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This app is built with exist-db, and uses Lucene as the standard search engine. This comes with several options available. A full list is here

Below very few examples.

sample result
* *custodir* add wildcards to unlimit your string search
? custodir? Will find any match for the position with the question mark.
~ ምሕረትከ~ Will make a fuzzy search. you can decide also how much fuzzy, by saying for example ምሕረትከ~0.9 which will match only 90% similar terms.
"" "ምሕረትከ፡ ይትኖለወኒ፡" Will find the exact string contained between quotes.
() (verbo OR notionem) AND ይትኖለወኒ Will find one of the two between brackets and the other string.

Input

If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

If you are using the keyboard provided, please note that there are four layers, the normal one and those activated by Shift, Alt, Alt+Shift.

Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
  • 'w','ʷ'
  • 'ʾ', 'ʿ'
  • '`', 'ʾ', 'ʿ' (note that you can use the tick if you are not sure about the two, but none will be inferred for you)
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
  • 'ሁ', 'ሑ', 'ኁ'
  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
  • If you are searching for Yāʿǝqob, you will not have a lot of luck searching Yaqob, unless some kind cataloguer has actually added it into the data as simplified spelling form. Try instead entering Yaqob~0.5 which is a fuzzy search, this will return also Yāʿǝqob. Also Ya`eqob is fine for example.

Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "3 Esr." in 2568 entries!

ዖም
3

...r. 33,18; ዖም፡ ብዙኅ፡ 4 Esr. 2,24; 4 Esr. 9...

... 4 Esr. 2,24; 4 Esr. 9,24; 4 Esr. 9,29; ተኀብኡ፡ ውስተ፡ ዖም፡ ...

...24; 4 Esr. 9,24; 4 Esr. 9,29; ተኀብኡ፡ ውስተ፡ ዖም፡ ...

ባሕቱ
3

...5,14; Rom. 7,7; 2 Tim. 3,9; Gal. 1,8; 4 Esr. 2,53; 4 Esr. 10,19; 4 Esr. 11,6; Si...

...7; 2 Tim. 3,9; Gal. 1,8; 4 Esr. 2,53; 4 Esr. 10,19; 4 Esr. 11,6; Sir. 14,20; Sir...

... Gal. 1,8; 4 Esr. 2,53; 4 Esr. 10,19; 4 Esr. 11,6; Sir. 14,20; Sir. 19,24 (ubi i...

ዝሉፍ
3

...3; Sir. 24,9; 4 Esr. 7,10; 4 Esr. 8,35; 4 ...

... 24,9; 4 Esr. 7,10; 4 Esr. 8,35; 4 Esr...

... 4 Esr. 8,35; 4 Esr. 9,21; et እስከ፡ ለዝሉፉ፡ ...

አኅደገ
3

... re, ut a consilio: ከመ፡ ያኅድግዎሙ፡ ምክሮሙ፡ 2 Esr. 4,5; a consuetudine: ኣኀድገኪ፡ ዝሙተኪ፡ ...

... a munere: አኅደግዎ፡ክህነቶ፡ 1 Esr. 5,39. ...

... , seq. Infin.: አኅደግዎሙ፡ ሐኒጸ፡ 1 Esr. 5,70; Jes. 28,9. Transit. ...

ነዓ
3

...ε χαὶ ἥκατε Jes. 45,20; Matth. 14,28; 4 Esr. 13,62; c.c. adv. vel Acc. vel ...

... ነዓ፡ ኀቤየ፡ δεῦρο πρὸς μέ 1 Reg. 17,44; 4 Esr. 3,26; Sir. 24,19; Jes. 48,16; ነዓ፡ ኀ...

...18; Jes. 2,3; Jer. 11,19; Jer. 18,18; 2 Esr. 12,17; Gen. 11,3; Gen. 11,4; Gen. 1...

ሂ
3

...,59; Prov. 4,3; Jes. 66,4; Tob. 12,3; 4 Esr. 2,5; 4 Esr. 11,14; 4 Esr. 11,15; ወ...

