✖Here you can explore some general information about the project. See also Beta maṣāḥəft institutional web page. Select About to meet the project team and our partners. Visit the Guidelines section to learn about our encoding principles. The section Data contains the Linked Open Data information, and API the Application Programming Interface documentation for those who want to exchange data with the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. The Permalinks section documents the versioning and referencing earlier versions of each record.
Click to get back to the home page. Here you can find out more about the project team, the cooperating projects, and the contact information. You can also visit our institutional page. Find out more about our Encoding Guidelines. In this section our Linked Open Data principles are explained. Developers can find our Application Programming Interface documentation here. The page documents the use of permalinks by the project.
✖Descriptions of (predominantly) Christian manuscripts from Ethiopia and Eritrea are the core of the Beta maṣāḥǝft project. We (1) gradually encode descriptions from printed catalogues, beginning from the historical ones, (2) incorporate digital descriptions produced by other projects, adjusting them wherever possible, and (3) produce descriptions of previously unknown and/or uncatalogued manuscripts. The encoding follows the TEI XML standards (check our guidelines).
Shelf marks (full list)Manuscripts (search)List of Digitized ManuscriptsCatalogues EncodedInscriptions
✖We identify each unit of content in every manuscript. We consider any text with an independent circulation a work, with its own identification number within the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). Parts of texts (e.g. chapters) without independent circulation (univocally identifiable by IDs assigned within the records) or recurrent motifs as well as documentary additional texts (identified as Narrative Units) are not part of the CAe. You can also check the list of different types of text titles or various Indexes available from the top menu.
Clavis Aethiopica (Works)Narrative UnitsStudies
The clavis is a repertory of all known works relevant for the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition; the work being defined as any text with an independent circulation. Each work (as well as known recensions where applicable) receives a unique identifier in the Clavis Aethiopica (CAe). In the filter search offered here one can search for a work by its title, a keyword, a short quotation, but also directly by its CAe identifier - or, wherever known and provided, identifier used by other claves, including Bibliotheca Hagiographica Graeca (BHG), Clavis Patrum Graecorum (CPG), Clavis Coptica (CC), Clavis Apocryphorum Veteris Testamenti (CAVT), Clavis Apocryphorum Novi Testamenti (CANT), etc. The project additionally identifies Narrative Units to refer to text types, where no clavis identification is possible or necessary. Recurring motifs or also frequently documentary additiones are assigned a Narrative Unit ID, or thematically clearly demarkated passages from various recensions of a larger work. This list view shows the documentary collections encoded by the project Ethiopian Manuscript Archives (EMA) and its successor EthioChrisProcess - Christianization and religious interactions in Ethiopia (6th-13th century) : comparative approaches with Nubia and Egypt, which aim to edit the corpus of administrative acts of the Christian kingdom of Ethiopia, for medieval and modern periods. See also the list of documents contained in the additiones in the manuscripts described by the Beta maṣāḥǝft project . Works of interest to Ethiopian and Eritrean studies.
✖While encoding manuscripts, the project Beta maṣāḥǝft aims at creating an exhaustive repertory of art themes and techniques present in Ethiopian and Eritrean Christian tradition. See our encoding guidelines for details. Two types of searches for aspects of manuscript decoration are possible, the decorations filtered search and the general keyword search.
Index of decorationsArt KeywordsIlluminations
The filtered search for decorations, originally designed with Jacopo Gnisci, looks at decorations and their features only. The filters on the left are relative only to the selected features, reading the legends will help you to figure out what you can filter. For example you can search for all encoded decorations of a specific art theme, or search the encoded legends. If the decorations are present, but not encoded, you will not get them in the results. If an image is available, you will also find a thumbnail linking to the image viewer. [NB: The Index of Decorations currently often times out, we are sorry for the inconvenience.] You can search for particular motifs or aspects, including style, also through the keyword search. Just click on "Art keywords" and "Art themes" on the left to browse through the options. This is a short cut to a search for all those manuscripts which have miniatures of which we have images.
✖We create metadata for all places associated with the manuscript production and circulation as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The encoding of places in Beta maṣāḥǝft will thus result in a Gazetteer of the Ethiopian tradition. We follow the principles established by Pleiades and lined out in the Syriaca.org TEI Manual and Schema for Historical Geography which allow us to distinguish between places, locations, and names of places. See also Help page fore more guidance.
PlacesRepositories
This tab offers a filtrable list of all available places. Geographical references of the type "land inhabited by people XXX" is encoded with the reference to the corresponding Ethnic unit (see below); ethnonyms, even those used in geographical contexts, do not appear in this list. Repositories are those locations where manuscripts encoded by the project are or used to be preserved. While they are encoded in the same way as all places are, the view offered is different, showing a list of manuscripts associated with the repository.
✖We create metadata for all persons (and groups of persons) associated with the manuscript production and circulation (rulers, religious authorities, scribes, donors, and commissioners) as well as those mentioned in the texts used by the project. The result will be a comprehensive Prosopography of the Ethiopian and Eritrean tradition. See also Help page for more guidance.
Persons and groupsEthnic units
We encode persons according to our Encoding Guidelines. The initial list was inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix. We consider ethnonyms as a subcategory of personal names, even when many are often used in literary works in the context of the "land inhabited by **". The present list of records has been mostly inherited from the Encyclopaedia Aethiopica, and there are still many inconsistencies that we are trying to gradually fix.
✖This section collects some additional resources offered by the project. Select Bibliography to explore the references cited in the project records. The Indexes list different types of project records (persons, places, titles, keywords, etc). Visit Projects for information on partners that have input data directly in the Beta maṣāḥǝft database. Special ways of exploring the data are offered under Visualizations. Two applications were developed in cooperation with the project TraCES, the Gǝʿǝz Morphological Parser and the Online Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae.
BibliographyIndexesProjectsVisualizationsGǝʿǝz Morphological ParserOnline Lexicon Linguae Aethiopicae
Help

