✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

Explore this page
Do you want to notify us of an error, please do so by writing an issue in our GitHub repository (click the envelope for a precomiled one).
On small screens, will show a navigation bar on the leftOpen Item Navigation
Edit Not sure how to do this? Have a look at the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines!
Hide pointersClick here to hide or show again the little arrows and small left pointing hands in this page.
Hide relatedClick here to hide or show again the right side of the content area, where related items and keywords are shown.
EntryMain Entry
TEI/XMLDownload an enriched TEI file with explicit URIs bibliography from Zotero API.
SyntaxeSee graphs of the information available. If the manuscript contains relevant information, then you will see visualizations based on La Syntaxe du Codex, by Andrist, Canart and Maniaci.
RelationsFurther visualization of relational information
TranscriptionTranscription (as available). Do you have a transcription you want to contribute? Contact us or click on EDIT and submit your contribution.

London, British Library, BL Oriental 677

Dorothea Reule

This manuscript description is based on the catalogues listed in the catalogue bibliography

Stub
https://betamasaheft.eu/BLorient677
British Library[view repository]

Collection: Oriental

Other identifiers: Wright cat. CVI, Wright 106

Places IndexPersons IndexGeneralDescriptionPhysical DescriptionCatalogueAuthors

Dated

General description

Gadla ḥawāryāt

Number of Text units: 53

Number of Codicological units: 1

For a table of all relations from and to this record, please go to the Relations view. In the Relations boxes on the right of this page, you can also find all available relations grouped by name.

Origin

1764-1765 (internal-date)

Provenance

The manuscript had very probably belonged to a church in the Gondar↗ area, from where it was taken by Tewodros II and brought to Madḫāne ʿĀlam↗ . It was then looted by the British Napier expedition in 1868.

