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This app is built with exist-db, and uses Lucene as the standard search engine. This comes with several options available. A full list is here

Below very few examples.

sample result
* *custodir* add wildcards to unlimit your string search
? custodir? Will find any match for the position with the question mark.
~ ምሕረትከ~ Will make a fuzzy search. you can decide also how much fuzzy, by saying for example ምሕረትከ~0.9 which will match only 90% similar terms.
"" "ምሕረትከ፡ ይትኖለወኒ፡" Will find the exact string contained between quotes.
() (verbo OR notionem) AND ይትኖለወኒ Will find one of the two between brackets and the other string.

Input

If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

If you are using the keyboard provided, please note that there are four layers, the normal one and those activated by Shift, Alt, Alt+Shift.

Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
  • 'w','ʷ'
  • 'ʾ', 'ʿ'
  • '`', 'ʾ', 'ʿ' (note that you can use the tick if you are not sure about the two, but none will be inferred for you)
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
  • 'ሁ', 'ሑ', 'ኁ'
  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
  • If you are searching for Yāʿǝqob, you will not have a lot of luck searching Yaqob, unless some kind cataloguer has actually added it into the data as simplified spelling form. Try instead entering Yaqob~0.5 which is a fuzzy search, this will return also Yāʿǝqob. Also Ya`eqob is fine for example.

Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "Wortforschung p." in 2411 entries!

ቃውም
1

...ቃውምከ፡ ወዐስብከ፡ ጥቀ፡ Kuf. p. 55; ንጉሥ፡ ልብው፡ ቃውመ፡ ...

ሃሌታ
1

...eg. (vid. Catal. Cod. Aeth. Mus. Brit. p. 37). h...

ኮስሞስ
1

... ከብት፡ V.A. ad Kuf. (vid. Kuf. p. 104 ሐመደ፡ ገቦ፡). ...

ተባልሐ
1

...እምነ፡ Koh. 7,26; Herm. p. 22; ፫ደቂቅ፡ እለ፡ ...

ቍማል
1

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 55. 172 ቍማል፡ qʷǝmāl, () ቅማል q...

ልቃሔ
1

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 5. 27 ልቃሔ lǝqqāḥe borrowing, l...

ቅስስና
1

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 57. 175 ቅስና qǝsǝnnā priesthood...

ፈረሳዊ
1

...l. Cod. Mus. Brit. p. 17; ፈረሳዊ፡ መስተቃትል፡ Lud. e Vit. ...

ላሕይ
1

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 4. Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 13r. 24 ...

ቀጠነ
1

...id. de prima verbi potestate Ges. thes. p. 1212); vicinum est ቀጠጠ፡ ...

ራዛ
1

...ryza Kuf. 37 (p. 135); ተኀፂቦ፡ ይጸዐዱ፡ እምራዛ፡ Sx. Hed. 29...

አስተሳረየ
1

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 45. 166 አስተሳረየ ʾastasāraya pa...

መርዋሕት
2

...scription de l’Égypte, II éd., t. XIII, p. 553}. ...

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 40. 156 መርዋሕት marwāḥt, መረውሕት ...

ተሐሰወ
1

...፡ ከመዝ፡ ወኢይትሔሰው፡ Jsp. p. 363. ...

ወርኅ
2

...َأَرِيخٌ ታሪክ፡; de etymo vid. Ges. thes. p. 630] luna , Cant. 6,10; m. Job ...

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 110. 247 ወርኅ፡ ሕጹጽ warḫ ḥǝṣuṣ ...

መስተሳልቅ
1

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 42. 162 መስተሳልቅ፡ mastasālǝq mo...

ተቀረመ
1

...ionale Centrale di Roma, Orientale 134, p. 56. 174 ተቀረመ taqarrama glean,...

አቀለለ
1

...በእንተ፡ ሥምረትከ፡ Jsp. p. 288. ...

