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This app is built with exist-db, and uses Lucene as the standard search engine. This comes with several options available. A full list is here

Below very few examples.

sample result
* *custodir* add wildcards to unlimit your string search
? custodir? Will find any match for the position with the question mark.
~ ምሕረትከ~ Will make a fuzzy search. you can decide also how much fuzzy, by saying for example ምሕረትከ~0.9 which will match only 90% similar terms.
"" "ምሕረትከ፡ ይትኖለወኒ፡" Will find the exact string contained between quotes.
() (verbo OR notionem) AND ይትኖለወኒ Will find one of the two between brackets and the other string.

Input

If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

If you are using the keyboard provided, please note that there are four layers, the normal one and those activated by Shift, Alt, Alt+Shift.

Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
  • 'w','ʷ'
  • 'ʾ', 'ʿ'
  • '`', 'ʾ', 'ʿ' (note that you can use the tick if you are not sure about the two, but none will be inferred for you)
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
  • 'ሁ', 'ሑ', 'ኁ'
  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
  • If you are searching for Yāʿǝqob, you will not have a lot of luck searching Yaqob, unless some kind cataloguer has actually added it into the data as simplified spelling form. Try instead entering Yaqob~0.5 which is a fuzzy search, this will return also Yāʿǝqob. Also Ya`eqob is fine for example.

Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "Jes." in 2005 entries!

ወረደ
6

...e , Ex. 19,24; Jes. 47,1; Ps. 17,11; Matth. 24,17; Marc...

...፡ Jer. 43,12; እለ፡ ተሐውሩ፡ ትወርዱ፡ ብሔረ፡ ግብጽ፡ Jes. 30,2; Jes. 31,1; Jes. 52,4; ወረዱ፡ ሲኦ...

...2; እለ፡ ተሐውሩ፡ ትወርዱ፡ ብሔረ፡ ግብጽ፡ Jes. 30,2; Jes. 31,1; Jes. 52,4; ወረዱ፡ ሲኦል፡ (v. ሲኦለ፡...

ዘበጠ
6

...r. 30,33; Num. 22,23 seq.; በበትር፡ ይዘብጠከ፡ Jes. 10,24; Prov. 23,13; Prov. 23,14; ዝብ...

...፡ Ex. 21,15; Ex. 2,11; Kuf. 4; Kuf. 47; Jes. 58,4; Jer. 44,15; Matth. 21,35; M...

...βδίζειν Ruth 2,17; Jud. 6,11; τινάσσειν Jes. 28,27. ...

ሥርው
6

...; Job 30,17; Job 40,12; ዘኀጺን፡ሥርወ፡ ክሣድከ፡ Jes. 48,4; Prov. 24,23; Hez. 37,5; Hez. ...

...29,17; Job 5,3; Deut. 15,30; Sap. 7,20; Jes. 53,2; Luc. 17,6; Matth. 13,6; Matt...

...m. 11,16 seq.; Hebr. 12,15; ይሠርጽ፡ ሥርዎሙ፡ Jes. 37,31; ኢበቈለ፡ ሥርዎሙ፡ Jes. 40,24; Hez....

ፍትሕ
6

...5; Lev. 19,35; Deut. 1,17; Deut. 17,8; Jes. 11,3; Koh. 8,5; Sir. 42,2; ፍትሐ፡ ጽድቅ...

...s. 11,3; Koh. 8,5; Sir. 42,2; ፍትሐ፡ ጽድቅ፡ Jes. 58,2; ይከውን፡ ፍትሕ፡ ላዕለ፡ ኵሉ፡ Hen. 1,7;...

... 18,19; Prov. 1,3; Job 32,10; Hab. 1,4; Jes. 1,21; Jes. 10,2; Jes. 16,5; Jes. 40...

ጸንሐ
6

...፡ Job 32,16; Ruth 1,13; እጸንሖ፡ ለእግዚአብሔር፡ Jes. 8,17; Ps. 39,1; ጽንሐኒ፡ Tob. 5,7; ጽንሖ...

