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Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
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We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
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ርቱዐ፡ ሃይማኖት፡

Work in Progress
https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH
CAe 2222Clavis Aethiopica, an ongoing repertory of all known Ethiopic Textual Units. Use this to refer univocally to a specific text in your publications. Please note that this shares only the numeric part with the Textual Unit Record Identifier.
Introductionhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Introduction
homily Nativityhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Nativity
homily Baptismhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Baptism
homily Beginninghttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Beginning
homily Sunday1https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Sunday1
homily Sunday2https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Sunday2
homily Sunday3https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Sunday3
homily Sunday4https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Sunday4
homily Sunday5https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Sunday5
homily Sunday6https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Sunday6
homily Adorationhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Adoration
homily Incarnationhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Incarnation
homily Entrancehttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Entrance
homily Washinghttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Washing
homily Crucifixionhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Crucifixion
homily Ascensionhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Ascension
homily Paracletehttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Paraclete
homily Apostleshttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Apostles
homily Transfigurationhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Transfiguration
homily Maryhttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Mary
homily Angelshttps://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH.Angels
  • Citation URI: https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH
  • Collection API: https://betamasaheft.eu/api/dts/collections?id=https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH
  • Navigation API: https://betamasaheft.eu/api/dts/navigation?id=https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH
  • Document API: https://betamasaheft.eu/api/dts/document?id=https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT2222RetuaH

chapter (Homily by Rǝtuʿa Hāymānot on the Incarnation) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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incipit
Alignment Start a translation alignment with Alpheios Alignment. You can also add morphological annotations there. See instructions in GitHub.
Quotations Check for marked up quotations of a passage in this section
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ስሉሥ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ዘያሌቡ፡ ወኢይትሌቡ፡ ዘያዔውቅ፡ ወኢይትዓወቅ፡ ዘያኤምር፡ ወኢይትአመር፡ ዘይሄሊ፡ ወኢይትሀለይ፡ ዘይጤይቅ፡ ወኢይጠየቅ፡ ዘይእኅዝ፡ ወኢይትአኃዝ፡
On Christ's nativityhomily (On the Birth of God from Mary) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On Christ's nativity
On Christ's baptismhomily (On How Our Lord Christ was Baptized) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On Christ's baptism
On fasting, prayer, and almsgiving, for the first Sunday of Lenthomily (Dǝrsān za-darasa Rǝtuʿa Hāymānot za-yǝtnabbab ba-qǝbalā ṣom) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On fasting, prayer, and almsgiving, for the first Sunday of Lent
On fasting and chastity, for the first Sunday of Lenthomily (For the first Sunday in Lent) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On fasting and chastity, for the first Sunday of Lent Some manuscripts contain homilies only for the first three Sundays of Lent.
On fasting and peace, for the second Sunday of Lenthomily (For the second Sunday in Lent) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On fasting and peace, for the second Sunday of Lent
On fasting and meekness, for the third Sunday of Lenthomily (For the third Sunday in Lent) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On fasting and meekness, for the third Sunday of Lent
homily (Dǝrsān za-yǝtnabbab ba-6 sanbat ṣom) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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Order of services for the Rite of Adoration, for the beginning of the Fast of the Apostleshomily (ሥርዓተ፡ ስግደት፡ በተፍጻሜተ፡ በዓለ፡ ፶፡ ቅድስት፡) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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Order of services for the Rite of Adoration, for the beginning of the Fast of the Apostles This part is not a homily but a liturgical text. It appears very rarely in the collection.
On the incarnation of the wordhomily (Dǝrsān za-darasa Rǝtuʿā Hāymānot baʾǝnta ḥǝḍata ʾaʾǝmrotu) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the incarnation of the word
On the entrance to Jerusalemhomily (On Palm Sunday) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the entrance to Jerusalem
On the washing of the feet and on the communion after the Last Supper, for Maundy Thursdayhomily (On the Washing of the Feet) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the washing of the feet and on the communion after the Last Supper, for Maundy Thursday
On the crucifixion of Our Lord, on the thief on the right side, and on death, for the 9th hour of Good Fridayhomily (Dǝrsān za-Rǝtuʿa Hāymānot za-darasa baʾǝnta motu la-ʾǝgziʾǝna ʾIyasus Krǝstos gize 9 saʿat ba-ʿǝḍa masqal) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the crucifixion of Our Lord, on the thief on the right side, and on death, for the 9th hour of Good Friday
On the ascension of Our Lordhomily (On the Ascension of Our Lord) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the ascension of Our Lord
On the Paracletehomily (On the Paraclete) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the Paraclete
On the apostleshomily (On the twelve apostles) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the apostles
On the transfiguration of Our Lordhomily (Dǝrsān za-kama tawallaṭa rāʾǝyu la-ʾǝgziʾǝna ba-wǝsta Dabra Tābor) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the transfiguration of Our Lord
On Our Lady Maryhomily (Homily on the Assumption of Mary) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On Our Lady Mary
On the angelshomily (Dǝrsān za-4 ʾǝnsǝsā kǝburān) Versions See parallel versions if any is available
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On the angels

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Secondary Bibliography

  • Getatchew Haile 2010. ‘Rǝtuʿa Haymanot’, in S. Uhlig and A. Bausi, eds, Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, IV (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010), 382b–383b.

  • Villa, M. 2019. Filologia e linguistica dei testi gǝʿǝz di età aksumita. Il Pastore di Erma, 10th, Studi Africanistici. Serie Etiopica (Napoli: UniorPress, 2019). page 147-154

  • Getatchew Haile 1981. ‘Religious Controversies and the Growth of Ethiopic Literature in the Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries’, Oriens Christianus, 65 (1981), 102–136. page 109-116

  • Erho, T. and R. Lee 2022. ‘References to the Shepherd of Hermas at the Monastery of Gunda Gundē’, Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses, 98/3 (2022), 451–461 (DOI: 10.2143/ETL.98.3.3290971).
    page 455-460

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Suggested citation of this record

Alessandro Bausi, Pietro Maria Liuzzo, Eugenia Sokolinski, Marcin Krawczuk, ʻርቱዐ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ʼ, in Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft (Last Modified: 2023-01-30) https://betamasaheft.eu/works/LIT2222RetuaH [Accessed: 2024-06-14]

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Revision history

  • Marcin Krawczuk Added missing work IDs on 30.1.2023
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo Created file from google spreadsheet on 21.3.2016
  • Eugenia Sokolinski CREATED: text record on 9.2.2016
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Attribution of the content

Alessandro Bausi, general editor

Pietro Maria Liuzzo, contributor

Eugenia Sokolinski, contributor

Marcin Krawczuk, contributor

The text structure of the edition is based on .
This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.