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This app is built with exist-db, and uses Lucene as the standard search engine. This comes with several options available. A full list is here

Below very few examples.

sample result
* *custodir* add wildcards to unlimit your string search
? custodir? Will find any match for the position with the question mark.
~ ምሕረትከ~ Will make a fuzzy search. you can decide also how much fuzzy, by saying for example ምሕረትከ~0.9 which will match only 90% similar terms.
"" "ምሕረትከ፡ ይትኖለወኒ፡" Will find the exact string contained between quotes.
() (verbo OR notionem) AND ይትኖለወኒ Will find one of the two between brackets and the other string.

Input

If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

If you are using the keyboard provided, please note that there are four layers, the normal one and those activated by Shift, Alt, Alt+Shift.

Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
  • 'w','ʷ'
  • 'ʾ', 'ʿ'
  • '`', 'ʾ', 'ʿ' (note that you can use the tick if you are not sure about the two, but none will be inferred for you)
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
  • 'ሁ', 'ሑ', 'ኁ'
  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
  • If you are searching for Yāʿǝqob, you will not have a lot of luck searching Yaqob, unless some kind cataloguer has actually added it into the data as simplified spelling form. Try instead entering Yaqob~0.5 which is a fuzzy search, this will return also Yāʿǝqob. Also Ya`eqob is fine for example.

Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "Harris II p." in 3344 entries!

II ዐበለ
1

... ዐበለ II ...

II ጸብአ
1

... ጸብአ II ...

II ዘርዐ
1

... ዘርዐ II ...

II ገየረ
1

... ገየረ II ...

II መለሰ
1

... መለሰ II ...

II ሞጻሕት
1

... ሞጻሕት II ...

II ሐረሰ
1

... ሐረሰ II ...

II ከየነ
1

... ከየነ II ...

II ጠብጠበ
1

... ጠብጠበ II ...

II ሰበበ
1

... ሰበበ II ...

II ፈልፈል
1

... ፈልፈል II ...

II ዐረቀ
1

... ዐረቀ II ...

II ጠረቀ
1

... ጠረቀ II ...

II ነዝኅ
1

... ነዝኅ II ...

II ገዝአ
1

... ገዝአ II ...

II መዘገ
1

... መዘገ II ...

II ጸመ
1

... ጸመ II ...

II ጣእጥአ
1

... ጣእጥአ II ...

II ጸበበ
1

... ጸበበ II ...

II ቀበለ
1

... ቀበለ II ...

ግብር
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Dillmann*Dillmann, Christian Friedrich August. Lexicon linguae aethiopicae, cum indice latino. Adiectum est vocabularium tigre dialecti septentrionalis compilatum a W. Munziger. Lipsiae: Th.O. Weigel, 1865. and follow-up projects, Latin

