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This app is built with exist-db, and uses Lucene as the standard search engine. This comes with several options available. A full list is here

Below very few examples.

sample result
* *custodir* add wildcards to unlimit your string search
? custodir? Will find any match for the position with the question mark.
~ ምሕረትከ~ Will make a fuzzy search. you can decide also how much fuzzy, by saying for example ምሕረትከ~0.9 which will match only 90% similar terms.
"" "ምሕረትከ፡ ይትኖለወኒ፡" Will find the exact string contained between quotes.
() (verbo OR notionem) AND ይትኖለወኒ Will find one of the two between brackets and the other string.

Input

If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

If you are using the keyboard provided, please note that there are four layers, the normal one and those activated by Shift, Alt, Alt+Shift.

Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
  • 'w','ʷ'
  • 'ʾ', 'ʿ'
  • '`', 'ʾ', 'ʿ' (note that you can use the tick if you are not sure about the two, but none will be inferred for you)
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
  • 'ሁ', 'ሑ', 'ኁ'
  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
  • If you are searching for Yāʿǝqob, you will not have a lot of luck searching Yaqob, unless some kind cataloguer has actually added it into the data as simplified spelling form. Try instead entering Yaqob~0.5 which is a fuzzy search, this will return also Yāʿǝqob. Also Ya`eqob is fine for example.

Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "Jes." in 2005 entries!

ከሓዲ
2

... ἀπειθoῦσι Jes. 1,23; Num. ...

...ዝብ፡ ዐላውያን፡ ወከሓድያን፡ Jes. 65,2; Rom. ...

ነስነሰ
2

...dr f. 39; Lit. 175,3; ይነሰንሱ፡ ጽድቀ፡ ደመናት፡ Jes. 45,8; c. dupl. Acc. : ነስነስኩ፡ ምስካብየ...

... : ይነሰንስ፡ ውስተ፡ ምድር፡ ኵያንዊሁ፡ Jes. 41,2 vers. alt. ...

ኵስሕ
2

...፡ እሙንቱ፡ ከመ፡ ጾረ፡ ኵስሕ፡ (φορτίον κοπρίας?) Jes. 46,1; excremen...

...,27; ከመ፡ ይብልዑ፡ ኵስሖሙ፡ Jes. 36,12; ኵስሐ፡ ሰብ...

ተንተነ
2

...108; de ebriis: ትተነትን፡ (ተንትኖ፡) ከመ፡ ስኩር፡ Jes. 24,20; Jer. 28,7; Jes. 32,13; Job 1...

...(ተንትኖ፡) ከመ፡ ስኩር፡ Jes. 24,20; Jer. 28,7; Jes. 32,13; Job 12,25; de iis qui animo ...

ተቀብአ
2

...i: Deut. 28,40; Ex. 30,32; ይትቀብኡ፡ ዕፍረተ፡ Jes. 25,7; Judith 10,3; Am. 6,6; c. Acc...

...ገጻ፡ ዕፍረተ፡ Judith 16,7; ተቀባእ፡ κατάπλασαι Jes. 38,21. pass. illini , ungi ,...

ትዕቢት
2

...7; Sir. 10,12; Sir. 10,13; Sir. 10,18; Jes. 16,6; Jer. 31,29; Dan. 4,34; ኀበ፡ ሀለ...

... Kuf. 40; Marc. 7,22; Rom. 12,16; ὕβρις Jes. 13,11; ትዕቢት፡ ብእሴ፡ ያቴሕት፡ Prov. 29,23...

ስቁል
2

... ቦቱ፡ Jes. 22,24; ስቁላን፡ ...

... ላዕሌሁ፡ Jes. 22,25; ሰማይ፡ ...

ንኅለ
2

...ቅማ፡ Prov. 25,28; ንኅለ፡ ላዕሌሁ፡ አረፍተ፡ ጸወንከ፡ Jes. 25,12; ንኅለ፡ (v. ነኀለ፡) አረፋቲሃ፡ Jer. ...

...ωμέμων); ንኅለ፡ ሀገረ፡ መቅደስከ፡ (aliâs መዝበረ፡) Jes. 64,10. ...

ቈሰለ
2

... ): πληγῆναι Ex. 22,2; Jes. 1,5; ቈሰልኩ፡ Zach. 13,6; ቈስሉ፡ በኀጺን፡ 2...

... ቈስሉ፡ በኀጺን፡ 2 Par. 29,9; τραυματίζεσθαι Jes. 53,5; Hez. 28,16; ዘቈስለ፡ τὸ συντετρι...