You are looking at work in progress version of this website. For questions contact the dev team.

Hover on words to see search options.

Double-click to see morphological parsing.

Click on left pointing hands and arrows to load related items and click once more to view the result in a popup.

You can run a simple search which will look in all text indexes. This is the simplest search that we can offer. Check the options below the input box if you want to change the default settings.

Note that you can click on and/or symbols under the search field for additional filters/facets and on to activate the virtual keyboard.

When the results appear you can use facets to narrow your selection. For that, first select the facet (Item type, Author of changes, Keywords, etc.) and then press "refine search results ". Here you can get a list of items given some parameters, like the entity type, without searching for a string. You can play with the filters to restrict the search and you can certainly combine these with a text search. If you know the identifier (ID) of an item (LIT1234name, MS123abc, PRS12345name, etc.) you can paste it here, and you will get it in the results. if you know only a part, eg. LIT20... it will give you all those which match. To reach a given item with its ID, you can also append that to the base URL of the website, https://betamasaheft.eu/LIT1234name and you will be redirected to the correct landing page. If you have at hand the Clavis Aethiopica number of a Textual Unit, e.g. CAe 1234, you can enter it here and the search will point you to that record. We record (unsystematically) corresponding identifiers from other Claves, like CAVT or CANT, here you can select which one you want to look for and search for records pointing to that. We record for each repository information on settlement, region and country. By searching for the identifier of a place the query will look at related places and check for other repositories which may be associated. If you know how to write your XPath, and know the source TEI (available for each file, by appending .xml to the identifier of the record) you will be able to run that query against the db here. Not all possible paths are optimized. Parallel to the XML, also an RDF triple store is maintained by the project. Here you get an interface to the SPARQL endpoint. You can add your SPARQL query and see the results available.
In the search mask above, you can search for text, below there are options and you can add filters ( ). You can then use facets to narrow your selection.
But text is not all you can search for. In the top menu you can switch to other types of queries and searches which rely on different indexes and data formats. You can check this box to use 'smart' ranking, where a higher score is assigned to hits in placeName, persName, title or to records with text or an occupation element. This will make you wait a bit more. If running a text search, you can select the type of text search. This determines how the single words which you enter are matched in the indexes here By default the search will use OR as an operator, which means that if you search two words you will get hits which contain one OR the other. You may wish to use AND to get the matches which contain your first word AND your second word. If you want them in that particular order, consider using phrase mode from the search type. Click on this plus button to see a series of additional options for your search. If you wish to search for a given word in the hands descriptions and another word in the decorations, here you can do that, using fields. This may help you enter characters which are not immediately present on your keyboard. Keep a letter pressed for additional forms. Use Shift and Alt for alternative keyboards. Instead of the pointer you can use your own keyboard with these values when active. Homophones are mechanically replaced for you, so that for example, if you search for one of 'ሀ', 'ሐ', 'ኀ', 'ሃ', 'ሓ', 'ኃ' we will search for all of them. If you deselect this checkbox the list of homophones will not be considered and only the exact string you searched will be passed on. Homophones are not replaced for search strings longer than 10 characters and is not applied in all modes. If you entered a search string for a Gǝʿǝz string, either typing it in Fidal or in a transliteration format, we can try to convert it and search also the other form. If you entered ወልደ the search engine will look also for walda. If you entered walda also for ወልደ. This depends on the availability of the alternate form.