...,3; Jes. 66,4; Tob. 12,3; 4 Esr. 2,5; 4 Esr. 11,14; 4 Esr. 11,15; ወኢ – ሂ፡ ne –...

... Tob. 12,3; 4 Esr. 2,5; 4 Esr. 11,14; 4 Esr. 11,15; ወኢ – ሂ፡ ne – quidem Prov....

ተዐገሠ
5

...χεσθαί τινος Matth. 17,17; Jes. 46,4; 4 Esr. 7,38; ተዐገሥኮሙ፡ ዓመታተ፡ ብዙኀ፡ εἵλκυσας ἐ...

...ዐገሥኮሙ፡ ዓመታተ፡ ብዙኀ፡ εἵλκυσας ἐπ’ αὐτούς 2 Esr. 19,30. ...

... dolores, mala, al.: 4 Esr. 5,18; 4 Esr. 6,63; 4 Esr. 6,70; Ps....

አኀዘ
10

...3; Hez. 8,3; Gen. 19,16; Deut. 25,11; 4 Esr. 10,44; c.c. በ፡ rei vel pers.: አመ፡ አ...

... Reg. 3,2; 1 Reg. 22,15; 2 Par. 3,1; 2 Esr. 4,4; 2 Esr. 5,2; 1 Esr. 4,1; Tob. 7...

...1 Reg. 22,15; 2 Par. 3,1; 2 Esr. 4,4; 2 Esr. 5,2; 1 Esr. 4,1; Tob. 7,14; Tob. 10...

ዚአየ
6

...Jes. 57,12; ዝሰ፡ ኵሉ፡ ዘዚአየ፡ Jes. 66,2; 4 Esr. 9,34; Gen. 31,43; maxime ubi neutr...

...ለያልዩ፡ ዘዘዚአሆሙ፡ Hez. 37,7; ቃሎሙ፡ ዘዘዚአሆሙ፡ 1 Esr. 3,8; 4 Esr. 4,48; 4 Esr. 4,49; 4 Es...

...፡ Hez. 37,7; ቃሎሙ፡ ዘዘዚአሆሙ፡ 1 Esr. 3,8; 4 Esr. 4,48; 4 Esr. 4,49; 4 Esr. 4, 50; 4 ...

መንፈስ
6

...፡ ψυχή Sir. 16,30; ትፃእ፡ እምላዕሌሁ፡ መንፈሱ፡ 4 Esr. 6,51; ወፅአት፡ መንፈሱ፡ Matth. 27,50; ሥጋ፡...

...ሥጋ፡ ዘአልቦ፡ መንፈስ፡ Jac. 2,26; Gen. 1,20; 4 Esr. 1,5; መንፈሰ፡ ሕይወት፡ Hez. 37,5; Hez. 3...

... Rom. 8,16; Ex. 23,9; ሐመት፡ መንፈስየ፡ ጥቀ፡ 4 Esr. 12,8; የሐዝኖ፡ መንፈሱ፡ Kuf. 34; መንፈስ፡ ትክ...

ዓለም
6

... et fem. (ut Jes. 14,17; Jes. 34,1; 4 Esr. 1,19 var.; Ps. 9,8; Ps. 92,2), Pl....

... Judaeis et Christianis ( Weltlauf ): 4 Esr. 5,31; 4 Esr. 5,32; 4 Esr. 5,33; 4 E...

...hristianis ( Weltlauf ): 4 Esr. 5,31; 4 Esr. 5,32; 4 Esr. 5,33; 4 Esr. 14,8 seq....

ፍኖት
6

...λαί σου Cant. 4,13; ፍናዋት፡ Judith 5,1; 4 Esr. 6,55; በእንተ፡ ፍናዋት፡ ወጽጐጓት፡ ወመራሕብት፡ F....

... Reg. 18,23; Matth. 10,5; Hebr. 9,8; 4 Esr. 5,6; 4 Esr. 5,7. quivis meatus , ...

...; Matth. 10,5; Hebr. 9,8; 4 Esr. 5,6; 4 Esr. 5,7. quivis meatus , aditus , e...