...7; ጽናሕ፡ ፍሬሃ፡ ቡሩከ፡ Sir. 6,19; ጸናሕነ፡ ፍትሐ፡ Jes. 59,11; ጽንሖ፡ Hab. 2,3; Rom. 8,19; s...

...ዩስ፡ ያውሥእዎ፡ ለኢዮብ፡ Job 32,4; ጸናሕክዎ፡ ይፍረይ፡ Jes. 5,2; Jes. 5,4; Jes. 5,7; (Dan. apoc...

ምክር
6

...; 2 Reg. 15,34; 3 Reg. 1,12; Sir. 37,7; Jes. 19,11; Ps. 1,1; Ps. 118,24. quod...

...ob 5,12; Job 10,3; Job 12,13; Job 18,7; Jes. 7,7; Jes. 14,26; Jer. 29,8; Jer. 2...

...ob 10,3; Job 12,13; Job 18,7; Jes. 7,7; Jes. 14,26; Jer. 29,8; Jer. 27,45; Ps. ...

አንከረ
6

...,24; Sap. 11,15; Tob. 6,18; Tob. 11,15; Jes. 14,16; Jes. 52,5; Jes. 52,14; Jer. ...

...,15; Tob. 6,18; Tob. 11,15; Jes. 14,16; Jes. 52,5; Jes. 52,14; Jer. 4,9; Dan. 3,...

...,18; Tob. 11,15; Jes. 14,16; Jes. 52,5; Jes. 52,14; Jer. 4,9; Dan. 3,24; 4 Esr. ...

ተግባር
6

...8,56; Prov. 8,22; ተግባረ፡ እደዊሁ፡ Job 10,3; Jes. 64,8; κτίσμα 1 Tim. 4,4; κτίσις Rom...

...is peragit vel facit: ኢርእዩ፡ ተግባረ፡ እደዊሁ፡ Jes. 5,12; Ps. 103,14; Hen. 100,9; Koh. ...

...15; Sir. 38,31; ይረሥኡ፡ ውስተ፡ ተግባረ፡ እደዊሆሙ፡ Jes. 65,22; Gen. 3,17; Kuf. p. 14. In s...

ጎሐ
2

...ሕ፡ ሶቤሃ፡ ብርሃንከ፡ ῥαγήσεται πρώϊμον τό φῶς Jes. 58,8; de diluculo vel prima luce: ሶ...

... ጽባሕ፡ ዘይሠርቅ፡ ሶበ፡ ይገውሕ፡ ὁ πρωῒ ἀνατέλλων Jes. 14,12. ...

በላዒ
2

... በላዒ፡ Jes. 29,6; Jes. ...

... በላዒ፡ Jes. 29,6; Jes. 30,30; Hebr...

ዐራዝ
2

... Tim. 6,8; στολή Jes. 9,5; Gen. 45,2...

... Ex. 28,2; ዐራዞን፡ (alia earum indumenta) Jes. 3,23; ἱματισμό...

ገለፈ
2

... , γλύφειν, እለ፡ ይገልፉ፡ Jes. 44,9; ዘይክል፡ ገሊፈ፡ 2 Par. 2,7; c. Ac...

...,7; c. Acc. materiae: እለ፡ ይገልፍዎ፡ ለዕፅ፡ Jes. 45,20; Sap. 13,13; c. Acc. imagi...

ምድር
8

.... 1,2; Gen. 2,1; Gen. 9,19; Gen. 19,31; Jes. 24,4; Jes. 65,17; Jes. 66,1; Jer. ...

...2,1; Gen. 9,19; Gen. 19,31; Jes. 24,4; Jes. 65,17; Jes. 66,1; Jer. 4,28; Hen. 1...