Summary

  1. ms_i1 (), በስመ፡ አብ፡ ዝንቱ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ሥርዓቶሙ፡ ለሐዋርያት። ወባዕዳንሂ፡ እም፸ወ፪ቱ፡ አርድእት፡ ንጹሓን። ወዘኮነ፡ ኵሉ፡ እምኔሆሙ፡ ወተዝካረ፡ እለ፡ አዕረፉ፡ እምኔሁሙ።
    1. ms_i1.1 (check the viewerFol. 1r ), Introduction to Gadla ḥawāryāt
    2. ms_i1.2 (check the viewerFols 1r and following ), Preaching, Acts and Martyrdom of St Peter
      1. ms_i1.2.1 (check the viewerFols 1r and following ), The Preaching of St Peter
      2. ms_i1.2.2 (check the viewerFols 8r and following ), Acts of St Peter
      3. ms_i1.2.3 (check the viewerFols 26r and following ), The Martyrdom of St Peter
    3. ms_i1.3 (check the viewerFols 29v and following ), Acts and Martyrdom of St Paul
      1. ms_i1.3.1 (check the viewerFols 29v and following ), Acts of Paul
      2. ms_i1.3.2 (check the viewerFols 81r and following ), The Martyrdom of St Paul
    4. ms_i1.4 (check the viewerFols 82v and following ), Discourse of Dionysius on the Martyrdom of Sts Peter and Paul
    5. ms_i1.5 (check the viewerFols 88v and following ), Preaching and Martyrdom of St Simon
      1. ms_i1.5.1 (check the viewerFols 88v and following ), Preaching of St Simon the son of Cleopas, surnamed Judas or Nathaniel
      2. ms_i1.5.2 (check the viewerFols 89v and following ), The Martyrdom of St Simon the son of Cleopas (surnamed Judas or Nathaniel)
    6. ms_i1.6 (check the viewerFols 90v and following ), Preaching and Martyrdom of St James the Just, the brother of our Lord
      1. ms_i1.6.1 (check the viewerFols 90v and following ), The Preaching of St James the Just (brother of Jesus Christ)
      2. ms_i1.6.2 (check the viewerFols 91v and following ), The Martyrdom of St James the Just (brother of Jesus Christ)
    7. ms_i1.7 (check the viewerFols 93v and following ), The Acts of St Matthias and St Andrew
    8. ms_i1.8 (check the viewerFols 103v and following ), Preaching and Martyrdom of St Bartholomew
      1. ms_i1.8.1 (check the viewerFols 103v and following ), The Preaching of St Bartholomew
      2. ms_i1.8.2 (check the viewerFols 107r and following ), The Martyrdom of St Bartholomew
    9. ms_i1.9 (check the viewerFols 109r and following ), Acts of St Thomas
    10. ms_i1.10 (check the viewerFols 116v and following ), Preaching and Martyrdom of St Matthew
      1. ms_i1.10.1 (check the viewerFols 116v and following ), Acts of St Matthew the Evangelist
      2. ms_i1.10.2 (check the viewerFols 121v and following ), The Martyrdom of Matthew the Evangelist
    11. ms_i1.11 (check the viewerFols 123v and following ), Martyrdom of St Luke
    12. ms_i1.12 (check the viewerFols 131r and following ), Preaching and Martyrdom of St Philip
      1. ms_i1.12.1 (check the viewerFols 131r and following ), The Preaching of St Philip
      2. ms_i1.12.2 (check the viewerFols 128v and following ), The Martyrdom of St Philip
    13. ms_i1.13 (check the viewerFols 130v and following ), The Preaching of St Andrew
    14. ms_i1.14 (check the viewerFols 136r and following ), Acts and Martyrdom of St Andrew and St Bartholomew
      1. ms_i1.14.1 (check the viewerFols 136r and following ), The Martyrdom of Sts Andrew and Bartholomew
      2. ms_i1.14.2 (check the viewerFols 146r and following ), The Martyrdom of St Andrew
    15. ms_i1.15 (check the viewerFols 147v and following ), Acts of St Thomas
      1. ms_i1.15.1 (check the viewerFols 147v and following ), Acts of St Thomas
      2. ms_i1.15.2 (check the viewerFols 151r and following ), Acts of St Thomas
      3. ms_i1.15.3 (check the viewerFols 152v and following ), Acts of St Thomas
    16. ms_i1.16 (check the viewerFols 156r and following ), The Acts and Death of St John
      1. ms_i1.16.1 (check the viewerFols 156r and following ), Acts of St John son of Zebedee
      2. ms_i1.16.2 (check the viewerFols 165r and following ), The Death of St John son of Zebedee
    17. ms_i1.17 (check the viewerFols 168v and following ), Martyrdom of St James (the son of Alpheus)
    18. ms_i1.18 (check the viewerFols 169r and following ), The Acts and Martyrdom of St Mathias
      1. ms_i1.18.1 (check the viewerFols 169r and following ), The Preaching of St Matthias who preached in the country of the cannibals
      2. ms_i1.18.2 (check the viewerFols 175v and following ), The Martyrdom of Matthias
    19. ms_i1.19 (check the viewerFols 177v and following ), The Acts and Martyrdom of St James, the son of Zebedee
      1. ms_i1.19.1 (check the viewerFols 177v and following ), Book of the Acts of St James son of Zebedee
      2. ms_i1.19.2 (check the viewerFols 180r and following ), The Martyrdom of St James son of Zebedee
    20. ms_i1.20 (check the viewerFols 181v and following ), The Martyrdom of St Mark the Evangelist
    21. ms_i1.21 (check the viewerFols 184r and following ), The Preaching and Martyrdom of St Thomas
      1. ms_i1.21.1 (check the viewerFols 184r and following ), The Preaching of St Thomas
      2. ms_i1.21.2 (check the viewerFols 191v and following ), The Martyrdom of St Thomas
    22. ms_i1.22 (check the viewerFols 195r and following ), The Preaching of Judas Thaddeus, brother of Christ
    23. ms_i1.23 (check the viewerFols 198r and following ), The Discourse of Dionysius on the Tribes of the Apostles
    24. ms_i1.24 (check the viewerFols 199r and following ), Dates of the Martyrdoms of the Apostles

Contents

በስመ፡ አብ፡ (…)ommission by William Wright ዝንቱ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ሥርዓቶሙ፡ ለሐዋርያት። ወባዕዳንሂ፡ እም፸ወ፪ቱ፡ አርድእት፡ ንጹሓን። ወዘኮነ፡ ኵሉ፡ እምኔሆሙ፡ ወተዝካረ፡ እለ፡ አዕረፉ፡ እምኔሁሙ። ጸሎቶሙ፡ ወበረከቶሙ፡ የሀሉ፡ ምስለ፡ ንጉሥነ፡ ኢዮአስ ፡ ወምሰለ፡ ንግሥትነ፡ ወለተ፡ ጊዮርጊስ፡ ወምሰለ፡ ፍቅርቶመ፡ ወለተ፡ ኪዳን፡ ለዓለመ፡ ዓለም፡ አሜን። (CAe 5818)