አሚር
3

...b. 10,7; Dan. apocr. 1,8; Hez. 46,13; 4 Esr. 9,42; 4 Reg. 25,30; Job 1,4; ኵሎ፡ አሚ...

...die 2 Esr. 5,16, vel እምይእተ፡ አሚረ፡ 1 Esr. 6,19;...

... 2 Esr. 5,16, vel እምይእተ፡ አሚረ፡ 1 Esr. 6,19; 1 Reg. 16,13 annot.; 1 Reg. ...

ሥርው
3

...ices agere vel capere : ወደየ፡ ሥርወ፡ { 4 Esr. 8,47}; Macc. f. 5; ገብረ፡ ሥርወ፡ Sir. 3...

...መፃ፡ Hen. 91,5; Hen. 91,8; Hen. 91,11; 4 Esr. 1,22; 4 Esr. 3,36. In specie est ...

...; Hen. 91,8; Hen. 91,11; 4 Esr. 1,22; 4 Esr. 3,36. In specie est principium , ...

ፈለጠ
3

...31,26; Ruth 1,17; c. Acc. et በበይናት፡ 4 Esr. 4,58; ይፍልጥዎሙ፡ በበይናቲሆሙ፡ F.M. 5,10; c...

... , c. Acc. : ወፈለጠ፡ ዕዝራ፡ ዕደወ፡ 2 Esr. 10,16; Deut. 4,41; Deut. 10,8; Deu...

...re , 1 Esr. 5,1. ...

በላዕለ
3

...in terra nati sunt 4 Esr. 10,13; በላዕሉ፡ ...

... (tamquam semen vobis superinjectum) 4 Esr. 9,31; Ruth 4,1...

...ለ፡ ትሑታን፡ Sir. 3,20; 4 Esr. 6,35; ልቦሙ፡ በላዕ...

አንበበ
3

... ὑμνῳδοῦντες 1 Par. 25,6; ὑψῶσαι ᾠδήν 2 Esr. 3,12; 2 Esr. 22,46; ὑμνεῖν Dan. 3,2...

...1 Par. 25,6; ὑψῶσαι ᾠδήν 2 Esr. 3,12; 2 Esr. 22,46; ὑμνεῖν Dan. 3,24; ኣነብብ፡ ወእሴብ...

...sth. 6,1; c. በቅድመ፡ pers.: Hen. 89,63; 2 Esr. 4,23; c. ውስተ፡ እዝነ፡ Jer. 43,6; Jer. ...

ማሕፀንት
1

...ብእ፡ ምድር፡ ማሕፀንታ፡ Hen. 51,1; Mavâs. 70; 4 Esr. 2,51; F.N. 29. – Voc. Ae.: ማሕፀንት፡ ...

ተፈነወ
1

... 7,8; Asc. Jes. 7,16; Asc. Jes. 7,17; 4 Esr. 2,1; Matth. 15,24; Matth. 23,37; Lu...

አሕረመ
1

... Jos. 6,18; Jos. 7,1 seq.; Jud. 1,17; 2 Esr. 10,8; 1 Reg. 15,3. illicitum di...

ሂ
2
pdfTEI/XML
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Dillmann*Dillmann, Christian Friedrich August. Lexicon linguae aethiopicae, cum indice latino. Adiectum est vocabularium tigre dialecti septentrionalis compilatum a W. Munziger. Lipsiae: Th.O. Weigel, 1865. and follow-up projects, Latin