...19; Gen. 19,31; Jes. 24,4; Jes. 65,17; Jes. 66,1; Jer. 4,28; Hen. 1,7; Hen. 2,3...

ትንሣኤ
2

.... 20,6 Platt; Asc. Jes. 3,18; Jes. 4,18; Lud. Comm. hist. p...

... Platt; Asc. Jes. 3,18; Jes. 4,18; Lud. Comm. hist. p. 303 n. 10...

ግንፋል
2

...14 seq.; Ex. 24,10; Kuf. 10; ግንፋል፡ ወድቀ፡ Jes. 9,10; Nah. 3,14; Judith 5,11; Hen....

...ብሒእ፡ ወግንፋል፡ Sx. Genb. 26. – Voc. Ae. ad Jes.: ግንፋል፡ ዘ፡ ግምብ፡ ...

ሐሊብ
2

...Thren. 10,10; Thren. 29,6; Sir. 39,26; Jes. 7,22; Jes. 60,16; Thren. 4,7; Hez. ...

...0; Thren. 29,6; Sir. 39,26; Jes. 7,22; Jes. 60,16; Thren. 4,7; Hez. 34,3; ሐሊበ፡ ...

መምዐ
2

...ሜምዑ፡ ኵሉ፡ አራዊት፡ Job 41,16; ይደነግፁ፡ ወይሜምዑ፡ Jes. 16,3; Jer. 26,5; ተመስወት፡ ደማስቆ፡ ወመምዐት...

...ት፡ ወጐየት፡ Jer. 30,13; ይሜምዑ፡ ፲፻ እምድምፀ፡ ፩፡ Jes. 30,17; Lev. 26,36; ἀνέστησαν 4 Reg....

አስተዋደየ
2

...tth. 12,10; Matth. 27,12; Kuf. 48; Asc. Jes. 3,5; Asc. Jes. 3,10; c. ኀበ፡ ...

...th. 27,12; Kuf. 48; Asc. Jes. 3,5; Asc. Jes. 3,10; c. ኀበ፡ ...

ሕልቀት
2

... 41; ሕልቀተ፡ ወርቅ፡ ውስተ፡ አጻብዒሃ፡ Gad. T.H. ; Jes. 3,20; Judith 10,4; σφραγίς Cant. 8,...

...ርቅ፡ ἐν κύβοις χρυσοῖς Esth. 1,6; κρίκος Jes. 58,5; ዲበ ምንት፡ ስቁል፡ ሕላቃቲሃ፡ Job 38,6;...

I ጸበ
2

...ῖ σε Jos. 17,15; ይጸብበነ፡ ብሔር፡ στενός μοι Jes. 49,20; ትጸብቢዮሙ፡ ለእለ፡ ይነብሩ፡ ውስቴትኪ፡ Je...

...ι Jes. 49,20; ትጸብቢዮሙ፡ ለእለ፡ ይነብሩ፡ ውስቴትኪ፡ Jes. 49,19; ጸበኒ፡ (v. ጸበበኒ፡) ዓለም፡ I Sal. ...

ማእከል
784
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Dillmann*Dillmann, Christian Friedrich August. Lexicon linguae aethiopicae, cum indice latino. Adiectum est vocabularium tigre dialecti septentrionalis compilatum a W. Munziger. Lipsiae: Th.O. Weigel, 1865. and follow-up projects, Latin

