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This app is built with exist-db, and uses Lucene as the standard search engine. This comes with several options available. A full list is here

Below very few examples.

sample result
* *custodir* add wildcards to unlimit your string search
? custodir? Will find any match for the position with the question mark.
~ ምሕረትከ~ Will make a fuzzy search. you can decide also how much fuzzy, by saying for example ምሕረትከ~0.9 which will match only 90% similar terms.
"" "ምሕረትከ፡ ይትኖለወኒ፡" Will find the exact string contained between quotes.
() (verbo OR notionem) AND ይትኖለወኒ Will find one of the two between brackets and the other string.

Input

If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

If you are using the keyboard provided, please note that there are four layers, the normal one and those activated by Shift, Alt, Alt+Shift.

Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
  • 'w','ʷ'
  • 'ʾ', 'ʿ'
  • '`', 'ʾ', 'ʿ' (note that you can use the tick if you are not sure about the two, but none will be inferred for you)
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
  • 'ሁ', 'ሑ', 'ኁ'
  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
  • If you are searching for Yāʿǝqob, you will not have a lot of luck searching Yaqob, unless some kind cataloguer has actually added it into the data as simplified spelling form. Try instead entering Yaqob~0.5 which is a fuzzy search, this will return also Yāʿǝqob. Also Ya`eqob is fine for example.

Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "4 Reg." in 2663 entries!

ብሔር
7

... τόπος; Gen. 21,17; 2 Reg. 7,10; ቦ፡ ብሔር፡ እምኀበ፡ ይወፅእ፡ ብሩር፡ Job ...

...7,17; ኵሉ፡ ብሔር፡ ኢመስሐ፡ πᾶσα ἡ γῆ ἠρίστα 1 Reg. 14,24; ይጼንዑ፡ መፍቅዶሙ፡ ለብሔር፡ (αἰῶνος) ...

... አሕዛብ፡ ወበሓውርት፡ ἔθνη καὶ λαοί Jes. 60,5; 4 Esr. 1,10; γλῶσσαι Dan. 3,4; Dan. 3,...

ማኅቶት
3

... 25,1 seq.; ወማኅቶት፡ ውስተ፡ እደዊሆሙ፡ Kuf. 23; 4 Esr. 10,2; ማኅቶተ፡ ጥበብ፡ 4 Esr. 14,28....

...እደዊሆሙ፡ Kuf. 23; 4 Esr. 10,2; ማኅቶተ፡ ጥበብ፡ 4 Esr. 14,28. in specie: lychnuch...

...minum (Lichtmeß) vocatur II Const. Ap. 4. – Voc. Ae.: ማኅቶት፡ ዘ፡ መብርሃት፡; aliud...

ወጠነ
3

...j. I,1 ይውጥን፡ (ut F.M. 2,11; Chrys. ho. 4; Jsp. p. 363, al.), raro ይጠን፡ (M.M. ...

...c. Infin.: ወጠነ፡ ጸውዖ፡ ስመ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ Kuf. 4; ንዌጥን፡ ጽሒፈ፡ Cod. Mus. Brit. XXIX; እም...

...ኑ፡ ለገቢር፡ Kuf. 1; ይዌጥን፡ ለገቢረ፡ ሠናይ፡ Phlx. 4; seq. በ፡ c. Infin.: ንዌጥን፡ በጽሒፈ፡ መጽሐፍ...

ግሩም
3

...7; Hen. 21,1 seq.; 4 Esr. 10,39; ...

...; Deut. 10,17; Sir. 43,29; de verbo Dei 4 Esr. 8,27; de ...

...io quod horrore sacro percellit aliquem 4 Esr. 1,4; ምእናም፡ ...

ልዑል
3

...17,26; Sir. 23,18; Ps. 12,6; Luc. 1,35; 4 Esr. 1,3; 4 Esr. ...

...23,18; Ps. 12,6; Luc. 1,35; 4 Esr. 1,3; 4 Esr. 2,2; 4 Esr...

.... 1,3; 4 Esr. 2,2; 4 Esr. 2,42; nec non de ...