Table/Text
Substantivumsubst., m. et fem. , pluralisPl. ግበር፡ et ግብራት፡
1)actiola, efficaciala, ἐνέργεια Sapientia Salomonis, apocr.Sap. 7,26 .
2)laborla, operatiola, operala, opusla( Arbeitde): ሀቦ፡ ግብሮ፡ በአምጣነ፡ ኀይሉ፡ Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 30,38 ; ኢትትማከር፡ ምስለ፡ ሀካይ፡ በእንተ፡ ግብር፡ Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 37,11 ; materfamilias ትሁቦን፡ ግብሮን፡ ለአእማቲሃ፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 190 ; Exodus, liber Pentateuchi.Ex. 1,11 ; ግብረ፡ ሐቅል፡ Exodus, liber Pentateuchi.Ex. 1,14 ; Exodus, liber Pentateuchi.Ex. 5,13 sequensseq.; Haggaei prophetia.Hagg. 1,14 ; ስድስተ፡ መዋዕለ፡ ግብር፡ Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 46,1 ; Kufâle sive Liber Jubilaeorum Aethiopice, ed. A. Dillmann 1859. 4°; citantur capita libri; nonnumquam, praemisso p., paginae.Kuf. 50 ; Exodus, liber Pentateuchi.Ex. 20,9 ; Henochi liber, Aethiopice, ed. Dillmann 1851. 4°.Hen. 10,16 ; Henochi liber, Aethiopice, ed. Dillmann 1851. 4°.Hen. 11,1 ; ጳውሎስ፡ ይሴሰይ፡ እምግብረ፡ እደዊሁ፡ Faus Manfasâwi; numerus significat sectiones et capita.F.M. 2,11 ; ይሴሰዩ፡ በግብረ፡ እደዊሆሙ፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listSx. Jac. 2 ; አብሕርት፡ ወአፍላግ፡ ይፌጽሙ፡ ግብሮሙ፡ Henochi liber, Aethiopice, ed. Dillmann 1851. 4°.Hen. 5,3 .
a)negotiumla: Danielis prophetia.Dan. 8,27 ; ኢኮነ፡ ግብረ፡ አሐቲ፡ ዕለት፡ ወኢኮነ፡ ግብረ፡ ሰኑይ፡ Ezrae et Nehemiae libri canonici.2 Esr. 10,13 ; ኵሉ፡ እለ፡ ይገብሩ፡ ግብረ፡ ንጉሥ፡ Kufâle sive Liber Jubilaeorum Aethiopice, ed. A. Dillmann 1859. 4°; citantur capita libri; nonnumquam, praemisso p., paginae.Kuf. 40, ad Ephesios epistola Pauli.Eph. 4,12 ; ብየ፡ ግብር፡ በዘ፡ አሐውር፡ Lud. e Vit. Sam.
b)officiumla, munusla: አግብኦ፡ ውስተ፡ ግብሩ፡ Kufâle sive Liber Jubilaeorum Aethiopice, ed. A. Dillmann 1859. 4°; citantur capita libri; nonnumquam, praemisso p., paginae.Kuf. 39 ; ኢይግበር፡ ሕዝባዊ፡ ግብረ፡ ክህነት፡ Didascalia Apostolorum; numerus significat capita.Did. 16 ; ግብረ፡ ዲያቆን፡ . p. 314.
c)opuslavel ministerium sacrumla: ንዋየ፡ ግበሪሆሙ፡ τὰ σκεύη τῆς λειτουργίας ad Hebraeos epistola.Hebr. 9,21 ; Exodus, liber Pentateuchi.Ex. 39,1 ; Actus apostolorum.Act. 13,2 ; ግበር፡ Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 44,14 ; እለ፡ ይገብሩ፡ ግብረ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ Judith liber apocryphus.Judith 4,14 .
3)opusla( Werkde) quod quis producit,
c)quae labore parta est merceslaPsalmi, ex editione Ludolfi.Ps. 108,19 , vel qui a planta producitur fructusla: ሐሰት፡ ግብራ፡ ለዘይት፡ Habacuci prophetia.Hab. 3,17 .
4)actiola, factumla, facinusla, opusla, agendi ratiola, facinorala, operala: ዛቲ፡ ግብር፡ haec actiolaFaus Manfasâwi; numerus significat sectiones et capita.F.M. 24,1 ; ኵሉ፡ ግብሩ፡ ድሩክ፡ Kufâle sive Liber Jubilaeorum Aethiopice, ed. A. Dillmann 1859. 4°; citantur capita libri; nonnumquam, praemisso p., paginae.Kuf. 19 ; Henochi liber, Aethiopice, ed. Dillmann 1851. 