Table/Text
Substantivumsubst.(id quod continetur re i.e.) mediumla, media parsla, medius locusla: እስመ፡ ይነሥእዎ፡ እማእከል፡ nam tollunt eum de mediolaJesaiae prophetia.Jes. 57,2 ; ad Thessalonicenses epistola Pauli II.2 Thess. 2,7 Platt; እሙንቱ፡ ከመ፡ ሠርዌ፡ ይውዕዩ፡ በማእከል፡ Epistola Jeremiae, apocrypha.Ep. Jer. 54 ; Leviticus, liber Pentateuchi.Lev. 11,3 ; Leviticus, liber Pentateuchi.Lev. 11,7 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 15,10 ; ያንቅዕከ፡ እማእከልከ፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listDan. apocr. 1,55 ; Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 28,18 ; መተሮ፡ ማእከሎ፡ ኀበ፡ ለምለሙ፡ Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 17,4 ; ወስተ፡ ማእከለ፡ ሰማይ፡ ἐν μεσουρανήματι Apocalypsis Joannis.Apoc. 19,17 ; በማእከል፡ ad Romanos epistola Pauli.Rom. 5,20 .
a)In Genitivo: mediusla, ut: አዕማድ፡ እለ፡ ማእከል፡ columnaela(medii i.e.) mediaelaJudicum liber.Jud. 16,29 ; መክፈልተ፡ ሀገር፡ ዘማእከል፡ Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 48,22 ; አረፍተ፡ ማእከል፡ ad Ephesios epistola Pauli.Eph. 2,14 ; idem est ዘበማእከል፡ qui in mediolai.e. mediuslaHenochi liber, Aethiopice, ed. Dillmann 1851. 4°.Hen. 74,5 .
c)In specie
α)de tempore: ማእከለ፡ መዋዕል፡ μεσότης χρόνων Sapientia Salomonis, apocr.Sap. 7,18 ;
β)centrumla: ዝንቱ፡ መካን፡ ማእከለ፡ ምድር፡ ውእቱ፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 28 ; ያንብርዎ፡ ለሥጋየ፡ ውስተ፡ ማእከለ፡ ምድር፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 10 ; not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 27.
γ)truncuslacorporis (abscisis capite manibus pedibus) Regum liber biblicum I.1 Reg. 5,4 .
δ) ማእከለ፡ አፍላግ፡ regio medialainter fluvios i.e. MesopotamialaGenesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 24,10 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 27,43 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 28,2 ; Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 28,5 . — Acc. ማእከለ፡ frequentatur pro praepositione.
information type values
PoS subst.
transcription
translations medium la media pars la medius locus la nam tollunt eum de medio la medius la columnae la mediae la qui in medio la medius la in medio la medium la centrum la truncus la regio media la Mesopotamia la
morphology subst. Acc. Acc.
references Jes. 57,2 2 Thess. 2,7 Ep. Jer. 54 Lev. 11,3 Lev. 11,7 Gen. 15,10 Dan. apocr. 1,55 Hez. 28,18 Hez. 17,4 Apoc. 19,17 Rom. 5,20 Jud. 16,29 Hez. 48,22 Eph. 2,14 Hen. 74,5 Asc. Jes. 7,14 Asc. Jes. 7,19 Asc. Jes. 7,24 Asc. Jes. 7,29 Marc. 3,3 Apoc. 3,16 Sap. 7,18 Clem. f. 28 Clem. f. 10 Clem. f. 27. 1 Reg. 5,4 Gen. 24,10 Gen. 27,43 Gen. 28,2 Gen. 28,5
labels rom.
gender
case Acc.Acc.
bibliography
column

TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
māʾǝkal
1) (Dillmann c) )
a) ማእከለ፡ ባሕር፡ māʾǝkala bāḥr , ማእከል፡ ባሕር፡ māʾǝkal bāḥr (title) 52:18 (ed.); 68:10 (ed.) Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 11 Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 53 ; 29 l. 22 (ed.), 34 l. 13–14 (tr.); ወበሃገራይሂ፡ ሥዩመ፡ አጽቢ፡ ወሕዱግ፡ ወገዛኢ፡ ወማእከለ፡ ባሕር፡ ወአደግሲኒሁ፡ አሕረምነ። ‘Dans le Hāgarāy, au chef d’Aṣbi, au vicaire, au commendant, au māʾekala bāḥr et à son adagsini, nous avons défendu d’[y] entrerfr’ 40 l. 14–15 (ed.), 47 l. 26–28 (tr.), videasvid. ባሕር፡
b) ማእከለ፡ ተዋዛት፡ māʾǝkala tawāzāt (title) 52:17–18 (ed.); 68:10 (ed.) Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 11 Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 53 , videasvid. ተዋዛት፡
c) ማእከለ፡ አንጎት፡ māʾǝkala ʾangot (title) 52:17 (ed.) Chronicle of ʿAmda ṢǝyonChron. Am. 11 , videasvid. አንጎት፡
Grébaut
ማእከል፡ maʾǝkal «moyenfr, le milieufr» ― ማኸል፡ Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 42r.
101
Leslau
ማእከል māʾǝkal centeren, middleen, midsten, intermediaryen
ዘማእከል zamāʾǝkal , ዘበማእከል zabamāʾǝkal mid-en, middleen (adj.) 15a
information type values
PoS
transcription māʾǝkal māʾǝkala bāḥr māʾǝkal bāḥr māʾǝkala tawāzāt māʾǝkala ʾangot maʾǝkal māʾǝkal zamāʾǝkal zabamāʾǝkal
translations Dans le Hāgarāy, au chef d’Aṣbi, au vicaire, au commendant, au māʾekala bāḥr et à son adagsini, nous avons défendu d’[y] entrerfr moyenfr le milieufr centeren middleen midsten intermediaryen mid-en middleen
morphology
references Chron. Am. 11 Chron. Am. 53 Chron. Am. 11 Chron. Am. 53 Chron. Am. 11
labels vid.vid.vid.
gender
case
bibliography 52:18 (ed.); 68:10 (ed.) 29 l. 22 (ed.) 34 l. 13–14 (tr.) 40 l. 14–15 (ed.) 47 l. 26–28 (tr.) 52:17–18 (ed.); 68:10 (ed.) 52:17 (ed.) 101 15a
column
RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Gr and Les on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Les 2 on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrected LB on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrected ā on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corerction ʾ on 5.2.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 23.6.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added structure on 30.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 30.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added cross refernce on 30.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 10.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added quotation on 10.3.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new witness on 18.2.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 18.2.2022
  • Vitagrazia Pisani sense TraCES updated (from Marrassini1993) on 24.4.2019
  • Vitagrazia Pisani TraCES sense updated on 24.4.2019
  • Vitagrazia Pisani TraCES: small correction on 24.4.2019
  • Vitagrazia Pisani revision TraCES entry on 23.3.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani TraCES: correction in the cross reference on 23.3.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani ; added in TraCES entry on 23.3.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani In TraCES: "e.g." removed. on 24.1.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani "role name" deleted. on 9.1.2018
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo "role name" repeated after each example from Marrassini. on 9.1.2018
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo "role name" moved after ">gez!māʾǝkala bāḥr>" on 9.1.2018
  • Vitagrazia Pisani Sense#traces revised: "role name" instead of "office name"; examples from Marrassini with "Language" and "transcription"; "reference" updated with the number of the sentence. on 19.12.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani "((vid.)) also \*gez*አንጎት፡, ተዋዛት፡, ባሕር፡\*" added in Sense#traces on 19.12.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani "also" after ((vid.)) deleted on 19.12.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani In Sense Traces: "in" added in the parenthesis. on 2.8.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani Sense Traces: "in" deleted. on 2.8.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani reference and new use of the term from Marrassini added on 19.5.2017
  • Vitagrazia Pisani pipetro: fixed further uüpconversion problem in bibl template on 19.5.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo tested for #103 on 19.5.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt last updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 19.4.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo exported from lexicon to XML on 16.1.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo updated lexicon XML file adding nested senses on 16.1.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 22.11.2016
    ማእከል, lemma contributed by Andreas Ellwardt Pietro Maria Liuzzo Vitagrazia Pisani Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2024-02-05 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/L2ffdf5c9580545c9a8b89a10165e18c3 , accessed on 2024-11-03

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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