ምስጢር
3

...24; arcanum alicui creditum Prov. 25,8; 4 Esr. 10,54; 4 Esr. 12,42; 3 Esr. 12,...

...icui creditum Prov. 25,8; 4 Esr. 10,54; 4 Esr. 12,42; 3 Esr. 12,43; 4 Esr. 14,...

...Esr. 10,54; 4 Esr. 12,42; 3 Esr. 12,43; 4 Esr. 14,4 (ምስጢረ፡ መዋዕል፡, deest apud L...

ትካት
3

...m 4 Esr. 9,42; Koh. 8,12; Rom. 3,25. ...

...6,9; Ps. 92,3; Act. 15,7; Matth. 13,35; 4 Esr. 10,19; እምትካታ፡ (v. እምትካት፡) 2 Es...

...έ) 1 Petr. 3,5; Col. 3,7; 1 Cor. 12,2; 4 Esr. 14,31; 1 Joh. 2,24 (ἀπ᾽ ἀρχῆς)....

ዔለ
3

...ይክሙ፡ Hos. 13,5; Hos. 13,6; Hebr. 11,37; 4 Esr. 6,54; 4 Esr. 6,66; c. እምነ፡ viae...

...5; Hos. 13,6; Hebr. 11,37; 4 Esr. 6,54; 4 Esr. 6,66; c. እምነ፡ viae ( ...

...፡ viae: ኢትኅድገኒ፡ እዒል፡ ውስተ፡ ፍኖት፡ Sx. Sen. 4; c. Acc. loci: ዔልኩ፡ ገዳመ፡ Herm. p. ...

ተምዕዐ
3

...l pers.: ኢይትመዓዕኑ፡ በበይነ፡ ዝንቱ፡ Jes. 57,6; 4 Esr. 8,33; Kuf. 30; { seq. እስመ፡ Lud...

...rc. 3,5 rom.), c. pron. suff. ትትመዐዖሙ፡ 4 Esr. 8,35; Gen. 44,18; Ps. 84,5; Jes...

...ዓዓከ፡ Koh. 7,22; Kuf. 26; nec non ትትማዕዖ፡ 4 Esr. 8,39; Pl. ይትመዓዑ፡ እምወይን፡ Hos. 7,...

ዝሉፍ
3

...,33; Sir. 24,9; 4 Esr. 7,10; 4 Esr. 8,35; 4 ...

... 24,9; 4 Esr. 7,10; 4 Esr. 8,35; 4 ...

... 24,9; 4 Esr. 7,10; 4 Esr. 8,35; 4 Esr. 9,21; e...

ትፍሥሕት
3

...አልባሰ፡ ትፍሥሕታ፡ Judith 10,3; 2 Esr. 22,43; 4 Esr. 7,28; 4 Esr. 8,62; Matth. 25,21...

...Judith 10,3; 2 Esr. 22,43; 4 Esr. 7,28; 4 Esr. 8,62; Matth. 25,21 rom.; Hebr. ...

...ez. 31,16; ከመ፡ ገነተ፡ ትፍሥሕት፡ Hez. 36,35; 4 Esr. 6,1; እመ፡ ትሬስዮን፡ ትፍሥሕተ፡ ለሰንበታት፡ ...

ገራድ
3

...lio e dello Spirito Santo, ’ 33 III l. 4–6 (ed.), 28 III l. 5, 29 III l. 1–4 ...

... l. 4–6 (ed.), 28 III l. 5, 29 III l. 1–4 (tr.); ሶበኒ፡ ተንሥኡ፡ ላዕሌሁ፡ እማዓበይተ፡ ገራጃ፡...

...amraddin ’ 21 l. 10–11 (ed.), 22 l. 3–4 (tr.) (‘Il titolo di garād è attesta...

ተቀንየ
3

... ለከንቱ፡ ተቀንየ፡ ዓለም፡ Rom. 8,20; Rom. 6,18; 4 Esr. 10,34; እመ፡ ይሰምዑ፡ ወይትቀነዩ፡ Job 36...

...rvire 4 Esr. 6,63; 4 Esr. 8,31; Job 21,15; S...