Language of text:

Colophon

check the viewerFols 199v and following

ተፈጸመ፡ ዝንቱ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ገድለ፡ ሐዋርያት። ዘተጽሕፈ፡ በ፯ዓመተ፡ መንግሥቱ፡ ለንጉሥነ፡ ኢዮአስ፡ መፍቀሬ፡ እግዚኢበሔር፤ በ፸፻ወ፪፻፶ወ፯ዓመተ፡ ዓለም። ወበ፯፻፵ወ፫ተረፈ፡ ዓመተ፡ ቀመር፡ በ፲፻ወ፯፻፶ወ፯ዓመተ፡ ምሕረት፡ ወመድኃኒት፡ ዘውእቱ፡ መዋዕለ፡ ሥጋዌሁ፡ ለእግዚእነ፡ ወአምላክነ፡ ወመድኃኒነ፡ ኢየሱስ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ዘገብሮ፡ በእንተ፡ መድኃኒትነ፡ በኪነ፡ ጥበቡ፡ መንክር፡ ለጸሐፎ፡ ኃጥእ፡ ቴዎዶጦስ፡ scribe ወለዘአጽሐፎ፡ አባ፡ role: title አውስግንዮስ፡ patron ወለዘአንበቦ፡ ወለዘተርጐሞ፡ ወለዘሰምዓ፡ ቃላቲሁ፡ ኅቡረ፡ ይምሐሮሙ፡ በመንግሥተ፡ ሰማያት፡ አሜን። ወበእንተዝ፡ አነ፡ አውስግንዮስ፡ ኃጥእ፡ ወአባሲ፡ ላዕከ፡ እግዝእትነ፡ ማርያም፡ ዘወሀባ፡ ኪዳነ፡ በእንተ፡ መድኃኒተ፡ ዓለም። አጽሐፍኩ፡ አነ፡ ዘንተ፡ መጽሐፈ፡ ገድሎሙ፡ ለሐዋርያት፡ ከመ፡ ይኩነኒ፡ መርሐ፡ ለመንግሥተ፡ ሰማያት።

check the viewerFols 1r and following Preaching, Acts and Martyrdom of St Peter

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 29v and following Acts and Martyrdom of St Paul

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 82v and following Discourse of Dionysius on the Martyrdom of Sts Peter and Paul (CAe 4841)

Language of text:

Explicit (Amharic ): check the viewerFols 88r and following ፴፭ዓመት፡ መሀር፡ ቀዱሰ፡ ጴጥሮሰ፡ በዚህ፡ ማኸል፡ ቅዱስ፡ ጳውሎሰ፡ ፰ዓመተ፡ ምእመናነ፡ ክርስቶስ፡ ሲያሳድ፡ ወአብያተ፡ ክርቲናት፡ ሲያነድ፡ በእሳት፡ ነበረ፡ ከዝያ፡ ወድያ፡ ግን፡ ፳ወ፯ዓት፡ ከጴጥሮስ፡ ጋራ፡ አስተምሀረ፡ ሞታቸውም፡ ፩ቀን፡ ነው፡ ቅዱስ፡ ጴጥሮስ፡ በመስቀል፡ የቍልቍሊት፡ ወቅዱስ፡ ጳውሎስ፡ በሰይፍ። It is not clear from the catalogue description whether this note is included in the main text or consitutes a later addition.

check the viewerFols 88v and following Preaching and Martyrdom of St Simon

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 90v and following Preaching and Martyrdom of St James the Just, the brother of our Lord

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 93v and following The Acts of St Matthias and St Andrew (CAe 1015)

Language of text:

Identified as Acts of St Andrew in the catalogue.
check the viewerFols 103v and following Preaching and Martyrdom of St Bartholomew

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 116v and following Preaching and Martyrdom of St Matthew

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 131r and following Preaching and Martyrdom of St Philip

Language of text:

