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This app is built with exist-db, and uses Lucene as the standard search engine. This comes with several options available. A full list is here

Below very few examples.

sample result
* *custodir* add wildcards to unlimit your string search
? custodir? Will find any match for the position with the question mark.
~ ምሕረትከ~ Will make a fuzzy search. you can decide also how much fuzzy, by saying for example ምሕረትከ~0.9 which will match only 90% similar terms.
"" "ምሕረትከ፡ ይትኖለወኒ፡" Will find the exact string contained between quotes.
() (verbo OR notionem) AND ይትኖለወኒ Will find one of the two between brackets and the other string.

Input

If you want to transcribe some fidal into latin or update your transcription, you can have a go with our transcription tools.

If you are using the keyboard provided, please note that there are four layers, the normal one and those activated by Shift, Alt, Alt+Shift.

Normal and Shift contain mainly Fidal. Alt and Alt-Shift diacritics.

To enter letters in Fidal and the diacritics with this keyboard, which is independent of your local input selection, you can use two methods.

Orthographic variants of the Ethiopic language are searched as a standard if not otherwise specified. The following are the options considered by the search engine.

  • 's','s', 'ḍ'
  • 'e','ǝ','ə','ē'
  • 'w','ʷ'
  • 'ʾ', 'ʿ'
  • '`', 'ʾ', 'ʿ' (note that you can use the tick if you are not sure about the two, but none will be inferred for you)
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ'
  • 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ'
  • 'ሁ', 'ሑ', 'ኁ'
  • 'ሂ', 'ሒ', 'ኂ'
  • 'ሄ', 'ሔ', 'ኄ'
  • 'ህ', 'ሕ', 'ኅ'
  • 'ሆ', 'ሖ', 'ኆ'
  • 'ሠ','ሰ'
  • 'ሡ','ሱ'
  • 'ሢ','ሲ'
  • 'ሣ','ሳ'
  • 'ሥ','ስ'
  • 'ሦ','ሶ'
  • 'ሤ','ሴ'
  • 'ጸ', 'ፀ'
  • 'ጹ', 'ፁ'
  • 'ጺ', 'ፂ'
  • 'ጻ', 'ፃ'
  • 'ጼ', 'ፄ'
  • 'ጽ', 'ፅ'
  • 'ጾ', 'ፆ'
  • 'አ', 'ዐ', 'ኣ', 'ዓ'
  • 'ኡ', 'ዑ'
  • 'ኢ', 'ዒ'
  • 'ኤ', 'ዔ'
  • 'እ', 'ዕ'
  • 'ኦ', 'ዖ'

Some examples

  • If you search Taammera, you will not find Taʾammǝra or Taʿammera but only Taammera. Try Ta`ammera instead or use the keyboard provided to enter aleph and ayn.
  • If you are searching for Yāʿǝqob, you will not have a lot of luck searching Yaqob, unless some kind cataloguer has actually added it into the data as simplified spelling form. Try instead entering Yaqob~0.5 which is a fuzzy search, this will return also Yāʿǝqob. Also Ya`eqob is fine for example.

Keys Combinations

With this method you use keys combinations to trigger specific characters. Click here for a list of the available combos. This can be expanded, do not hesitate to ask (click here to post a new issue).

Hold and choose

If you hold a key optional values will appear in a list. You can click on the desiderd value or use arrows and enter to select it. The options are the same as those activated by combinations.

With this method you do not have to remember or lookup combos, but it does take many more clicks...

You found "Lud. ex Enc." in 3605 entries!

ምቅዋም
7

.... f. 6; ምቅዋምከ፡ ዘልዑል፡ መዓርጋ፡ Sx. Masc. 12 Enc.; ምድረ፡ ምቅዋም፡ (terra, ubi quis aliqua...

...(terra, ubi quis aliquamdiu commoratur, Lud. ex) Enc.; (si quae mulier in judici...

...a, ubi quis aliquamdiu commoratur, Lud. ex) Enc.; (si quae mulier in judicium v...

