Šawā
Solomon Gebreyes
Names
ሸዋ፡↗ normalized: Šawā↗ ሼዋ፡↗ normalized: Šewā↗ ሴዋ፡↗ normalized: Sewā↗ ሲዋ፡↗ normalized: Siwā↗ Ethiopia↗ ʾAngot↗ Gayǝnt↗ Gǝšše↗ Walaqā↗ Marḥābete↗ Dāmot↗ ʾIfāt↗
ሸዋ፡gez
ሼዋ፡gez
ሴዋ፡gez
ሲዋ፡gez
History
history: Šawā was the name of several polities on the territory of Ethiopia↗ . In Ethiopian Christian sources, Šawā appears only in the 14th century and early references to Šawā are twofold. In the early time, it was the name of a medieval Islamic sultanate; later the name of the province of the Christian empire. In the medieval Christian sources, Šawā is represented as an area situated to the south of the chain of the districts consitituting the historical Amharā including ʾAngot↗ ,Gayǝnt↗ , Gǝšše↗ as well as Walaqā↗ and Marḥābete↗ , came under the firm control of the Chrisitian monarchs in the 14th century, following the victories of ? ʿAmda Ṣǝyon I↗ . In the west, Šawā neigboured with Dāmot↗ in the south and southeast, the chain of the Muslim Sultanates of which ʾIfāt↗ was the strongest. The presence of numerous rock-cut and cave churches is a conspicuous feature of Šawā's early Solomonic period, clearly showing the regions's importance and cultural and political affiliation. In the late 15th century -16th century several locations in Šawā appear to have been important sites of the royal moving capitals. After ǧihād, the importance of Šawā was re-established for a while. In the 17th century, Šawā was de facto separated from the Gondarine kingdom. Thus, in the 18th-19th century, the name Šawā was applied to the kingdom of Šawā, which later became again the name of the administrative unit within the unified Empire.
Secondary Bibliography
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Solomon Gebreyes Beyene 2016. Chronicle of King Gälawdewos (1540-1559): Critical Edition and Annotated Translation, Dissertation, Hamburg: University of Hamburg (2016).
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Conzelman, W. E. 1895. Chronique de Galâwdêwos (Claudius), roi d’Éthiopie, texte éthiopien, traduit, annoté et précédé d’une introduction historique, ed., tr. W. E. Conzelman, Bibliothèque de l’École pratique des hautes études, Sciences philologiques et historiques, 104 (Paris: Librairie Émile Bouillon, Éditeur, 1895).
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Gori, A. 2010. ‘History of Šäwa’, in Uhlig and A. Bausi, eds, Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, IV (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010), 554a–558b.
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Gascon, A. 2010. ‘Šäwa: Geography of Šäwa’, in S. Uhlig and A. Bausi, eds, Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, IV (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010), 552a–552b.
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Nosnitsin, D. 2010. ‘Šäwa: Province of Šäwa’, in S. Uhlig and A. Bausi, eds, Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, IV (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2010), 554a–558b.
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Solomon Gebreyes Beyene, S. 2015. ‘The Chronicle of Emperor Gälawdewos (1540-1559): a source on Ethiopia’s mediaeval historical geography’, in A. Bausi, A. Gori, D. Nosnitsin, and E. Sokolinski, eds, Essays in Ethiopian Manuscript Studies: Proceedings of the International Conference Manuscripts and Texts, Languages and Contexts: the Transmission of Knowledge in the Horn of Africa, Hamburg, 17–19 July 2014, Supplement to Aethiopica, 4 (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, 2015), 109–118.page 109-118
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Huntingford, G. W. B. 1989. The Historical Geography of Ethiopia: From the First Century ad to 1704, Ethiopic spellings revised by D. Appleyard, ed. R. Pankhurst, Fontes Historiae Africanae, Series Varia, 4 (Oxford–New York, NY: The Oxford University Press, 1989).page 14, 69, 70, 73, 76, 78, 79, 80, 83, 86, 88, 95, 102, 104, 108, 112, 116-118, 123, 126-128, 138, 142, 153-156, 168, 178, 179, 222,224, 267,
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Braukämper, U. 2002. Islamic History and Culture in Southern Ethiopia: Collected Essays, Göttinger Studien zur Ethnologie, 9 (Münster–Hamburg–London: LIT Verlag, 2002).page 24-29
Other
PhD Dissertation
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