ጸንቀቀ
1

... : ጸንቈቁ፡ v. ጸንቀቁ፡ ልብሶ፡ በደም፡ Kuf. p. 123 (μολύνειν Gen. 37,31). ...

ሕሩፅ
1

...ὄστρακον λεπτόν Herm. p. 85; M.F. (vid. ንቁ...

ሕግ
131/132
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Dillmann*Dillmann, Christian Friedrich August. Lexicon linguae aethiopicae, cum indice latino. Adiectum est vocabularium tigre dialecti septentrionalis compilatum a W. Munziger. Lipsiae: Th.O. Weigel, 1865. and follow-up projects, Latin

Table/Text
Substantivumsubst., m. et fem. , Plur. ሕገግ፡ , pluralisPl.Plur. ሕገጋት፡
1)statutumla, lexla
c)Cujusvis reipublicae et societatis leges et instituta ሕግ፡ appellantur, ut Esther, liber biblicus.Esth. 1,15 ; ሰብአ፡ ሕግ፡ legumla( Aethiopiaela) peritilaChron. Ax.; ዘያአምር፡ ሕገጋተ፡ ምኔት፡ qui legesla( regulasla) coenobii novitlaF.N. 10; ሕገ፡ ምንኵስና፡ F.N. 10.
d)Inde በሕግ፡ ex legela, legitimela, ut: ብእሲትከ፡ እንተ፡ በሕግ፡ አውሰብከ፡ Malachiae prophetia.Mal. 2,14 ; ቤትኩ፡ ምስሌኪ፡ በሕግ፡ Hezekielis prophetia.Hez. 16,8 ; ዘሕግ፡ vel ዘበሕግ፡ legitimusla, ut: ሰብሳብ፡ ዘበሕግ፡ Didascalia Apostolorum; numerus significat capita.Did. 33 ; ሰብሳብ፡ ዘሕግ፡ not able to find explanation in abbreviation listKedr f. 78 ; Syn.; ዘበሕጉ፡ ἀκολούθως Ezrae liber apocryphus (Graecus)1 Esr. 7,6 , vel በከመ፡ ሕጎሙ፡ Ezrae liber apocryphus (Graecus)1 Esr. 7,9 ; ዘበሕጉ፡ νομίμως ad Timotheum epistola II.2 Tim. 2,5 ; በከመ፡ ሕግ፡ ወሥርዐት፡ κατὰ τὸ κρίμα Paralipomenon liber II.2 Par. 4,20 ; በከመ፡ ሕጉ፡ ὡς καθήκει Leviticus, liber Pentateuchi.Lev. 5,10 ; ዘእንበለ፡ ሕጉ፡ παρανόμως Actus apostolorum.Act. 23,3 ; አውስቦ፡ ዘእንበለ፡ ሕግ፡ ἀθέμιτοι μίξεις concubitus illegitimilaChrysostomi Tagsâʃs.Chrys. Ta. 2.
e)Denique etiam de lege naturaelausurpatur: ሕገ፡ ጠባይዕ፡ ὁ τῆς φύσεως νόμος Chrysostomi homiliae} in epistolam ad Hebraeos; citatur secundum numerous homiliarum vel Tagsâʃsorum.Chrys. ho. 27 (cfr. ad Romanos epistola Pauli.Rom. 2,15 ); euphem.: ይፌጽም፡ ሕገ፡ ሥጋ፡ necessitati paretlaEncomia Synaxarii, Actis singulorum dierum addita; citantur secundum menses et dies: NahaseSx. Nah. 14.
f)id quod ex lege alicui debeturlaRegum liber biblicum I.1 Reg. 2,13 .