ዐውከከ
4

...ερὶ τὴν ἀλήθειαν ἠστόχησαν 2 Tim. 2,18; Lud. e Mss. Colb.; Sx. Genb. 30 Enc. – L...

.... 2,18; Lud. e Mss. Colb.; Sx. Genb. 30 Enc. – Ludolfus quidem አውከከ፡ scripsit et...

...psos hoc verbum stirpem II,1 exposuisse ex Sx. Genb. 30 Enc. elucet, ubi ርቱዐ፡ በ...

ምዝጋና
4

...ሥተ፡ ሰማያት፡ አድምዐ፡ ወነሥአ፡ ምዝጋና፡ Sx. Mag. 14 Enc.; አክሊለ፡ ምዝጋና፡ Lud. ex Sx. Enc. ...

...ሥአ፡ ምዝጋና፡ Sx. Mag. 14 Enc.; አክሊለ፡ ምዝጋና፡ Lud. ex Sx. Enc. ...

...ዝጋና፡ Sx. Mag. 14 Enc.; አክሊለ፡ ምዝጋና፡ Lud. ex Sx. Enc. ...

መትልው
8

... : ጽድቀ፡ አቡሃ፡ እዜኑ፡ መትልወ፡ Sx. Tachs. 5 Enc.; ወመትሎሁ፡ ይበል፡ ...

...deinceps (Lud.: መትልዎ፡ ...

... ) Sx. Haml. 17 Enc.; Stephane ዘበመትልወ፡ በዓለ፡ እግዚእከ፡ (i.e....

ማዕቅፋዊ
2

... scandalosus , Lud. ex Mss. Colb. ...

... scandalosus , Lud. ex Mss. Colb. ...

ርዳዴ
2

... obstinatio Lud. ex Org. 7. ...

...stinatio Lud. ex Org. 7. ...

ምውልታው
2

... locus tutus , Lud. ex Org. 5. ...

... locus tutus , Lud. ex Org. 5. ...

ጸንጻሊ
2

... tintinnabulum , Lud. ex Org. 1. ...

... tintinnabulum , Lud. ex Org. 1. ...

ክብተት
2

... occultatio , Lud. ex auct. Greg. ...

... occultatio , Lud. ex auct. Greg. ...

ጠሰየ
4

...ειν 2 Reg. 22,43; እጥስዮሙ፡ ἐκτρίψω αὐτούς Ex. 32,10. ...

...በኒ፡ መድኀኒተ፡ ደዌ፡ ኀጢአት፡ ዘይጠሲ፡ Sx. Masc. 22 Enc.; sec. Lud. etiam ...

...ደዌ፡ ኀጢአት፡ ዘይጠሲ፡ Sx. Masc. 22 Enc.; sec. Lud. etiam ...

ድራር
4

... , poetice: ይጸውም፡ ድራረ፡ Lud. ex Sx. Masc. 30 Enc. ...

... , poetice: ይጸውም፡ ድራረ፡ Lud. ex Sx. Masc. 30 Enc. ...

...oetice: ይጸውም፡ ድራረ፡ Lud. ex Sx. Masc. 30 Enc. ...

ግንዘት
8

... ግንዘተ፡ ሥጋኪ፡ በመዋጥሐ፡ ክታን፡ I Sx. Mar. 38 Enc.; ግንዘትከ፡ በዕፍረት፡ ...

...በዕፍረት፡ Sx. Mag. 27 Enc.; ገነዞ፡ ለጴጥሮስ፡ ግንዘተ፡ ሠናየ፡ ...

...፡ ሠናየ፡ Sx. Haml. 6 Enc.; ያሤኒ፡ ግንዘተ፡ ደናግል፡ ...

አንበልበለ
3

... (φλέγειν): እሳት፡ ሶበ፡ ያንበለብል፡ Ex. 14,17; Hen. 21,7; Hen. 24,1; ዘያንበለብ...

... ወአንበልበለ፡ ዋዕዩ፡ (ለፀሓየ፡ ጽድቅ፡) Sx. Teq. 21 Enc.; de stellis ( ...

