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Search

This app is built with exist-db, and uses Lucene as the standard search engine. This comes with several options available. A full list is here

Below very few examples.

sample result
* *custodir* add wildcards to unlimit your string search
? custodir? Will find any match for the position with the question mark.
~ ምሕረትከ~ Will make a fuzzy search. you can decide also how much fuzzy, by saying for example ምሕረትከ~0.9 which will match only 90% similar terms.
"" "ምሕረትከ፡ ይትኖለወኒ፡" Will find the exact string contained between quotes.
() (verbo OR notionem) AND ይትኖለወኒ Will find one of the two between brackets and the other string.

Input

If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

If you are using the keyboard provided, please note that there are four layers, the normal one and those activated by Shift, Alt, Alt+Shift.

Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
  • 'w','ʷ'
  • 'ʾ', 'ʿ'
  • '`', 'ʾ', 'ʿ' (note that you can use the tick if you are not sure about the two, but none will be inferred for you)
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
  • 'ሁ', 'ሑ', 'ኁ'
  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
  • If you are searching for Yāʿǝqob, you will not have a lot of luck searching Yaqob, unless some kind cataloguer has actually added it into the data as simplified spelling form. Try instead entering Yaqob~0.5 which is a fuzzy search, this will return also Yāʿǝqob. Also Ya`eqob is fine for example.

Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "Ludolf p." in 2418 entries!

ኀንገረ
4

... (de quo vid. Bruce Reise V p. 145 seq.; Harris Reise II Anh. S. 5...

.... 145 seq.; Harris Reise II Anh. S. 50; Ludolf. lex. amh. c. 103; Isenb. lex. amh. ...

...olf. lex. amh. c. 103; Isenb. lex. amh. p. 122 sub አሽቆቆ፡), idem animal, quod H...

ታቦት
10

...sacra reponuntur, vid. Isenb. lex. amh. p. 97 et Isenb. lex. amh. p. 31; Rüppe...

...nb. lex. amh. p. 97 et Isenb. lex. amh. p. 31; Rüppell I. 333. Rüppell II. 112...

... Rüppell II. 112; Harris II. 168 seq.; Ludolf hist. aeth. III,6 n. 62; Ludolf co...

ስቡሕ
2

...lmorum editione Ludolf p. 324 (Ex. 15,1). – Sensu speciali:...

...editione Ludolf p. 324 (Ex. 15,1). – Sensu speciali: ቅ...

ሜላትሮን
2

...lāntron መላንትራ፡ malāntrā «palais royal (Ludolf), plancher, préseptal, banquette adh...

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 19. 75 ሜላንትራ melāntrā, ሜላንትታራ...

ኀልቀ
5

...i composuerunt Ludolf lex. c. 647, H. Hupfeld exerc. aeth....

...lf lex. c. 647, H. Hupfeld exerc. aeth. p. 21 et W. Wright in sua Jonae editio...

...e editione; cum הָלַךְ هَلَكَ i.e. ሀጕለ፡ Ludolf lex. c. 647, et F. Tuch de Ae. lingu...

ብሉዕ
3

... Herm. p. 67; p. 68; p. 69. ...

... Herm. p. 67; p. 68; p. 69. ...

... Herm. p. 67; p. 68; p. 69.

መላጺ
1

...ጺ፡ malāṣi, Pl. መላጽያን፡ malāṣǝyān «ruche (Ludolf)» ― ቀፎ፡ Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 34r. ...

አሕላሊ
1

... parfumeur (Ludolf)» ― ተኳሽ፡ Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 19r. ...

ሐጋይ
4

... ሐጋይ፡ ὁ οἶκος ὁ θερινός Am. 3,15; Herm. p. 52 (opp. ክረምት፡). Ubi duo anni tem...

...stinguuntur: ክረምት፡ መጸው፡ ማእረር፡ ሐጋይ፡ Kuf. p. 6; ጸዳይ፡ መፀው፡ ሐጋይ፡ ክረምት፡ Abush. 1; ጸ...

...I, 5, 26–33 et Isenbergius in lex. amh. p. 93 sub voce በጋ፡ de temporibus anni,...

ቀቀኖን
6

...ቀቀኖ፡ ዘ፡ ሕርኩም፡ (de qua ave vid. Harris I p. 256; Harris I p. 329; Harris II p. ...

... qua ave vid. Harris I p. 256; Harris I p. 329; Harris II p. 93; Anhänge p. 44...

...is I p. 256; Harris I p. 329; Harris II p. 93; Anhänge p. 44; Isenb. p. 118). ...

ጻይዳ
1

... Sidon urbs (Jsp. p. 315).

ማእድው
1

... scopae , Herm. p. 85. ...

ክብራታን
1

... χαβραθά (כברת) Kuf. p. 119.

ጢብሮን
1

... Tiberis fluvius (Herm. p. 1).

ሆህያት
1

... vid. sub ሀ፡ p. 1.