ጸዳል
2

... λαμπρότης Jes. 60,3; Jes. 59,...

... λαμπρότης Jes. 60,3; Jes. 59,9 ...

ቤዘወ
2

...ክሙኑ፡ ትቤዝውዋ፡ ለነፍስየ፡ Job 16,4; Ex. 15,16; Jes. 52,3; Jes. 63,9; Ps. 30,6; Sir. 48,...

... ለነፍስየ፡ Job 16,4; Ex. 15,16; Jes. 52,3; Jes. 63,9; Ps. 30,6; Sir. 48,20; Sir. 50...

ተሰብረ
2

...፡ ትሰበር፡ Sir. 13,2; baculo 4 Reg. 18,21; Jes. 42,3 var.; arcu Jer. 28,56; malleo ...

...re Hez. 19,12; munimentis: ተሰብረ፡ ጸወንክሙ፡ Jes. 23,14; hominibus διεσχίσθησαν Ps. 3...

መሰለ
2

... በመኑ፡ ትሜስልዎ፡ (var. ታስተማስልዎ፡) ለእግዚአብሔር፡ Jes. 40,18. effigiare , figurare , ...

... (ad similitudinem exempli): ገብሮ፡ ወመሰሎ፡ Jes. 40,19; ይሜስል፡ ጽቡረ፡ በእደዊሁ፡ Sir. 38,30...

አስተየ
2

...,14; c. Acc. pers.: ከመ፡ ኣስትዮሙ፡ ለሕዝብየ፡ Jes. 43,20; Jer. 32,1; Gen. 24,18; Matt...

...ኔነ፡ { ዘያደነግፆሙ፡} Jes. 29,10; ታሰትዮ፡ ማየ፡ አእምሮ፡ Sir. 15,3; M...

ዋዕይ
2

...ሕዝብ፡ ከመ፡ ዋዕየ፡ እሳት፡ Jes. 9,19; ኢትበጽሖሙ፡ ...

... ሦክ፡ ዘገዳም፡ Jes. 33,12; ጢሰ፡ ...

አምከረ
2

...ክረ፡ Sir. 37,7; መኑ፡ ከመዝ፡ አምከረ፡ ላዕለ፡ ጢሮስ፡ Jes. 23,8; c. ለ፡ pers.: ለመኑ፡ ታመክር፡ (v. ት...

...; ዘያመክረከ፡ Sir. 37,8; መኑ፡ መማክርቲሁ፡ ዘአምከሮ፡ Jes. 40,13; Jer. 45,15; Ex. 18,19; 2 Reg...

ብሩር
2

...dictum): ብሩር፡ ጽሩይ፡ Job 22,25; Job 28,1; Jes. 13,17; Jes. 60,17; Ps. 11,7; ብሩር፡ ም...

...፡ ጽሩይ፡ Job 22,25; Job 28,1; Jes. 13,17; Jes. 60,17; Ps. 11,7; ብሩር፡ ምኑን፡ Jer. 6,3...

አስጠመ
2

...iis: አፍላግ፡ ኢያሰጥሙከ፡ Jes. 43,2; ውኂዝ፡ ...

...antur: አስጠሞሙ፡ ወይን፡ Jes. 28,7; de somno, Lit. Jac. ...

አእምሮ
2

... : አእምሮ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ Jes. 11,9; አእምሮ፡ ...

...,13; Sir. 15,3; Jes. 11,2; Prov. 1,7; Prov. 2,2; Prov. 2...

አተተ
2

...,19; አተቱ፡ (v. አተዉ፡) ዕደው፡ ጻድቃን፡ αἴρονται Jes. 57,1; ከመ፡ ኢትእትት፡ ἐξαρθῇς Prov. 20,1...

... አተቱ፡ እምርትዕ፡ (v. ተአተቱ፡) ἡ ἀλήθεια ἦρται Jes. 59,15; ወይእትት፡ ሥልጣኖሙ፡ እምኵሉ፡ መካናት፡ Ke...