... 4 Esr. 6,63; 4 Esr. 8,31; Job 21,15; Sir. 2,1; Jes....

ውዕየ
3

... , Ex. 3,2; Num. 17,2; Jos. 6,24; 4 Esr. 10,32; 4 Esr. 14,23; ኢይውዕያ፡ አልባ...

...,2; Num. 17,2; Jos. 6,24; 4 Esr. 10,32; 4 Esr. 14,23; ኢይውዕያ፡ አልባሲሁ፡ Prov. 6,27...

... : ምድር፡ ትውዒ፡ እሙቀተ፡ ፀሓይ፡ Hen. 4; ኆኅቱ፡ ይውዒ፡ በእሳት፡ Hen. 14,12; Hen. 78...

ሂ
3

... 1,59; Prov. 4,3; Jes. 66,4; Tob. 12,3; 4 Esr. 2,5; 4 Esr. 11,14; 4 Esr. 11,1...

... 4,3; Jes. 66,4; Tob. 12,3; 4 Esr. 2,5; 4 Esr. 11,14; 4 Esr. 11,15; ወኢ – ሂ፡ ...

...4; Tob. 12,3; 4 Esr. 2,5; 4 Esr. 11,14; 4 Esr. 11,15; ወኢ – ሂ፡ ne – quidem P...

ነጸረ
5

... : ዘይኔጽር፡ σκοπός 2 Reg. 13,34. ...

... Hen. 22,2; Hen.81,1; ነጽሮቶ፡ Hen. 89,31; 4 Esr. 8,31; 4 Esr. 8,34; c. ውስተ፡ Jes....

...en.81,1; ነጽሮቶ፡ Hen. 89,31; 4 Esr. 8,31; 4 Esr. 8,34; c. ውስተ፡ Jes. 5,30. ...

ንዋይ
5

...vasa : Ps. 30,16; Rom. 9,21; Luc. 8,16; 4 Esr. 9,37; Kuf. 7; Ruth 2,9; ንዋየ፡ ቤተ...

... : በንዋይ፡ ዘቀተለ፡ ብእሲ፡ ቦቱ፡ ቢጾ፡ ይትቀተል፡ Kuf. 4; Jes. 54,16; ንዋየ፡ መዐቱ፡ Jer. 27,25. ...

...; Judith 6,12; Hez. 26,11; Gen. 27,3; 1 Reg. 21,8; Rom. 6,13; Luc. 11,21; etiam ...

ተናገረ
5

... : Ruth 4,1; ኢይኩን፡ ተናግሮ፡ እንዘ፡ ይበልዑ፡ Reg. Pach.; c. ምስለ፡ Gen. 18,27; Joh. 4,...

...ei: ተናገረ፡ ምስሌሆሙ፡ ምስጢረ፡ ምክሩ፡ Judith 2,2; 4 Esr. 1,3; ምስለ፡ ብእሲ፡ ጻድቅ፡ ዘልፈ፡ ተናገር፡...

...47; Marc. 5,36; Luc. 1,22; ደገምኩ፡ ተናግሮታ፡ 4 Esr. 10,26; c. Acc. rei: ሠናየ፡ ይትና...

ርእየ
12

... Imperf. ይሬኢ፡ (raro ይርኢ፡ ut Ps. 118,74; 4 Esr. 9,9), Subj. ይርአይ፡, Imperat. ር...

...c. seq. verbo finito, ut: ርኢክዎ፡ መጽአ፡ 1 Reg. 22,9; ርኢኩ፡ ብእሴ፡ ይጼዐን፡ Zach. 1,8; ርኢ...

...፡ እመ፡ ኮነ፡ ከመዝ፡ Jer. 2,10; Gen. 37,14; 1 Reg. 21,8; Matth. 27,49; vel aliis parti...

ቅድመ
12

... 2 Reg. 18,13 var.; ...

...; Num. 14,43; Jos. 4,23; Jos. 20,32; 1 Reg. 25,19; Judith 15,13; Matth. 5,24; M...

...ቅድሜየ፡ አንቲ፡ ዘልፈ፡ Jes. 49,16; Ps. 17,8; 1 Reg. 12,3; Gen. 31,35; Ex. 3,21; Deut. ...

