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Below very few examples.

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If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

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Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
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  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
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  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
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Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "II." in 1311 entries!

ትለቤ
2

... Vid. Bruce III 116; Rüppell II 20; Harris II Anh. p. 34.} ...

... Bruce III 116; Rüppell II 20; Harris II Anh. p. 34.} ...

ተሐመ
2

... exempla nulla reperi: Passivum stirpis II,1 stirpe I,1 et ejus Reflexivum stir...

...,1 stirpe I,1 et ejus Reflexivum stirpe II,1 sequente ርእሶ፡ vel ነፍሶ፡ significare...

አብረደ
2

... አብረደ II,1 [بَرُدَ ...

... frigidus fuit ; I et II refrigeravit ...

አሰለጠ
2

አሰለጠ ʾasallaṭa አሰለጠ፡ ʾasallaṭa II,2 ያሴልጥ፡, ያሰልጥ፡ profuit, être utile, servir ― ጠቀ...

...forme verbale causative intensive አሰለጠ፡ II,2 n’est pas enregistrée dans le .) ...

አስተናጕዐ
1

... IV,3 i.q. II,1, ut: ያስተናጕዕ፡ ሥብሖሙ፡ ...

አቅምሐ
1

... አቅምሐ II,1 pabulum praebere vel objicere ...

አኀረ
1

... I,2 vel አእኀረ፡ II,1 [i.q. أَخَّرَ, אֵחַר, ܐܰܘܚܰܪ, vid....

I ቀነየ
1

... I,1 [cui radici praeter II ቀነወ፡ amh. ቀኘ፡ et ቅኔ፡, comparanda sun...

አጽገየ
1

... አጽገየ II,1 ...

ገበጣ
1

...xicis amh. non occurrit, at sec. Harris II p. 192 ludus ገበጣ፡ etiamnunc Abyssini...

ሰደቀ
1

...incubuit rei, II compos...

ጥንፍሕ
1

...ን፡ አዕይንቲሁ፡ በአምሳለ፡ ጥንፍሕ፡ (e Prov. 23,29) II Const. Ap. 7; at ጥንፍሕ፡ III Const. Ap...

አኮፈ
1

... (an አክወፈ፡?) II,1 re aliqua incurvata vel cava, ut ...

ቃነየ
1

... I,3 (cfr. ቃና፡ sub II ቀነወ፡) modulari...

አውደደ
1

... አውደደ II,1 ...

አርፈደ
1

... አርፈደ II,1 dubiae significationis: አልቦ፡ ዘያመጽእ...

ቆሞስ
1

...ስ፡, Lud. (Vid. etiam . III,7,26; Harris II p. 165). ...

በዘተ
1

...inavit , فَشَّ II id.; ܦܽܘܫܳܫܳܐ ...

አሕቀፈ
1

... አሕቀፈ II,1 ...

አሥነቀ
1

... አሥነቀ II,1 commeatum parare , commeatu inst...

ኅዱግ
618
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Dillmann*Dillmann, Christian Friedrich August. Lexicon linguae aethiopicae, cum indice latino. Adiectum est vocabularium tigre dialecti septentrionalis compilatum a W. Munziger. Lipsiae: Th.O. Weigel, 1865. and follow-up projects, Latin

Table/Text
information type values
PoS part.
transcription
translations relictus la desertus la dimissus la omissus la remissus la repudiata la
morphology part.
references Jes. 60,15 Jes. 62,4 Jes. 54,6 Matth. 5,32 Kedr f. 62 Phlx. 35.
labels
gender
case
bibliography
column

TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
ḫǝdug , ሕዱግ፡ ḥǝdug ; እዱግ፡ ǝdug , ዱግ፡ dug 688 Substantivumsubst. pluralisPl. ኃደግት፡ ḫādagǝt
1) representativeen deputyen (see also example sentences in 2)) ማዕጠንተ፡ ገዛ፡ ቀሳውስት፡ እዳ፡ ቀሲስ፡ ቈልዓ፡ ዘይቤ፡ መርቆሬዎስ። ‘Māʿeṭant de la peuplade des prêtres (gazā qasāwest). Edda qasis Qualʿā, c’est-à-dire Marqorēwos.fr’ 14 l. 14 l. 20–21 (ed.), 15 l. 15–16 (tr.); ሕዱግ፡ ዘአምባ፡ ሠነይት፡ ‘ḥǝdug d’Ambā Sanaytfr’ 30 l. 32–31 l. 1 (ed.), 36 l. 3–4 (tr.); ሥዩመ፡ ተንቤን፡ ወሕዱጉ፡ ወራቅ፡ መአሰሬሁ፡ ወቃለ፡ ነጋሢሁ፡ ‘au chef du Tambēn, à son vicaire, à son rāq maʾasarē, et à son porte-parolefr’ 40 l. 9 (ed.), 47 l. 20–21 (tr.); ወበጽራዕሂ፡ ሥዩማኒሆሙ፡ ወዘታሕቴሆሙ፡ ኅዱግ፡ ወአፈ፡ ሹም፡ በስምዕ፡ ወበአንበሳ፡ ወበመዓር፡ ወበቀለታ፡ ወበሕዳድ፡ አሕረምነ፡ ከመ፡ ኢይባኡ፡፡ ‘Dans le Ṣerāʿ, nous avons défendu d’y entrer aux chefs des pays et à leurs subordonnés, les vicaires et les porte-parole des chefs, pour la cire, le lion, le miel, pour l’aumône et le ḥedādfr’ 40 l. 11–13 (ed.), 47 l. 23–26 (tr.)
a) ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ ḫǝdug rās , ሕዱግ፡ ራእስ፡ ḥǝdug rāʾǝs , ሕዱግ፡ ራስ፡ ḥǝdug rās , pluralisPl. ሕዱግ፡ ራእሶት፡ ḥǝdug rāʾǝsot deputy of the bitwadad videasvid. ቢትወደድ፡ and of the emperor ወኀልቁ፡ ብዙኃን፡ ወሞቱ፡ ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ ማኅፀንቶ፡ ወገብረ፡ መድኅን፡ ዓምዱ፡ ሸዋ፡ ጸሓፈላም፡ ‘Viele fielen, so der Ḫǝdug-Rās Māḥṣanto, Gabra-Madḫan, ʿĀmdu der Šawā-Ṣaḥafa-Lāhm{sic}de’ 13 l. 7–8 (ed.), 12 l. 15–16 (tr.); ሕዱግ፡ ራእስ፡ ዘድንግል፡ ‘le ḥedug rāʾes, Za-Dengelfr’ 34 l. 22 (ed.), 40 l. 20–21 (tr.); ወሕዱግ፡ ራእሶት፡ በትሮ፡ ወሜልኮ፡ ‘les ḥedug rās, Batro et Me{sic}lkofr’ 46 l. 21–22 (ed.), 56 l. 5 (tr.), videasvid. ራእስ፡ , videasvid. ራስ፡
α) ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ በቀኝ፡ ḫǝdug rās baqaññ , ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ የቀኝ፡ ḫǝdug rās yaqaññ literallylit. ‘deputy of the rās on/of the right’ ወሕዱግ፡ ራስ፡ ዘግራ፡ ዕንቈ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ወበቀኝ፡ አይከሰስ፡ ‘le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et celui de gauche, Aykassasfr’ 38 l. 8–9 (ed.), 45 l. 2–3 (tr.); እንዘ፡ ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ የግራ፡ ዕንቈ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ወቀኝ፡ ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ ፋኑኤል፡ ‘alors que le ḫedug rās de droite était ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et le ḫedug rās de gauche était Fānuʾēlfr’ 38 l. 30–31 (ed.), 46 l. 2–3 (tr.); ወሕዱግ፡ ራስ፡ በግራ፡ ዕንቈ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ወበቀኝ፡ ሕዱግ፡ ራስ፡ አይከሰስ፡ ‘le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et le ḥedug rās de gauche Aykassasfr’ 41 l. 1–2 (ed.), 48 l. 17–18 (tr.), videasvid. ቀኝ፡
β) ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ በግራ፡ ḫǝdug rās bagrā , ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ ዘግራ፡ ḫǝdug rās zagrā , ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ የግራ፡ ḫǝdug rās yagrā literallylit. ‘deputy of the rās on/of the left’ ወሕዱግ፡ ራስ፡ በግራ፡ ዕንቈ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ‘le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryātfr’ 37 l. 6 (ed.), 43 l. 30 (tr.); ወሕዱግ፡ ራስ፡ ዘግራ፡ ዕንቈ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ወበቀኝ፡ አይከሰስ፡ ‘le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et celui de gauche, Aykassasfr’ 38 l. 8–9 (ed.), 45 l. 2–3 (tr.); እንዘ፡ ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ የግራ፡ ዕንቈ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ወቀኝ፡ ኅዱግ፡ ራስ፡ ፋኑኤል፡ ‘alors que le ḫedug rās de droite était ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et le ḫedug rās de gauche était Fānuʾēlfr’ 38 l. 30–31 (ed.), 46 l. 2–3 (tr.); ወሕዱግ፡ ራስ፡ በግራ፡ ዕንቈ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ወበቀኝ፡ ሕዱግ፡ ራስ፡ አይከሰስ፡ ‘le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et le ḥedug rās de gauche Aykassasfr’ 41 l. 1–2 (ed.), 48 l. 17–18 (tr.), videasvid. ግራ፡
