተዮ፡ ሐሞተ፡

    Legend: ( en ) The soldier who gave him gall to drink.

  11. miniature: check the viewerFol. 6r

    The upper part depicts three empty crosses and the sun and the moon, the lower part the Holy Women at Tomb

    Legend: ( gez ) መልአክ፡ ኃበ፡ ተናገሮን፡ ለአንስት።

    Legend: ( en ) How the angel spoke to the women.

    Legend: ( gez ) ፀሐይsubaudible ኀበ፡ ኀብአ፡ ብርሃኑ፡

    Legend: ( en ) How the light of the sun was hidden.

    Legend: ( gez ) ወወርኅኒ፡ ደመ፡ ኮነ፡

    Legend: ( en ) And the moon became blood.

    Legend: ( gez ) ማርያ፡

    Legend: ( en ) Mary.

    Legend: ( gez ) ማርታ፡

    Legend: ( en ) Martha.

    Legend: ( gez ) ሐራ፡ ዘየዐቅብsubaudible

    Legend: ( en ) The soldier who guards.

    Legend: ( gez ) መቃብረ፡ እግዚእነ፡

    Legend: ( en ) The grave of Our Lord.

    Legend: ( gez ) ሐራ፡ ዘየዐቅብ፡

    Legend: ( en ) The soldier who guards.

  12. miniature: check the viewerFol. 6v

    The upper part contains a Maiestas Dei. The lower part depicts St Mary surrounded by St Michael and St Gabriel.

    Legend: ( gez ) ሥዕለ፡ እግዚእነ።

    Legend: ( en ) Image of Our Lord.

    Legend: ( gez ) […]ommission by ጸ፡? ሰብእ፡

    Legend: ( en ) The face of a man.

    Legend: ( gez ) ገጸ፡ ንስር፡

    Legend: ( en ) The face of an eagle.

    Legend: ( gez ) ገጸ፡ […]ommission by ንበ[…]ommission by

    Legend: ( en ) The face of a lion.

    Legend: ( gez ) ገጸ፡ ላ?ህም[…]ommission by

    Legend: ( en ) The face of an ox.

    Legend: ( gez ) […]ommission by ለ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ማከ[…]ommission by

    Legend: ( en ) Image of St Michael (?).

    Legend: ( gez ) ሥዕ[…]ommission by ቅ[…]ommission by ስ ገ?ብ[…]ommission by

    Legend: ( en ) Image of St Gabriel (?).

    Legend: ( gez ) ሥዕለ፡ እ[…]ommission by እት?ነ፡ ማ[…]ommission by ያም።

    Legend: ( en ) The face of an eagle.

  13. miniature: check the viewerFol. 7r

    Arch resting on curtained columns with two ዱራ፡ birds and two ጠዎስ፡ birds atop, and flanked by two ዱራ፡ birds, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  14. miniature: check the viewerFol. 7r

    Arch resting on curtained columns with six ጢር፡ birds atop, presumably intended to contain part of the Eusebian prefatory material, but (originally) left empty.

  15. miniature: check the viewerFol. 8r

    Cross.

  16. miniature: check the viewerFol. 8v

    St Matthew.

    Legend: ( gez ) ሠ (!) ዕለ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ማቴዎስ።

    Legend: ( en ) Image of St Matthew.

  17. miniature: check the viewerFol. 64v

    St Mark.

    Legend: ( gez ) ሥዕለ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ማርቆስ፡=

    Legend: ( en ) Image of St Mark.

  18. miniature: check the viewerFol. 107v

    St Luke.

    Legend: ( gez ) ሥዕለ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ሉቃስ።

    Legend: ( en ) Image of St Luke.

  19. miniature: check the viewerFol. 161v

    St John.

    Legend: ( gez ) ስዕለ፡ ዮሐንስ

    Legend: ( en ) Image of John.

Secondary Bibliography

  • Laing, D. 1871. ‘A Brief Notice of an Ancient MS. of the Four Gospels, Brought from Abyssinia, and Presented to the Society (with Other MSS.); by Captain Charles M‘Inroy, Staff Service, Madras’, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 8/1 (1871), 52–55 (DOI: DOI: https://doi.org/10.9750/PSAS.008.52.55).
    ZoteroOther citations

Physical Description

Form of support

Parchment Codex

Extent

203 (leaf) , Entered as 203 2 (leaf, blank) : Entered as 2 check the viewerFols. 64r, check the viewerFol. 161r 341 204 104
Outer dimensions
Height 341mm
Width 204mm
Depth 104mm

Foliation

check the viewerFols 1r–41v Foliation in pencil in the upper right corner.

State of preservation

deficient

Condition

Original binding; back board is missing, as well as a unknown number of folios.

Binding

Original binding; original front wooden board preserved, back board lost.

Binding material

wood

Original binding

Yes

Layout

Layout note 1

Number of columns: 2

Number of lines: 26

H 239mm
W 155mm
Margins
top 37mm
bottom 65mm
left 20mm
right 37mm
intercolumn 19mm
Data on text area dimensions, columns and written lines taken from check the viewerfol. 10r .

Ms Edinburgh, National Library of Scotland, Ms 1894 main part

has a sum of layout width of 212mm which is greater than the object height of 204mm
Ruling
  • Ruling is visible.
Pricking
  • Pricking is visible.

Palaeography

  • Hand 1

    Script: Ethiopic

    Black, red 1300-1500 A few lines, alternating with black lines, on the incipit page of the Gospel of Matthew (check the viewerfol. 9r ), of the Gospel of Mark (check the viewerfol. 65r ), of the Gospel of Luke (check the viewerfol. 108r ), and of the Gospel of John (check the viewerfol. 162r ); elements of the punctuation signs, elements of paragraphus signs; elements of quotation marks; tituli in the upper margins.

    • Publication Statement

    authority
    Hiob-Ludolf-Zentrum für Äthiopistik
    publisher
    Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft
    pubPlace
    Hamburg
    availability
    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.
    date
    type=expanded
    31.1.2024 at 15:33:34
    date
    type=lastModified
    22.12.2022
    idno
    type=collection
    manuscripts
    idno
    type=url
    https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/NLSms1894/main
    idno
    type=URI
    https://betamasaheft.eu/NLSms1894
    idno
    type=filename
    NLSms1894.xml
    idno
    type=ID
    NLSms1894

    Edition Statement

    Cataloguing funded by the AHRC-DFG Project 'Demarginalizing medieval Africa: Images, texts, and identity in early Solomonic Ethiopia (1270-1527)', grant ref. nos. AH/V002910/1 - 448410109>

    Encoding Description

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    Suggested Citation of this record

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    Alessandro Bausi, Jonas Karlsson, ʻEdinburgh, National Library of Scotland, Ms 1894ʼ, in Alessandro Bausi, ed., Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft (Last Modified: 2022-12-22) https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/NLSms1894 [Accessed: 2024-05-22]

    Revisions of the data

    • Jonas Karlsson Created entity on 22.12.2022

    Attributions of the contents

    Alessandro Bausi, general editor

    Jonas Karlsson, editor

    Cataloguing funded by the AHRC-DFG Project 'Demarginalizing medieval Africa: Images, texts, and identity in early Solomonic Ethiopia (1270-1527)', grant ref. nos. AH/V002910/1 - 448410109>
    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.