... : አንበልብል፡ ልሳኖ፡ ለገብርከ፡ Lud. e Ssal. Req. ...

ክርስትና
3

...istianitas i.e. populus Christianus , Lud. ex Sx. Ter 6 Enc. (ubi Cod. Tubing....

...nitas i.e. populus Christianus , Lud. ex Sx. Ter 6 Enc. (ubi Cod. Tubing. exh...

...populus Christianus , Lud. ex Sx. Ter 6 Enc. (ubi Cod. Tubing. exhibet: ክርስቲያን፡ ...

ጕጉእ
3

... sedulus , Lud. ex. Org.; ...

... sedulus , Lud. ex. Org.; a...

... Sx. Genb. 19 Enc. ...

አስተጣግዐ
3

... , quod ruptum vel dilaniatum erat: Lud. ex Sx. Mij. 15 Enc.; ማሕው፡ ለእመ፡ ተሰብረ...

..., quod ruptum vel dilaniatum erat: Lud. ex Sx. Mij. 15 Enc.; ማሕው፡ ለእመ፡ ተሰብረ፡ አል...

...el dilaniatum erat: Lud. ex Sx. Mij. 15 Enc.; ማሕው፡ ለእመ፡ ተሰብረ፡ አልቦ፡ ...

ፀመደ
3

...ቶሙ፡ ወይቅንዩኒ፡ ለግሙራ፤ ከመ፡ ይፀመዱ፡ ተያፍን፡ ወብዕራ፡ Lud. ex Sx. Genb. 11 Enc. ...

...ይቅንዩኒ፡ ለግሙራ፤ ከመ፡ ይፀመዱ፡ ተያፍን፡ ወብዕራ፡ Lud. ex Sx. Genb. 11 Enc. ...

... ይፀመዱ፡ ተያፍን፡ ወብዕራ፡ Lud. ex Sx. Genb. 11 Enc. ...

ጕንድ
9

...ንዳት፡ Hen. 83,4; አጕናደ፡ በቀልት፡ Sx. Mij. 23 Enc. (Sx. Mij. 27 Enc. sec. Lud.); ጕንደ፡ ...

...ናደ፡ በቀልት፡ Sx. Mij. 23 Enc. (Sx. Mij. 27 Enc. sec. Lud.); ጕንደ፡ መስቀል፡ M.M. f. 106;...

...Sx. Mij. 23 Enc. (Sx. Mij. 27 Enc. sec. Lud.); ጕንደ፡ መስቀል፡ M.M. f. 106; አጕናድ፡ (sc...

መትከፍት
8

...14; Gen. 24,15; Gen. 27,16; Gen. 49,15; Ex. 12,34; Ex. 28,12; Ex. 36,9; Ex. 36...

...15; Gen. 27,16; Gen. 49,15; Ex. 12,34; Ex. 28,12; Ex. 36,9; Ex. 36,11; Ex. 36,...

...,16; Gen. 49,15; Ex. 12,34; Ex. 28,12; Ex. 36,9; Ex. 36,11; Ex. 36,26; Ex. 36,...

ቅኔ
5

...isterium : ቅኔ፡ እኩይ፡ Jes. 14,3; ቅኔ፡ መሪር፡ Enc.; ቤተ፡ ቅኔ፡ Jer. 41,13; Mich. 6,4; በብዝ...

...υτόν Lev. 23,7; de disciplina ascetica, Lud. ex Enc.; ይገብር፡ ቅኔሁ፡ በዲበ፡ ምስካቡ፡ Lud....

...Lev. 23,7; de disciplina ascetica, Lud. ex Enc.; ይገብር፡ ቅኔሁ፡ በዲበ፡ ምስካቡ፡ Lud. e V...