b) ሕዱገ፡ ዘሐለስትዮ፡ ḥǝduga zaḥalastǝyo (title) literallylit. ‘the representative of monkey’ a person in charge of the ʾĀmbā Śanayt ወሥዩመ፡ እምባ፡ ሠነይትሂ፡ ነበረ፡ እንዘ፡ ይትበሀል፡ ሕዱገ፡ ዘሐለስትዮ፡ ‘Le chef d’Embā Sanayt était donc appelé le ḥedug des halastyofr’ 31 l. 6–7 (ed.), 36 l. 10–11 (tr.), videasvid. ሐለስትዮ፡
2) the Patriarch’s deputy who was an non-commissioned officer 791a (the following examples might as well refer to meaning 1) እመሂ፡ ሥዩም፡ ወሕዱግ፡ ‘le gouverneur (seyum) ou le vicaire (ḥedug)fr’ 29 l. 2 (ed.), 33 l. 8–9 (tr.); እንዘ፡ ኃደግት፡ ገብረ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ወመባዕ፡ ‘tandis que les vicaires étaient Gabra Krestos et Mabāʿfr’ 39 l. 5 (ed.), 46 l. 11–12 (tr.)
information type values
PoS subst.
transcription ḫǝdug ḥǝdug ǝdug dug ḫādagǝt ḫǝdug rās ḥǝdug rāʾǝs ḥǝdug rās ḥǝdug rāʾǝsot ḫǝdug rās baqaññ ḫǝdug rās yaqaññ ḫǝdug rās bagrā ḫǝdug rās zagrā ḫǝdug rās yagrā ḥǝduga zaḥalastǝyo
translations representativeen deputyen Māʿeṭant de la peuplade des prêtres (gazā qasāwest). Edda qasis Qualʿā, c’est-à-dire Marqorēwos.fr ḥǝdug d’Ambā Sanayt fr au chef du Tambēn, à son vicaire, à son rāq maʾasarē, et à son porte-parolefr Dans le Ṣerāʿ, nous avons défendu d’y entrer aux chefs des pays et à leurs subordonnés, les vicaires et les porte-parole des chefs, pour la cire, le lion, le miel, pour l’aumône et le ḥedādfr Viele fielen, so der Ḫǝdug-Rās Māḥṣanto, Gabra-Madḫan, ʿĀmdu der Šawā-Ṣaḥafa-Lāhm{sic} de le ḥedug rāʾes, Za-Dengelfr les ḥedug rās, Batro et Me{sic}lko fr le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et celui de gauche, Aykassas fr alors que le ḫedug rās de droite était ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et le ḫedug rās de gauche était Fānuʾēlfr le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et le ḥedug rās de gauche Aykassasfr le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryātfr le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et celui de gauche, Aykassas fr alors que le ḫedug rās de droite était ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et le ḫedug rās de gauche était Fānuʾēlfr le ḥedug rās de droite, ʿEnqua Ḥawāryāt, et le ḥedug rās de gauche Aykassasfr Le chef d’Embā Sanayt était donc appelé le ḥedug des halastyo fr le gouverneur (seyum) ou le vicaire (ḥedug) fr tandis que les vicaires étaient Gabra Krestos et Mabāʿfr
morphology subst.
references
labels Pl.Pl.vid.vid.vid.lit.vid.lit.vid.lit.vid.
gender
case
bibliography 688 14 l. 14 l. 20–21 (ed.) 15 l. 15–16 (tr.) 30 l. 32–31 l. 1 (ed.) 36 l. 3–4 (tr.) 40 l. 9 (ed.) 47 l. 20–21 (tr.) 40 l. 11–13 (ed.) 47 l. 23–26 (tr.) 13 l. 7–8 (ed.) 12 l. 15–16 (tr.) 34 l. 22 (ed.) 40 l. 20–21 (tr.) 46 l. 21–22 (ed.) 56 l. 5 (tr.) 38 l. 8–9 (ed.) 45 l. 2–3 (tr.) 38 l. 30–31 (ed.) 46 l. 2–3 (tr.) 41 l. 1–2 (ed.) 48 l. 17–18 (tr.) 37 l. 6 (ed.) 43 l. 30 (tr.) 38 l. 8–9 (ed.) 45 l. 2–3 (tr.) 38 l. 30–31 (ed.) 46 l. 2–3 (tr.) 41 l. 1–2 (ed.) 48 l. 17–18 (tr.) 31 l. 6–7 (ed.) 36 l. 10–11 (tr.) 791a 29 l. 2 (ed.) 33 l. 8–9 (tr.) 39 l. 5 (ed.) 46 l. 11–12 (tr.)
column
RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrections on 8.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added bibliography on 1.7.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 22.6.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 15.6.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 15.6.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added variant on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska restructuring on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added translation on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added cross references on 25.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 17.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 10.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska change on 10.3.2022
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  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska restructuring on 9.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added translation on 9.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added witness on 9.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 9.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new compound on 1.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska changed structure on 1.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new compound on 28.2.2022
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  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrections on 18.2.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new meaning on 16.2.2022
  • Andreas Ellwardt last updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 19.4.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo exported from lexicon to XML on 16.1.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo updated lexicon XML file adding nested senses on 16.1.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 22.11.2016
    ኅዱግ, lemma contributed by Andreas Ellwardt Pietro Maria Liuzzo Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2022-08-08 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/Lc169798f4e8c4a9c854be95b36421d15 , accessed on 2024-11-05

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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This app is a prototype Beta version. Be aware that it might not be available at times also without prior notice, it might still crash or work only in part. The data is also undergoing continuous editorial work and the numeric results should not be used without caution. It has no proper style associated first of all and it is not meant to work in all browser and all machines. We assume you will have the latest Chrome for best experience and that you will have the NOTO font family installed on your machine. You should be able to use the app with any browser but we cannot guarantee even the minimum look and feel. Click the orange button if you want to report a problem, we are glad to keep track.

Among the many known issues and adjustments that are still to be carried out, note the following: particularly in Syriac and Arabic passages, at times, space between words is not correctly displayed; conversely, in some passages superfluous extra-spaces are displayed; Coptic entries might not be correctly displayed, especially if you do not have fonts for Coptic (see above).

Page number links will link you to the Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae online pdf version by Ran HaCohen. The correctness of the page link depends on the correctness of the data.