4°.Hen. 12,2 ; ቀዳሜ፡ ኵሉ፡ ግብር፡ ምክር፡ Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 37,16 ; τὸ πραχθέν Sapientia Salomonis, apocr.Sap. 14,10 ; ነኪር፡ ግብሩ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 11,4 ; Jesaiae prophetia.Jes. 5,12 ; Tobit, liber apocryphus.Tob. 12,7 ; Psalmi, ex editione Ludolfi.Ps. 43,2 ; Psalmi, ex editione Ludolfi.Ps. 63,10 ; Psalmi, ex editione Ludolfi.Ps. 76,12 ; ግብረ፡ ጽድቅ፡ Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 16,22 ; ግብረ፡ ዐመፃ፡ ምግባሮሙ፡ Jesaiae prophetia.Jes. 59,6 ; ከመ፡ ይግበሩ፡ ግብረ፡ ሠናየ፡ ad Timotheum epistola I.1 Tim. 6,18 Platt; ዐቢየ፡ ግብረ፡ ፈጸምከ፡ Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 7,25 ; ግብረ፡ እደዊሆሙ፡ Psalmi, ex editione Ludolfi.Ps. 27,6 ; τὰ ἔργα Jacobi epistola.Jac. 1,4 ; Apocalypsis Joannis.Apoc. 2,2 ; Apocalypsis Joannis.Apoc. 14,13 ; Evangelium Joannis.Joh. 5,36 ; Evangelium Joannis.Joh. 10,25 ; Evangelium Joannis.Joh. 17,4 ; ad Philippenses epistola Pauli.Phil. 2,30 ; ሠናየ፡ ግብረ፡ ገብረት፡ ላዕሌየ፡ Matthaei Evangelium.Matth. 26,10 .
b)factumla, oppos. verbo et consilio: ከመ፡ ንግበራ፡ ለዛቲ፡ ምክር፡ ግብረ፡ Henochi liber, Aethiopice, ed. Dillmann 1851. 4°.Hen. 6,4 ; Ezrae Apocalypsis; citatur secundum capita et commata editionis Laurentianae.4 Esr. 4,47 ; በግብር፡ de factola, rela, reverala(aliâs በአማን፡ ) Chrys. crebro. n. 1164
c)res agendalavel gerendala, res gestala, actala: Henochi liber, Aethiopice, ed. Dillmann 1851. 4°.Hen. 15,5 ; Koheleth (Ecclesiastes), liber biblicus.Koh. 8,6 ; Matthaei Evangelium.Matth. 18,19 ; Lucae evangelium.Luc. 1,1 ; ግብረ፡ ልኡካን፡ vel ሐዋርያት፡ inscriptus est liber πράξεις τῶν ἀποστόλων Acta Apostolorumla; nonnumquam ግብር፡ nudum, ut Liturgiae in N. T. romano impressae; numeri significant folia et columnas.Lit. 162,2 .
5)resla: ለዝ፡ ግብር፡ εἰς αὐτὸ τοῦτο ad Romanos epistola Pauli.Rom. 13,6 ; ኵሉ፡ ግብራ፡ ለገነት፡ መንክር፡ ወመድምም፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 65 ; ሠለስቱ፡ ግብራት፡ τρία Regum liber biblicum II.2 Reg. 24,12 ; ነኪር፡ ግብር፡ ξένον τι not able to find explanation in abbreviation list1 Petr. 4,12 Platt; ግብራቲሁ፡ ለዝ፡ ዓለም፡ Philexius; numerus significat quaestiones.Phlx. 3 ; ግብራት፡ ዓለማውያት፡ Fetḥa Nagast; numeri significant capita capitumque partes.F.N. p. 10 ; Philexius; numerus significat quaestiones.Phlx. 3.
a)causala: በእንተ፡ ሠላስ፡ ግብራት፡ Philexius; numerus significat quaestiones.Phlx. 11 ; Lud. e Mss. Colb.
b)ratiola, modusla: ምንት፡ ግብረ፡ ዓመት፡ በዝናማት፡ Kufâle sive Liber Jubilaeorum Aethiopice, ed. A. Dillmann 1859. 4°; citantur capita libri; nonnumquam, praemisso p., paginae.Kuf. 12 ; በአይ፡ ግብር፡ Lud.; docuit eum ኵሎ፡ ግብረ፡ ምንኵስና፡ Lud. e Vit. S.; ግብረ፡ አናቅጽ፡ . p. 305 n. 16.
6)necessitasla: እስመ፡ ግብሩ፡ ውእቱ፡ ከመ፡ ያብእ፡ መሥዋዕተ፡ ad Hebraeos epistola.Hebr. 8,3 ; de necessitate corporis, euphemistice: ወረደ፡ እምገመል፡ በእንተ፡ ግብረ፡ ሥጋ፡ Synaxaria; sequuntur nomina mensium HedarSx. Hed. 25. Adv.
a) በግብር፡
β)necessariola, omninola, utiquela( jedenfallsde): በግብር፡ ይከውን፡ ዘነበበ፡ ዮናስ፡ πάντως Tobit, liber apocryphus.Tob. 14,8 .
b) ግብር፡