Table/Text
adverbium, adverbialiteradv.suff., a radice pronominali propagatum ( gramm.§ 62,1,b et gramm.§ 168,1,3):
2)etla, –quela( τε ), sive per se Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 50,21 , sive (id quod longe frequentius occurrit) cum ወ conjunctum: ወ – ሂ፡ exempli gratiaex. gr.: ወለዘሂ፡ ነሥአከ፡ ልብሰከ፡ Lucae evangelium.Luc. 6,29 ; Matthaei Evangelium.Matth. 6,5 ; in sententiis negativis: necla, nequela. Inde ሂ፡ – ወሂ፡ et – etla, cum – tumla, ut – italaGenesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 41,11 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 47,3 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 47,18 ; Numeri, liber Pentateuchi.Num. 18,3 ; Jesaiae prophetia.Jes. 7,20 ; Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 5,11 ; ad Romanos epistola Pauli.Rom. 9,15 ; ad Philippenses epistola Pauli.Phil. 4,12 ; idem significat ሂ፡ – ወ፡ Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 33,17 ; ሂ፡ ወ – ኒ፡ Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 42,35 . Cum እመ፡ conjunctum እመሂ፡ – ወእመሂ፡ est: sive – sivela, nec non ወእመሂ፡ per se sivelasignificare potest, videasvid. እመ፡
3)adverbiis interrogativis, ut አይቴ፡ , maxime autem pronominibus interr. መኑ፡ et ምንት፡ annexum ሂ፡ vim indefinitorum tribuit; videasvid. መኑ፡ , ምንት፡ , አይቴ፡ al.
information type values
PoS adv.
transcription
translations etiam la quoque la item la et ipse la ego quoque la et is quoque la ne – quidem la etiamsi la quamvis la et la –que la nec la neque la et – et la cum – tum la ut – ita la sive – sive la sive la
morphology adv.
references Prov. 1,26 Prov. 4,3 Sir. 17,31 Matth. 5,46 Matth. 13,12 Rom. 6,5 Rom. 6,11 Tit. 3,3 Gen. 12,4 Num. 12,2 Deut. 9,20 Dan. apocr. 1,59 Prov. 4,3 Jes. 66,4 Tob. 12,3 4 Esr. 2,5 4 Esr. 11,14 4 Esr. 11,15 Prov. 21,10 Jer. 4,30 Jer. 14,12 Gen. 50,21 Luc. 6,29 Matth. 6,5 Gen. 41,11 Gen. 47,3 Gen. 47,18 Num. 18,3 Jes. 7,20 Hez. 5,11 Rom. 9,15 Phil. 4,12 Gen. 33,17 Gen. 42,35
labels vid.ex. gr.vid.vid.
gender
case
bibliography gramm. gramm.
column

TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
hi
Grébaut
ሂ፡ enclictic particleencl. particle
1) Affirmation
a) Mise an relief : tantôt ሂ፡ , tantôt ወ―ሂ፡ .
b) Élément de liaison : ordinairement ወ―ሂ፡ , plus rarement ሂ፡ .
c) Idée de répartition : tantôt ሂ፡ ―ወሂ፡ , tantôt ሂ፡ ―ወ፡ .
d) Notion d’indéfini : s’ajoute aux pronoms interrogatifs መኑ፡ et ምንት፡ ; régulièrement መኑሂ፡ , ምንትሂ፡ , par exception ወመኑሂ፡ , ወምንትሂ፡ .
e) Disjonction: s’ajoute à la conjonction እመ፡ , tantôt እመሂ፡ ―ወእመሂ፡ , tantôt እመሂ፡ ―ወለእመሂ፡ .
f) Double interrogation indirecte : s’ajoute à la conjonction ወለእመ፡ du second membre de l’interrogation, tantôt እመ፡ ―ወለእመሂ፡ , tantôt ለመሂ፡ ―ወለእመሂ፡ .
g) Change la conjonction hypothétique እመ፡ en conjonction concessive እመሂ፡ .
2) Négation
a) Mise an relief : ወኢ―ሂ፡ (ordinairement avec le ወ copulatif); ኢ―ሂ፡ (rarement sans cette copule).
b) Élément de liaison : ወኢ―ሂ፡ (ordinairement avec le ወ copulatif); ኢ―ሂ፡ (rarement sans cette copule).
c) Idée de répartition : tantôt ኢ―ሂ፡ ―ኢ―ወሂ፡ , tantôt ኢ―ሂ፡ ―ኢወ፡ .
d) Notion d’indéfini : α. S’ajoute à መኑ፡ (avec ou sans le ወ copulatif) : ኢመኑሂ፡ , አልቦ፡ መኑሂ፡ , ወኢመኑሂ፡ , ወአልቦ፡ መኑሂ፡ .
β) S’ajoute rarement à ምንት፡ (avec ou sans le ወ copulatif) : ኢምንትሂ፡ , ወኢምንትሂ፡ .
γ) S’ajoute rarement à ማእዜ፡ , soit ኢማእዜሂ፡ .
δ) S’ajoute assez souvent à አይቴ፡ , soit ኢአይቴሂ፡ .
Cette particule enclictique ሂ፡ est concurrencée en ses diverses significations par la particule ኒ፡ .
1–2
Leslau
ሂ hi alsoen, anden, furtheren, evenen, the veryen, for one’s parten (e.g. አነሂ ʾana-hi I, for my parten);
is attached to መኑ mannu , ምንት mǝnt , አይቴ ʾayte ( መኑሂ mannu-hi , ምንትሂ mǝntǝ-hi , አይቴሂ ʾayte-hi ), mostly in negative sentences; it expresses the indefinite ‘no one, nothing, nowhere’;
it is combined with እመ- ʾǝmma- in እመሂ ʾǝmma-hi thoughen, even thoughen;
እመ...ወለእመሂ ʾǝmma…walaʾǝmma-hi either … oren; እመሂ...ወእመሂ ʾǝmma-hi…waʾǝmma-hi either … oren;
in the meaning ‘and’ it can be repeated, as in አነሂ፡ወውእቱሂ ʾana-hi wawǝʾǝtu-hi both I and heen, I and heen; or in -ሂ...-ኒ -hi…-ni , as in እሙንቱሂ፡ ወአቡሆሙኒ ʾǝmmuntuhi waʾabuhomuni they as well as their fatheren 213a
information type values
PoS encl. particle
transcription hi hi ʾana-hi mannu mǝnt ʾayte mannu-hi mǝntǝ-hi ʾayte-hi ʾǝmma- ʾǝmma-hi ʾǝmma…walaʾǝmma-hi ʾǝmma-hi…waʾǝmma-hi ʾana-hi wawǝʾǝtu-hi -hi…-ni ʾǝmmuntuhi waʾabuhomuni
translations alsoen anden furtheren evenen the veryen for one’s parten I, for my parten thoughen even thoughen either … oren either … oren both I and heen I and heen they as well as their fatheren
morphology encl. particle
references
labels
gender
case
bibliography 1–2 213a
column
RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Leslau on 15.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Grebaut on 11.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 11.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added submeanings on 11.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added all menaings on 11.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrected structure on 11.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrected gamma on 11.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added comma on 11.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 11.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added full stop on 11.8.2022
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo added missing nested sense on 10.7.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt last updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 19.4.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo exported from lexicon to XML on 16.1.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo updated lexicon XML file adding nested senses on 16.1.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 22.11.2016
    ሂ, lemma contributed by Andreas Ellwardt Pietro Maria Liuzzo Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2022-08-15 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/Lec87b03689b84ec3b06a4d9826b31278 , accessed on 2024-11-13

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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This app is a prototype Beta version. Be aware that it might not be available at times also without prior notice, it might still crash or work only in part. The data is also undergoing continuous editorial work and the numeric results should not be used without caution. It has no proper style associated first of all and it is not meant to work in all browser and all machines. We assume you will have the latest Chrome for best experience and that you will have the NOTO font family installed on your machine. You should be able to use the app with any browser but we cannot guarantee even the minimum look and feel. Click the orange button if you want to report a problem, we are glad to keep track.

Among the many known issues and adjustments that are still to be carried out, note the following: particularly in Syriac and Arabic passages, at times, space between words is not correctly displayed; conversely, in some passages superfluous extra-spaces are displayed; Coptic entries might not be correctly displayed, especially if you do not have fonts for Coptic (see above).

Page number links will link you to the Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae online pdf version by Ran HaCohen. The correctness of the page link depends on the correctness of the data.