ማኅፈድ
628
pdfTEI/XML
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Dillmann*Dillmann, Christian Friedrich August. Lexicon linguae aethiopicae, cum indice latino. Adiectum est vocabularium tigre dialecti septentrionalis compilatum a W. Munziger. Lipsiae: Th.O. Weigel, 1865. and follow-up projects, Latin

Table/Text
not foundsubst,m. et fem. , pluralisPl. መኃፍድ፡ et ማኅፈዳት፡ (Lud. e Mss. Colb.) [ אַפֶּדֶן de quo videasvid.Ges. thes. p. 1092; فَدَنٌ pl. أَفْدَانٌ palatinum in altum exstructumla] turrisla
a)de palatio alto; በማኅፈደ፡ ሀገር፡ (var. pro ሱስናብራ፡ ) Ezrae et Nehemiae libri canonici.2 Esr. 11, l; ወገብረ፡ ሎቱ፡ ዳዊት፡ ማኅፈደ፡ οἰκίας Paralipomenon liber I.1 Par. 15,1 ; { ወበርበረ፡ ማኅፈደ፡ liber Jobi.Job 20,19 ;} Lud. e Vit. Barb.
e)de columnala(fumi): ማኅፈደ፡ ጢስ፡ Judicum liber.Jud. 20,40 ; Judicum liber.Jud. 20,38 .

TraCES*ERC Advanced Grant TraCES (Grant Agreement 338756) and follow-up projects, English

Table/Text
māḫfad , māḫǝfad in 338b, māḫ(ǝ)fad in 259b, pluralisPl. maḫāfǝd , māḫfadāt
1) castleen, palaceen, fortressen ወበጺሖ፡ ጉባኤ፡ አተወ፡ ውስተ፡ ማኅፈዱ፡ ዘአዳም፡ ስነ፡ ኅንፄሃ፡ ወንኩር፡ አርአያሃ፡ ‘Arrivé à Gubāʾē, il entra dans son château, de belle construction et d’un extérieur admirablefr’ 117 l. 20–22 (ed.), 133 l. 27–29 (tr.), ካዕበ፡ ኃረይዋ፡ ለይእቲ፡ ምድር፡ ከመ፡ ይኩን፡ ህየ፡ ከተማ፡ ንጉሥ፡ ወይትሐነጽ፡ ባቲ፡ ማኅፈደ፡ ንጉሥ፡ ‘On choisit aussi ce pays, pour y établir la résidence du roi, et y bâtir un château pour le roifr’ 137 l. 29–31 (ed.), 156 l. 29–31 (tr.), ወወረደ፡ ምድረ፡ አደል፡ ወአውዓየ፡ አህጉሪሆሙ፡ በእሳት፡ ወአንሀለ፡ ማኅፈዳቲሆሙ። ‘scese nella terra di Adal, e incendiò col fuoco le loro città, e distrusse le loro fortezzeit’ 7 l. 17–19 (ed); 18 l. 5–6 (tr.)
2) a sign of the zodiacen እንዘ፡ ሀሎ፡ ፀሐይ፡ በማኅፈደ፡ አቅራብ፡ ወወርኀኒ፡ በማኅፈደ፡ ደሉ፤ 222 l. 9–10 (ed.) when the sun was in the sign of Scorpion, and the moon in the sign of Aquariusen 202 ch. 123.6 (tr.); በሳድስ፡ ሱባዔ፡ እምሱባዔያተ፡ ጾም፡ ቅድስት፡ እንዘ፡ ሀሎ፡ ፀሐይ፡ በማኅፈደ፡ ተውር፡ በመክብብ፡ ፲መዓርግ፡ እመዓርግ፡ ዐቢያን፡ during the sixth week of the weeks of Holy Lent, when the sun is in the sign of the Zodiac of Taurus in the circle of ten degrees among the great degreesen 57 § 107 (ed.), 33 § 107 (tr.)
Grébaut