2)foedusla, testamentumla(divinum); διαθήκη (cum voce ሥርዐት፡ tum) voce ሕግ፡ creberrime redditur, ut: ከመ፡ ይኩንከ፡ ሕገ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 17,7 ; Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 45,15 ; መጽሐፈ፡ ሕግ፡ βιβλίον διαθήκης Exodus, liber Pentateuchi.Ex. 24,7 ; Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 24,23 ; አቀመ፡ ሎቱ፡ ሕገ፡ ዘለዓለም፡ Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 45,7 ; Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 14,17 ; Jeremiae prophetia.Jer. 11,10 ; Malachiae prophetia.Mal. 2,10 ; አባእካሁ፡ ውስተ፡ ሕገ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ለገብርከ፡ ምስሌከ፡ Regum liber biblicum I.1 Reg. 20,8 . Inde ሕግ፡ ብሊት፡ Vetus TestamentumlaF.M. 20,1 ( videasvid. ሐዲስ፡ ); ሕግ፡ ሐዲስ፡ ad Hebraeos epistola.Hebr. 8,8 sequensseq.– Μαρτύριον Liber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 36,20 .
3)regulala, normala, ratiola, mosla, consuetudola: κανών ad Galatas epistola Pauli.Gal. 6,16 ; ማእረረ፡ ዘበሕጉ፡ ዐቀበ፡ ለነ፡ Jeremiae prophetia.Jer. 5,24 ; ኢትትቃተሎሙ፡ በሕገ፡ ቀትል፡ Judith liber apocryphus.Judith 7,11 ; ጠፍአ፡ ኵሉ፡ ሕገ፡ ሥጋ፡ እምኔሁ፡ ei corporis vita a naturae norma prorsus abstracta estlanot able to find explanation in abbreviation listGad. T.H. ; እንበይነ፡ ሕግ፡ ob morem i.e. quia moris estlaLiber Siracidae (Ecclesiasticus).Sir. 38,17 ; በሕገ፡ ፈላሲ፡ ὡς παροίκους not able to find explanation in abbreviation list1 Petr. 2,11 romanae editionisrom.; በሕገ፡ እጓለ፡ እመሕያው፡ – በሕገ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ κατ᾽ ἀνθρώπους - κατὰ θεόν not able to find explanation in abbreviation list1 Petr. 4,6 ; ኢኮነ፡ ከማሁ፡ ሕጉ፡ οὐχ οὕτως ἔσται Genesis liber Pentateuchi.Gen. 34,7 ; ዘኒ፡ እነብብ፡ ሕገ፡ ሰብእ፡ κατὰ ἄνθρωπον λέγω ad Romanos epistola Pauli.Rom. 3,5 Platt; ሕገ፡ ሰብእ፡ እብለክሙ፡ ἀνθρώπινον λέγω ad Romanos epistola Pauli.Rom. 6,19 ; Simon Magus ያግህድ፡ ሕገ፡ ዘስሙ፡ ሲሞናዊ፡ simoniam evulgabitlanot able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 67 ; ሕጋ፡ ለቤተ፡ ብለኔ፡ mores balneorumlaSx. not able to find explanation in abbreviation listTer 22 Enc.