ማእከል
784
pdfTEI/XML
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Dillmann*Dillmann, Christian Friedrich August. Lexicon linguae aethiopicae, cum indice latino. Adiectum est vocabularium tigre dialecti septentrionalis compilatum a W. Munziger. Lipsiae: Th.O. Weigel, 1865. and follow-up projects, Latin

Table/Text
Substantivumsubst.(id quod continetur re i.e.) mediumla, media parsla, medius locusla: እስመ፡ ይነሥእዎ፡ እማእከል፡ nam tollunt eum de mediolaJesaiae prophetia.Jes. 57,2 ; ad Thessalonicenses epistola Pauli II.2 Thess. 2,7 Platt; እሙንቱ፡ ከመ፡ ሠርዌ፡ ይውዕዩ፡ በማእከል፡ Epistola Jeremiae, apocrypha.Ep. Jer. 54 ; Leviticus, liber Pentateuchi.Lev. 11,3 ; Leviticus, liber Pentateuchi.Lev. 11,7 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 15,10 ; ያንቅዕከ፡ እማእከልከ፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listDan. apocr. 1,55 ; Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 28,18 ; መተሮ፡ ማእከሎ፡ ኀበ፡ ለምለሙ፡ Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 17,4 ; ወስተ፡ ማእከለ፡ ሰማይ፡ ἐν μεσουρανήματι Apocalypsis Joannis.Apoc. 19,17 ; በማእከል፡ ad Romanos epistola Pauli.Rom. 5,20 .
a)In Genitivo: mediusla, ut: አዕማድ፡ እለ፡ ማእከል፡ columnaela(medii i.e.) mediaelaJudicum liber.Jud. 16,29 ; መክፈልተ፡ ሀገር፡ ዘማእከል፡ Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 48,22 ; አረፍተ፡ ማእከል፡ ad Ephesios epistola Pauli.Eph. 2,14 ; idem est ዘበማእከል፡ qui in mediolai.e. mediuslaHenochi liber, Aethiopice, ed. Dillmann 1851. 4°.Hen. 74,5 .
c)In specie
α)de tempore: ማእከለ፡ መዋዕል፡ μεσότης χρόνων Sapientia Salomonis, apocr.Sap. 7,18 ;
β)centrumla: ዝንቱ፡ መካን፡ ማእከለ፡ ምድር፡ ውእቱ፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 28 ; ያንብርዎ፡ ለሥጋየ፡ ውስተ፡ ማእከለ፡ ምድር፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 10 ; not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 27.
γ)truncuslacorporis (abscisis capite manibus pedibus) Regum liber biblicum I.1 Reg. 5,4 .
δ) ማእከለ፡ አፍላግ፡ regio medialainter fluvios i.e. MesopotamialaGenesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 24,10 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 27,43 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 28,2 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 28,5 . — Acc. ማእከለ፡ frequentatur pro praepositione.
information type values
PoS subst.
transcription
translations medium la media pars la medius locus la nam tollunt eum de medio la medius la columnae la mediae la qui in medio la medius la in medio la medium la centrum la truncus la regio media la Mesopotamia la
morphology subst. Acc. Acc.
references Jes. 57,2 2 Thess. 2,7 Ep. Jer. 54 Lev. 11,3 Lev. 11,7 Gen. 15,10 Dan. apocr. 1,55 Hez. 28,18 Hez. 17,4 Apoc. 19,17 Rom. 5,20 Jud. 16,29 Hez. 48,22 Eph. 2,14 Hen. 74,5 Asc. Jes. 7,14 Asc. Jes. 7,19 Asc. Jes. 7,24 Asc. Jes. 7,29 Marc. 3,3 Apoc. 3,16 Sap. 7,18 Clem. f. 28 Clem. f. 10 Clem. f. 27. 1 Reg. 5,4 Gen. 24,10 Gen. 27,43 Gen. 28,2 Gen. 28,5
labels rom.
gender
case Acc.Acc.
bibliography
column

TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
māʾǝkal
1) (Dillmann c) )
a) ማእከለ፡ ባሕር፡ māʾǝkala bāḥr , ማእከል፡ ባሕር፡ māʾǝkal bāḥr (title) 52:18 (ed.); 68:10 (ed.) Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 11 Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 53 ; 29 l. 22 (ed.), 34 l. 13–14 (tr.); ወበሃገራይሂ፡ ሥዩመ፡ አጽቢ፡ ወሕዱግ፡ ወገዛኢ፡ ወማእከለ፡ ባሕር፡ ወአደግሲኒሁ፡ አሕረምነ። ‘Dans le Hāgarāy, au chef d’Aṣbi, au vicaire, au commendant, au māʾekala bāḥr et à son adagsini, nous avons défendu d’[y] entrerfr’ 40 l. 14–15 (ed.), 47 l. 26–28 (tr.), videasvid. ባሕር፡
b) ማእከለ፡ ተዋዛት፡ māʾǝkala tawāzāt (title) 52:17–18 (ed.); 68:10 (ed.) Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 11 Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 53 , videasvid. ተዋዛት፡
c) ማእከለ፡ አንጎት፡ māʾǝkala ʾangot (title) 52:17 (ed.) Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 11 , videasvid. አንጎት፡
Grébaut
ማእከል፡ maʾǝkal «moyenfr, le milieufr» ― ማኸል፡ Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 42r.
101
Leslau
ማእከል māʾǝkal centeren, middleen, midsten, intermediaryen
ዘማእከል zamāʾǝkal , ዘበማእከል zabamāʾǝkal mid-en, middleen (adj.) 15a
information type values
PoS
transcription māʾǝkal māʾǝkala bāḥr māʾǝkal bāḥr māʾǝkala tawāzāt māʾǝkala ʾangot maʾǝkal māʾǝkal zamāʾǝkal zabamāʾǝkal
translations Dans le Hāgarāy, au chef d’Aṣbi, au vicaire, au commendant, au māʾekala bāḥr et à son adagsini, nous avons défendu d’[y] entrerfr moyenfr le milieufr centeren middleen midsten intermediaryen mid-en middleen
morphology
references Chron. Am. 11 Chron. Am. 53 Chron. Am. 11 Chron. Am. 53 Chron. Am. 11
labels vid.vid.vid.
gender
case
bibliography 52:18 (ed.); 68:10 (ed.) 29 l. 22 (ed.) 34 l. 13–14 (tr.) 40 l. 14–15 (ed.) 47 l. 26–28 (tr.) 52:17–18 (ed.); 68:10 (ed.) 52:17 (ed.) 101 15a
column
RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Gr and Les on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Les 2 on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrected LB on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrected ā on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corerction ʾ on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 23.6.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added structure on 30.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 30.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added cross refernce on 30.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 10.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added quotation on 10.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new witness on 18.2.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 18.2.2022
  • Vitagrazia Pisani sense TraCES updated (from Marrassini1993) on 24.4.2019
  • Vitagrazia Pisani TraCES sense updated on 24.4.2019
  • Vitagrazia Pisani TraCES: small correction on 24.4.2019
  • Vitagrazia Pisani revision TraCES entry on 23.3.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani TraCES: correction in the cross reference on 23.3.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani ; added in TraCES entry on 23.3.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani In TraCES: "e.g." removed. on 24.1.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani "role name" deleted. on 9.1.2018
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo "role name" repeated after each example from Marrassini. on 9.1.2018
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo "role name" moved after ">gez!māʾǝkala bāḥr>" on 9.1.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani Sense#traces revised: "role name" instead of "office name"; examples from Marrassini with "Language" and "transcription"; "reference" updated with the number of the sentence. on 19.12.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani "((vid.)) also \*gez*አንጎት፡, ተዋዛት፡, ባሕር፡\*" added in Sense#traces on 19.12.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani "also" after ((vid.)) deleted on 19.12.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani In Sense Traces: "in" added in the parenthesis. on 2.8.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani Sense Traces: "in" deleted. on 2.8.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani reference and new use of the term from Marrassini added on 19.5.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani pipetro: fixed further uüpconversion problem in bibl template on 19.5.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo tested for #103 on 19.5.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt last updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 19.4.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo exported from lexicon to XML on 16.1.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo updated lexicon XML file adding nested senses on 16.1.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 22.11.2016
    ማእከል, lemma contributed by Andreas Ellwardt Pietro Maria Liuzzo Vitagrazia Pisani Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2024-02-05 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/L2ffdf5c9580545c9a8b89a10165e18c3 , accessed on 2024-11-03

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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This app is a prototype Beta version. Be aware that it might not be available at times also without prior notice, it might still crash or work only in part. The data is also undergoing continuous editorial work and the numeric results should not be used without caution. It has no proper style associated first of all and it is not meant to work in all browser and all machines. We assume you will have the latest Chrome for best experience and that you will have the NOTO font family installed on your machine. You should be able to use the app with any browser but we cannot guarantee even the minimum look and feel. Click the orange button if you want to report a problem, we are glad to keep track.

Among the many known issues and adjustments that are still to be carried out, note the following: particularly in Syriac and Arabic passages, at times, space between words is not correctly displayed; conversely, in some passages superfluous extra-spaces are displayed; Coptic entries might not be correctly displayed, especially if you do not have fonts for Coptic (see above).

Page number links will link you to the Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae online pdf version by Ran HaCohen. The correctness of the page link depends on the correctness of the data.