ማኅፈድ maḫfad , pluralisPl. ማኅፈዳት፡ māḫfadāt «palaisfr, tourfr, forteressefr» ― ግምብ፡ Ms. BNFabb217, fol. 40v.
96
Leslau
ማኅፈድ māḫǝfad I toweren, forten, fortressen, citadelen, templeen; sign of Scorpion (zodiac)en 338b
Comparative and etymological data
 The semantic extension from ‘tower’ to ‘sign of the zodiac’ comes from Arabic برج burǧ ‘tower, sign of the zodiac’ 152 n. 5; see also 232, 209 n. 405
information type values
PoS
transcription māḫfad māḫǝfad māḫ(ǝ)fad maḫāfǝd māḫfadāt maḫfad māḫfadāt māḫǝfad burǧ
translations castle en palace en fortress en Arrivé à Gubāʾē, il entra dans son château, de belle construction et d’un extérieur admirable fr On choisit aussi ce pays, pour y établir la résidence du roi, et y bâtir un château pour le roi fr scese nella terra di Adal, e incendiò col fuoco le loro città, e distrusse le loro fortezze it a sign of the zodiac en when the sun was in the sign of Scorpion, and the moon in the sign of Aquariusen during the sixth week of the weeks of Holy Lent, when the sun is in the sign of the Zodiac of Taurus in the circle of ten degrees among the great degrees en palaisfr tourfr forteressefr toweren forten fortressen citadelen templeen sign of Scorpion (zodiac) en
morphology
references
labels Pl.Pl.
gender
case
bibliography 338b 259b 117 l. 20–22 (ed.) 133 l. 27–29 (tr.) 137 l. 29–31 (ed.) 156 l. 29–31 (tr.) 7 l. 17–19 (ed); 18 l. 5–6 (tr.) 222 l. 9–10 (ed.) 202 ch. 123.6 (tr.) 57 § 107 (ed.) 33 § 107 (tr.) 96 338b 152 n. 5 232 209 n. 405
column
RevisionsCite this lemma
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 31.1.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska addded Gr 2 on 29.1.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska removed Gr on 29.1.2024
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added full stop on 8.9.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correct on 31.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correct on 31.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added example on 18.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrections on 18.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added Grebaut on 18.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction on 18.8.2022
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added translation on 13.12.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added variants of spelling on 13.12.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr. spelling on 13.12.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 9.12.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added info on 4.12.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 4.12.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corrected nesting on 25.11.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 25.11.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 25.11.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 25.11.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction of the nesting on 25.11.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska change in the nesting on 20.11.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska correction of the nesting on 20.11.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new meaning Greek to be corrected on 5.9.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 5.9.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 5.9.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added new meaning on 15.8.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska added nesting on 15.8.2019
  • Magdalena Krzyżanowska corr on 15.8.2019
  • Andreas Ellwardt aus den Addenda ergänzt, on 11.1.2018
  • Andreas Ellwardt aus den Addenda ergänzt, on 11.1.2018
  • Andreas Ellwardt last updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 19.4.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo exported from lexicon to XML on 16.1.2017
  • Pietro Maria Liuzzo updated lexicon XML file adding nested senses on 16.1.2017
  • Andreas Ellwardt updated txt file and doc file of Lexicon on 22.11.2016
    ማኅፈድ, lemma contributed by Andreas Ellwardt Pietro Maria Liuzzo Magdalena Krzyżanowska to the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae, ed. Alessandro Bausi, last modified on 2024-01-31 https://betamasaheft.eu/Dillmann/lemma/L08617a7ea8ca4f6695392667610a01e6 , accessed on 2024-11-16

Attestations in the Beta maṣāḥǝft corpus

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This app is a prototype Beta version. Be aware that it might not be available at times also without prior notice, it might still crash or work only in part. The data is also undergoing continuous editorial work and the numeric results should not be used without caution. It has no proper style associated first of all and it is not meant to work in all browser and all machines. We assume you will have the latest Chrome for best experience and that you will have the NOTO font family installed on your machine. You should be able to use the app with any browser but we cannot guarantee even the minimum look and feel. Click the orange button if you want to report a problem, we are glad to keep track.

Among the many known issues and adjustments that are still to be carried out, note the following: particularly in Syriac and Arabic passages, at times, space between words is not correctly displayed; conversely, in some passages superfluous extra-spaces are displayed; Coptic entries might not be correctly displayed, especially if you do not have fonts for Coptic (see above).

Page number links will link you to the Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae online pdf version by Ran HaCohen. The correctness of the page link depends on the correctness of the data.