α)necessariolavel ad significandum oportetla, necesse estla: ግብር፡ ይመጽእ፡ መንሱት፡ (necessario veniet i.e. necesse est veniat) Lucae evangelium.Luc. 17,1 ; Matthaei Evangelium.Matth. 18,7 ; Matthaei Evangelium.Matth. 24,6 ; ad Hebraeos epistola.Hebr. 9,16 ; Chrysostomi Tagsâʃs.Chrys. Ta. 4.
β)omninola, sanela, πάντως Lucae evangelium.Luc. 4,23 .
7)opus praestandum i.e.
a)tributumla, vectigalla τέλος Deuteronomium.Deut. 23,18 ; φόρος , ከመ፡ የሀቡ፡ ግብረ፡ Paralipomenon liber II.2 Par. 8,8 ; ርኡሰ፡ ግብር፡ Paralipomenon liber II.2 Par. 10,18 ; ይሁብዎ፡ ግብረ፡ በበዓመት፡ Paralipomenon liber II.2 Par. 27,5 .
β)reditusla: p. 303 n. 10.
b)opera servala, angariala: እለ፡ ይቀውሙ፡ ላዕለ፡ ግብር፡ ἐργοδιωκτοῦντες Paralipomenon liber II.2 Par. 8,10 .
information type values
PoS subst.
transcription
translations actio la efficacia la labor la operatio la opera la opus la Arbeit de negotium la officium la munus la opus la ministerium sacrum la opificium la ars la opus la Werk de creatura la res creata la artificium la opificium la figmentum la merces la fructus la actio la factum la facinus la opus la agendi ratio la facinora la opera la haec actio la peractio la factum la de facto la re la revera la res agenda la gerenda la res gesta la acta la Acta Apostolorum la res la causa la ratio la modus la necessitas la per vim la per necessitatem la necessario la omnino la utique la jedenfalls de necessario la oportet la necesse est la omnino la sane la tributum la vectigal la collatio la reditus la opera serva la angaria la
morphology subst. m. fem.
references Sap. 7,26 Sir. 30,38 Sir. 37,11 Clem. f. 190 Ex. 1,11 Ex. 1,14 Ex. 5,13 Hagg. 1,14 Hez. 46,1 Kuf. 50 Ex. 20,9 Hen. 10,16 Hen. 11,1 F.M. 2,11 Sx. Jac. 2 Hen. 5,3 Dan. 8,27 2 Esr. 10,13 Kuf. 40, Eph. 4,12 Kuf. 39 Did. 16 Hebr. 9,21 Ex. 39,1 Act. 13,2 Hez. 44,14 Judith 4,14 F.N. 32 F.N. 40 Sx. Genb. 19 Sx. Haml. 10 Sir. 38,28 Sir. 38,31 Sir. 38,29 Dan. apocr. 3,34 Ps. 8,4 Ps. 8,6 Ps. 18,2 Ps. 27,7 Ps. 103,25 Act. 7,41 Koh. 3,17 Jes. 29,16 Kuf. 2 Hen. 2,1 Hen. 75,6 Hen. 72,1 Gen. 4,22 Ex. 26,1 Ex. 31,5 Ex. 38,28 3 Reg. 7,2 Sir. 9,17 Sir. 14,19 Sir. 45,11 Rom. 9,20 Ps. 44,1 Kuf. 12 Kuf. 20 Jes. 17,8 Jes. 19,1 Jer. 1,16 Ps. 108,19 Hab. 3,17 F.M. 24,1 Kuf. 19 Hen. 12,2 Sir. 37,16 Sap. 14,10 Sir. 11,4 Jes. 5,12 Tob. 12,7 Ps. 43,2 Ps. 63,10 Ps. 76,12 Sir. 16,22 Jes. 59,6 1 Tim. 6,18 Sir. 7,25 Ps. 27,6 Jac. 1,4 Apoc. 2,2 Apoc. 14,13 Joh. 5,36 Joh. 10,25 Joh. 17,4 Phil. 2,30 Matth. 26,10 Kuf. p. 46, Hen. 6,4 4 Esr. 4,47 Hen. 15,5 Koh. 8,6 Matth. 18,19 Luc. 1,1 Lit. 162,2 Rom. 13,6 Clem. f. 65 2 Reg. 24,12 1 Petr. 4,12 Phlx. 3 F.N. p. 10 Phlx. 3. Phlx. 11 Kuf. 12 Hebr. 8,3 Sx. Hed. 25. Jes. 52,4 Luc. 14,23 Act. 15,29 Philem. 14 Abush. 50 F.M. 5,12 Tob. 14,8 Luc. 17,1 Matth. 18,7 Matth. 24,6 Hebr. 9,16 Chrys. Ta. 4. Luc. 4,23 Deut. 23,18 2 Par. 8,8 2 Par. 10,18 2 Par. 27,5 1 Cor. 16,1 2 Par. 8,10
labels Pl.seq.ann.rom.
gender
case
bibliography
column n. 1164

TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
gǝbr , pluralisPl. gǝbar , gǝbrāt
1) (Dillmann 7 a) ግብረ፡ እስላም፡ gǝbra ʾǝslām literallylit. ‘tax of Muslims’, meaning unknown (see Conti Rossini’s comment below) ነበረ፡ ፮ግብር፡ ፩ቅዴታ፡ ወ፩ጸማጅ፡ ወ፩ግብረ፡ እስላም፡ ‘il y avait 6 impôts: un était le qedētā; un était le ṣamāǧ; un le gebra eslāmfr’ 75 l. 27–28 (ed.), 91 l. 4–5 (tr.) (‘Mot à mot: impôt des Musulmans; je n’en sais pas le véritable caractère, ni s’il s’agit d’un impôt particulier sur les Islamites.’ 92 n. 10), videasvid. እስላም፡
Leslau
ግብረ፡ ሕማማት፡ gǝbra ḥǝmāmāt the Rite of Passion Weeken see Hammerschmidt in 117, 233a–b, videasvid. ሕማም፡
Cross-references:
a) for ቤተ፡ ግብር፡ videasvid. ቤት፡ (TraCES)
b) for ዓቃቤ፡ ንዋየ፡ ግበር፡ videasvid. ዐቃቢ፡ (TraCES)
information type values
PoS
transcription gǝbr gǝbar gǝbrāt gǝbra ʾǝslām gǝbra ḥǝmāmāt
translations il y avait 6 impôts: un était le qedētā; un était le ṣamāǧ; un le gebra eslāmfr the Rite of Passion Weeken
morphology
references
labels Pl.lit.vid.vid.vid.vid.
gender
case
bibliography 75 l. 27–28 (ed.) 91 l. 4–5 (tr.) 92 n. 10 117 233a–b
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RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added les on 24.1.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added croiss ref on 24.1.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 24.1.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 8.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added translation on 24.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Traces on 24.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added cross reference on 18.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added cross reference on 10.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new entry on 25.4.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 25.4.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 25.4.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added link on 25.4.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added link on 25.4.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska removing the meaning on 19.2.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska new menaing on 18.2.2019
  • Andreas Ellwardt Klammer, on 8.2.2019
  • Andreas Ellwardt Verschachtelung, on 4.6.2018
  • Andreas Ellwardt nochmal, on 4.6.2018
  • Andreas Ellwardt und nochmal, on 4.6.2018
  • Andreas Ellwardt Sprachkennung, on 4.6.2018
  • Andreas Ellwardt last updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 19.4.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo exported from lexicon to XML on 16.1.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo updated lexicon XML file adding nested senses on 16.1.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 22.11.2016
    ግብር, lemma contributed by Andreas Ellwardt Pietro Maria Liuzzo Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2023-01-24 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/L9f89a626df3640bea98e416571edcf62 , accessed on 2024-11-19

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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