ገራድ
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TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
garād , ገራጃ፡ garāǧā Substantivumsubst. title given to a gouvernor of some particular areas; attested are the areas of Adal, Ganz and Hadyā (see also the comment below) ወዘተዓደወ፡ ዘንተ፡ እመሂ፡ ባሕረ፡ ነጋሢ፡ ወእመሂ፡ ገራደ፡ ጸምአ፡ ወእመሂ፡ ስዩመ፡ ምድር፡ ዘአሕዘነ፡ ማኅበርነ፡ ውጉዘ፡ ይኩን፡ በአፈ፡ አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ። ‘Chi l’ha trasgredito, sia il bāḥra nagāsi sia il garāda Ṣamʾa (garād dello Ṣamʾa) sia il prefetto territoriale (seyuma medr) che ha afflitto la nostra comunità, sia scomunicato per bocca del Padre, del Figlio e dello Spirito Santo,it’ 33 III l. 4–6 (ed.), 28 III l. 5, 29 III l. 1–4 (tr.); ሶበኒ፡ ተንሥኡ፡ ላዕሌሁ፡ እማዓበይተ፡ ገራጃ፡ ከመ፡ ይፅብእዎ፡ ሞኦሙ፡ ወኀየሎሙ። ‘Als sich einige der Großen des Garāǧa (Garād, Gouverneur von Adal) zum Kampfe gegen ihn aufmachten, besiegte er sie gänzlichde’ 5 l. 18–19 (ed.), 5 l. 28–29 (tr.); ወካዕበ፡ ተጋብኡ፡ ላዕሌሁ፡ ወዚር፡ ሙጃሒድ፤ ወገራድ፡ እስማን፤ ወገንዝ፡ ገራድ፡ ሰምረዲን፤ ‘Wiederum vereinigten sich gegen ihr der Wazir Muǧāhid, Garād Esman (ʿUṯmān), Ganz-Garād Samraddinde’ 21 l. 10–11 (ed.), 22 l. 3–4 (tr.) (‘Il titolo di garād è attestato per il governatore del Ganz e dello Hadyā nel XVI sec. ( 728). La regione dello Ṣamʿa è nota quale luogo d’attività di Yonās, si veda il testo etiopico del Gadla Yonās in 239, e inoltre 6. Sulla figura di Yonās si veda 118–122. Il titolo di gerāt ṣamʿā fu assegnato, probabilmente da rās Mikā’ēl Sehul, a un Terkuāy, si veda ancora 8, e per l’attestazione della carica, ancora 929 (gĕrāt ṣamʿā).’ 29 n. 9)
information type values
PoS subst.
transcription garād garāǧā
translations Chi l’ha trasgredito, sia il bāḥra nagāsi sia il garāda Ṣamʾa (garād dello Ṣamʾa) sia il prefetto territoriale (seyuma medr) che ha afflitto la nostra comunità, sia scomunicato per bocca del Padre, del Figlio e dello Spirito Santo, it Als sich einige der Großen des Garāǧa (Garād, Gouverneur von Adal) zum Kampfe gegen ihn aufmachten, besiegte er sie gänzlich de Wiederum vereinigten sich gegen ihr der Wazir Muǧāhid, Garād Esman (ʿUṯmān), Ganz-Garād Samraddin de
morphology subst.
references
labels
gender
case
bibliography 33 III l. 4–6 (ed.), 28 III l. 5, 29 III l. 1–4 (tr.) 5 l. 18–19 (ed.) 5 l. 28–29 (tr.) 21 l. 10–11 (ed.) 22 l. 3–4 (tr.) 728 239 6 118–122 8 929 29 n. 9
column
RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 20.7.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added bibliography on 20.7.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added bibliography on 20.7.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska restructuring on 20.7.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added translation on 20.7.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added comment on 19.7.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 3.4.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new word on 3.4.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new entry on 22.3.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 22.3.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 22.3.2019
    ገራድ, lemma contributed by Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2022-07-20 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/Lbaafb6c16c50466a93ad263539f96435 , accessed on 2024-11-15

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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