4)institutala, ritusla, sacralapopulorum; deinde religiolaipsa, quatenus legibus et institutis nititur: τὰ νόμιμα ሕጎሙ፡ Leviticus, liber Pentateuchi.Lev. 18,3 ; ሕገ፡ አሕዛብ፡ Jeremiae prophetia.Jer. 10,3 ; ኵሉ፡ ሕገጊሃ፡ πάσας τὰς πανηγύρεις αὐτῆς ( conciones populi ad festos peragendosla) Hosea.Hos. 2,13 ; ሕገ፡ ናእት፡ ἑορτὴ τῶν ἀζύμων solemnitas azymorumlaExodus, liber Pentateuchi.Ex. 34,18 ; በመዋዕሊሁ፡ ያስተርኢ፡ ካልእ፡ ሕግ፡ (sc. Islâm) not able to find explanation in abbreviation listClem. f. 75 ; item in Syn. saepius ሕገ፡ ክርስቲያን፡ religio Christianalamemoratur.
information type values
PoS subst.
transcription
translations statutum la lex la summa legum divinarum la summa praeceptorum divinorum la legum la Aethiopiae la periti la qui leges la regulas la coenobii novit la ex lege la legitime la legitimus la concubitus illegitimi la lege naturae la necessitati paret la id quod ex lege alicui debetur la foedus la testamentum la Vetus Testamentum la regula la norma la ratio la mos la consuetudo la corporis vita a naturae norma prorsus abstracta est la quia moris est la simoniam evulgabit la mores balneorum la instituta la ritus la sacra la religio la conciones populi ad festos peragendos la solemnitas azymorum la religio Christiana la
morphology subst. m. fem.
references Jes. 2,3 Jes. 5,24 Jes. 8,20 Jes. 24,5 Jes. 30,9 Jer. 2,8 Jer. 8,8 Jer. 9,13 Thren. 2,9 Job 34,27 Sir. 2,16 Sir. 9,15 Sir. 17,11 Sir. 19,17 Sir. 35,15 4 Esr. 9,31 4 Esr. 6,67 4 Esr. 9,31 Sir. 15,1 Hez. 5,6 Hez. 20,3 1 Reg. 30,25 Kuf. 50 Rom. 2,25 Rom. 3,21 Rom. 3,28 Rom. 4,13 Rom. 4,14 Rom. 4,15 Rom. 5,13 Gal. 2,16 Kuf. 50 Num. 9,23 Prov. 3,1 Prov. 6,20 Cyr. f. 1 Jsp. p. 290 Esth. 1,15 Mal. 2,14 Hez. 16,8 Did. 33 Kedr f. 78 1 Esr. 7,6 1 Esr. 7,9 2 Tim. 2,5 2 Par. 4,20 Lev. 5,10 Act. 23,3 Chrys. Ta. 2. Chrys. ho. 27 Rom. 2,15 Sx. Nah. 14. 1 Reg. 2,13 Gen. 17,7 Sir. 45,15 Ex. 24,7 Sir. 24,23 Sir. 45,7 Sir. 14,17 Jer. 11,10 Mal. 2,10 1 Reg. 20,8 Hebr. 8,8 Sir. 36,20 Gal. 6,16 Jer. 5,24 Judith 7,11 Gad. T.H. Sir. 38,17 1 Petr. 2,11 1 Petr. 4,6 Gen. 34,7 Rom. 3,5 Rom. 6,19 Clem. f. 67 Ter 22 Lev. 18,3 Jer. 10,3 Hos. 2,13 Ex. 34,18 Clem. f. 75
labels Pl.seq.Pl.vid.seq.rom.
gender
case
bibliography
column n. 132

TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
ḥǝgg , pluralisPl. ḥǝgag , ḥǝgagāt
probably a Muslim who has undertaken a pilgrimage to Mecca (based on CR’s explanation, see below) ዘጐለተ፡ ሕግ፡ አሕመድ፡ ነጋድ፡ ራእስ። ‘Celui qui a déterminé la concession du fief a été le ḥeg Aḥmad, le nagād rāʾesfr’ 29 l. 8–9 (ed.), 33 l. 17–18 (tr.) (‘Probablement حاج {ḥāǧǧ }, musulman qui a accompli le pèlegrinage à la Mecque.’ 33 n. 3)
Grébaut
ሕግ፡ ḥǝgg , pluralisPl. ሕገግ፡ ḥǝgag et ሕገጋት፡ ḥǝgagāt «loisfr» ― ሕግ፡ Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 30r.
65
ሕገጋት፡ ḥǝgagāt code de loisfr አንበረ፡ ትእዛዛተ፡ ብዙኃተ፡ በርትዕ፡ ወሕገጋተ፡ ዘይሰናአዉ፡ ለጽድቅ። 188.
አቀመ፡ ሕገ፡ ʾaqama ḥǝgga «promulguer une loifr» ቀንአ፡ ላዕለ፡ ሃይማኖት፡ ኦርቶዶክሳዊት፡ ወአቀመ፡ ሕገ፡ በመዋዕሊሁ፡ ከመ፡ ኢይኅድጉ፡ መነሂ፡ እምሐራ፡ ጥቃ፡ ውስተ፡ ኵሉ፡ አህጉራተ፡ ሮም። 219, videasvid. አቀመ፡
66
Leslau
ሕግ፡ ḥǝgg (pluralisPl. ሕገግ፡ ḥǝgag , ሕገጋት፡ ḥǝgagāt ) lawen, decreeen, canonen, riteen, ruleen, regulationen, statuteen, ordinanceen, normen, covenanten, usageen, customen
ዘሕግ za-ḥǝgg lawfulen
ዘእንበለ፡ ሕግ zaʾǝnbala ḥǝgg unlawfulen
በሕግ ba-ḥǝgg lawfullyen, legallyen
ሕገ ḥǝgga (, ) likeen, like asen, just asen, according toen 227b
Cross-references:
a) for ሠራዔ፡ ሕግ videasvid. ሠራዒ፡ (Leslau)
b) for ታቦተ፡ ሕግ፡ videasvid. ታቦት፡ (TraCES)
c) for ጸሓፌ፡ ሕግ፡ videasvid. ጸሓፊ፡ (Leslau)
information type values
PoS
transcription ḥǝgg ḥǝgag ḥǝgagāt ḥāǧǧ ḥǝgg ḥǝgag ḥǝgagāt ḥǝgagāt ʾaqama ḥǝgga ḥǝgg ḥǝgag ḥǝgagāt za-ḥǝgg zaʾǝnbala ḥǝgg ba-ḥǝgg ḥǝgga
translations Celui qui a déterminé la concession du fief a été le ḥeg Aḥmad, le nagād rāʾesfr loisfr code de loisfr promulguer une loifr lawen decreeen canonen riteen ruleen regulationen statuteen ordinanceen normen covenanten usageen customen lawfulen unlawfulen lawfullyen legallyen likeen like asen just asen according toen
morphology
references
labels Pl.Pl.vid.Pl.vid.vid.vid.
gender
case
bibliography 29 l. 8–9 (ed.) 33 l. 17–18 (tr.) 33 n. 3 65 188 219 66 227b
column
RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 8.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Gr on 3.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Gr 2 on 3.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 3.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added lb on 3.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Gr and Les on 1.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 1.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 1.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corerction on 1.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Les 2 on 1.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Leslau on 1.8.2023
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added cross reference on 29.6.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 12.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added transliteration on 2.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 2.5.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added meaning on 29.4.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 29.4.2022
  • Andreas Ellwardt Verschachtelung, on 18.5.2018
  • Andreas Ellwardt last updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 19.4.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo exported from lexicon to XML on 16.1.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo updated lexicon XML file adding nested senses on 16.1.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 22.11.2016
    ሕግ, lemma contributed by Andreas Ellwardt Pietro Maria Liuzzo Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2023-08-08 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/L1b523ac06c324d77984d38a7139aca45 , accessed on 2024-11-17

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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This app is a prototype Beta version. Be aware that it might not be available at times also without prior notice, it might still crash or work only in part. The data is also undergoing continuous editorial work and the numeric results should not be used without caution. It has no proper style associated first of all and it is not meant to work in all browser and all machines. We assume you will have the latest Chrome for best experience and that you will have the NOTO font family installed on your machine. You should be able to use the app with any browser but we cannot guarantee even the minimum look and feel. Click the orange button if you want to report a problem, we are glad to keep track.

Among the many known issues and adjustments that are still to be carried out, note the following: particularly in Syriac and Arabic passages, at times, space between words is not correctly displayed; conversely, in some passages superfluous extra-spaces are displayed; Coptic entries might not be correctly displayed, especially if you do not have fonts for Coptic (see above).

Page number links will link you to the Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae online pdf version by Ran HaCohen. The correctness of the page link depends on the correctness of the data.