ቅቡል
3

... : አጽሕብት፡ ቅቡላን፡ Herm. p. 47; Herm. p. 4...

...ን፡ Herm. p. 47; Herm. p. 48; transl. ...

... 48; transl. Herm. p. 48. ...

ሐጠበ
1

...aṭaba I,1 የሐጥብ፡, ይሕጥብ፡ «fendre du bois (Ludolf), recueillir du bois (Abyssins)» ― እ...

ሥኅተ
1

...er, être dans une condition préférable (Ludolf); laisser en repos (Abyssins)» ― አረፈ...

መስእርት
1

...aśʿǝrt መሥእርት፡ maśʾǝrt «plancher, toit (Ludolf)» ― ባጥ፡ Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 35v. መ...

መሥቄ
1

...qe) «intrument pour donner la question (Ludolf)» ― ማስቻያ፡ Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 52r. ...

አጀም
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TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
ʾaǧam nomen propriumn. pr. (ethnic and religious group) non-Arabsen ማር፡ ገላውዴዎስ፡ ዘነግሠ፡ በኢትዮጵያ፡ ዓባይ፡ እምጽንፋ፡ እስከ፡ ጽንፋ፡ [...] ምስለ፡ መዊኦቱ፡ ፀሩ፡ ወአግርሮቶሙ፡ እምበር፡ አጀም፡ እስከ፡ በረ፡ ሰዓደዲን ‘Mar Gälawdewos who reigned in the greater Ethiopia from border to border [..] by defeating and chasing his enemies from the gate of ʾAǧäm to the Bär Säʿadädinen’ 4 § 3 (ed.) , 6 § 3 (tr.) (‘Beside this text, the name appears in the book of Giyorgis Wäldä Amid ( 7 ; Frankfurt, Stadt-und Universitätsbibliothek, MS or. 40 (= Rüpp. I g), Goldschmidt 1897, 71–83 (no. 21), p. 72 (Allgemeine Weltgeschichte), 72 f. 3 ). In his introduction, Wäldä Amid listed what he was going to write including the history of those kings of አዠም (but the manuscript from Rüppell collection maintains the name አዘም ) whom he called ነገስተ፡ ዝንጉዓን፡ ዘውእቶሙ፡ አዠም። (‘The Kings of foolish who are Ažäm’). And Baḥrey, in his famous work “Zenahu lägalla” ( 63 ) referring to the same work of Wäldä Amid, describes አጀም stating that ወጊዮርጊስ፡ ወልደ፡ አሚድ፡ ጸሐፈ፡ ዜናሆሙ፡ ለነገሥተ፡ አጀም፡ ዝንጉዓን፡ ዘውእቶሙ፡ እለ፡ አፍሪዶን፡ ወካልአኒሆሙ፡ ነገሥተ፡ ፋርስ፡ (‘Giyorgis Wäldä Amid has written the history of the foolish kings of Aǧäm who are those of Afridon and other kings of Persia’). Both writers generally designated the name አጀም as collective name for those non-Arabs including Persians and those of Afridon (the ancient kingdom of Persians as well as pagans). The translator of “Zenahu lägalla”, Beckingham, further noted in his commentary that አጀም (Aǧäm) in Arabic means ‘non-Arab’, ‘pagan’, and ‘Persia’ ( 196 Appendix II ). On the other hand, this name is used in the old maps until the end of the eighteenth century, which refers vaguely to the coast of Somali country, situated on the Indian Ocean. Cf. 121 . Therefore, the Arabs may have also used the same term to call the people in the coast of Somali and the Horn and thus, the name Aǧäm could have been applied for the geographical identity.’ 4 n. 5 )
information type values
PoS n. pr.
transcription ʾaǧam
translations non-Arabs en Mar Gälawdewos who reigned in the greater Ethiopia from border to border [..] by defeating and chasing his enemies from the gate of ʾAǧäm to the Bär Säʿadädin en
morphology n. pr.
references
labels
gender
case
bibliography 4 § 3 (ed.) 6 § 3 (tr.) 7 72 f. 3 63 196 Appendix II 121 4 n. 5
column
RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added bibliography on 5.9.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 5.9.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added inverted commas on 5.9.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 4.9.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new entry on 31.8.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added biblio on 31.8.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added biblio on 31.8.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added biblio on 31.8.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added inverted commas on 31.8.2019
    አጀም, lemma contributed by Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2019-09-05 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/L667f72bee4a04fa3966973b8cb28a228 , accessed on 2024-11-17

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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Among the many known issues and adjustments that are still to be carried out, note the following: particularly in Syriac and Arabic passages, at times, space between words is not correctly displayed; conversely, in some passages superfluous extra-spaces are displayed; Coptic entries might not be correctly displayed, especially if you do not have fonts for Coptic (see above).

Page number links will link you to the Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae online pdf version by Ran HaCohen. The correctness of the page link depends on the correctness of the data.