The folio reference given in the catalogue for the beginning of this text, check the viewerfol. 131r , seems to be erroneous. Originally attributed to St Andrew in the manuscript, which characterises this recension. His name has then been erased. See also Bausi 2000.
check the viewerFols 136r and following Acts and Martyrdom of St Andrew and St Bartholomew

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 147v and following Acts of St Thomas (CAe 5836)

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 156r and following The Acts and Death of St John

Language of text:

check the viewerFols 169r and following The Acts and Martyrdom of St Mathias
check the viewerFols 177v and following The Acts and Martyrdom of St James, the son of Zebedee
check the viewerFols 184r and following The Preaching and Martyrdom of St Thomas

Language of text:

Additions In this unit there are in total 1 .

  1. check the viewerFol. 1r (Type: OwnershipNote)

    The note states that the manuscript belongs to the church of Madḫāne ʿĀlam↗ .

    ( gez ) ገድለ፡ ሐዋርያት፡ ዘመድኃኔ፡ ዓለም።↗

Extras

  1. check the viewerFol. 29r

    Three half-columns of writing have been effaced.

  2. The name of Walatta Kidān appears throughout.

Catalogue Bibliography

  • Wright, W. 1877. Catalogue of the Ethiopic Manuscripts in the British Museum Acquired since the Year 1847 (London: Gilbert and Rivington, 1877). page 67b-69a
    ZoteroOther citations

Secondary Bibliography

  • Bausi, A. 2000. ‘Alcune osservazioni sul Gadla ḥawāryāt’, Annali dell’Istituto Orientale di Napoli, 60–61 (2000), 77–114. page 84; 93
    ZoteroOther citations

Physical Description

Form of support

Parchment Codex

Extent

199 (leaf) .Entered as 199 14.13 12.75
Outer dimensions
Height 14.13in
Width 12.75in

Binding

In the original boards, lined with cloth and covered with blind-tooled leather.

Binding material

wood

leather

textile

Original binding

Yes

Layout

Layout note 1

Number of columns: 3

Number of lines: 26-27

Palaeography

  • Hand 1

    Script: Ethiopic

    Date: 1764-1765

    1764-1765 Written in a good hand.

    • Publication Statement

    authority
    Hiob-Ludolf-Zentrum für Äthiopistik
    pubPlace
    Hamburg
    publisher
    Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft
    availability

    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.

    date
    type=expanded
    2022-01-05T13:36:28.446+01:00
    date
    type=lastModified
    2.3.2020
    idno
    type=collection
    manuscripts
    idno
    type=url
    https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/BLorient677
    idno
    type=URI
    https://betamasaheft.eu/BLorient677
    idno
    type=filename
    BLorient677.xml
    idno
    type=ID
    BLorient677

    Encoding Description

    Encoded according to TEI P5 Guidelines.

    Encoded according to the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines. These Guidelines detail the TEI format ruled by the Beta maṣāḥǝft Schema. The present TEI file is enriched with an Xquery transformation taking advantage of the exist-db database instance where the data is stored and of the many external resources to which this data points to.

    Definitions of prefixes used.

    info value
    Standard date ፸፻ወ፪፻፶ወ፯ዓመተ፡ ዓለም።
    Date in current calendar 7257
    Calendar world
    info value
    Standard date ፲፻ወ፯፻፶ወ፯ዓመተ፡ ምሕረት፡
    Date in current calendar 1757
    Calendar grace

    Select one of the keywords listed from the record to see related data

    No keyword selected.
    This page contains RDFa. RDF+XML graph of this resource. Alternate representations available via VoID.
    Permalinks
    Hypothes.is public annotations pointing here

    Use the tag BetMas:BLorient677 in your public hypothes.is annotations which refer to this entity.

    Suggested Citation of this record

    To cite a precise version, please, click on load permalinks and to the desired version (see documentation on permalinks), then import the metadata or copy the below, with the correct link.

    Dorothea Reule, Alessandro Bausi, ʻLondon, British Library, BL Oriental 677ʼ, in Alessandro Bausi, ed., Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft (Last Modified: 2020-03-02) https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/BLorient677 [Accessed: 2024-05-17]

    Revisions of the data

    • Dorothea Reule Dorothea Reule: Created record on 2.3.2020

    Attributions of the contents

    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.