You can enter above your SPARQL query to the RDF representation of the data stored in Apache Jena Fuseki. Please use single quotes ' not double.

PREFIXes are already there (see below), so you can start with SELECT. If you prefer to use your prefixes, do so, no problem. A super tutorial on how to build SPARQL queries is here at Apache Jena.

Results do not have facets and are presented as they are requested in the query from the SPARQL response.



PREFIX rdf: <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#>
PREFIX rdfs: <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#>
PREFIX lawd: <http://lawd.info/ontology/>
PREFIX oa: <http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#>
PREFIX ecrm: <http://erlangen-crm.org/current/>
PREFIX crm: <http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/>
PREFIX gn: <http://www.geonames.org/ontology#>
PREFIX agrelon: <http://d-nb.info/standards/elementset/agrelon.owl#>
PREFIX rel: <http://purl.org/vocab/relationship/>
PREFIX dcterms: <http://purl.org/dc/terms/>
PREFIX bm: <https://betamasaheft.eu/>
PREFIX pelagios: <http://pelagios.github.io/vocab/terms#>
PREFIX syriaca: <http://syriaca.org/documentation/relations.html#>
PREFIX saws: <http://purl.org/saws/ontology#>
PREFIX snap: <http://data.snapdrgn.net/ontology/snap#>
PREFIX pleiades: <https://pleiades.stoa.org/>
PREFIX wd: <https://www.wikidata.org/>
PREFIX dc: <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/>
PREFIX skos: <http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#>
PREFIX xsd: <http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#>
PREFIX t: <http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0>
PREFIX sdc: <https://w3id.org/sdc/ontology#>
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>

You can also use the API to query the SPARQL endpoint, using https://betamasaheft.eu/api/SPARQL with the query in a parameter q. The results are SPARQL Query Results XML Format, as the one visualized below.

In the Beta maṣāḥǝft Guidelines you can find the OWLDoc Documentation and a visualization thanks to webVOWL of the current ontology developed with Protégé.

Some examples of the data you are querying

Documentation on Linked Open Data can be found here.

Examples:
Search for female donors: "SELECT ?ms ?person WHERE { ?annotation a bm:donor ; oa:hasBody ?person ; oa:hasTarget ?ms . ?ms a bm:mss . ?person foaf:gender 'female' . } "
Manuscripts with a patron of the imperial family: "SELECT DISTINCT ?manuscript ?patron ?relation ?ruler WHERE{ ?annotation a bm:patron ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript ; oa:hasBody ?patron . ?manuscript a bm:mss . ?patron snap:hasBond ?bondName . ?bondName rdf:type ?relation ; snap:bond-with ?ruler . ?ruler snap:occupation 'Emperor' . }"
Mountains mentioned in Liturgy manuscripts: "SELECT DISTINCT ?mountain ?manuscript WHERE { ?att oa:hasBody ?mountain ; oa:hasTarget ?manuscript . ?manuscript a bm:mss ; a bm:Liturgy . ?mountain a bm:place ; pleiades:hasFeatureType in <https://betamasaheft.eu/authority-files/mountain> . } LIMIT 50"

The results presented here are visualized with d3sparql

Enter above your XPath 3.0 query to the data. (You can alternatively use the old XPath search page here) Please, use t: namespace for TEI elements. The starting point of any Xpath should be $config:collection-root if you are searching the entire dataset.

NB: if you are a member of the BM GitHub organization and work with Oxygen you may run your XPath Queries directly in your Oxygen project; in this case start the string directly with //TEI.

You can also use, as a cached and short form to point to collections the following variables: $config:collection-rootMS for manuscripts; $config:collection-rootW for Textual Units $config:collection-rootPl for places; $config:collection-rootPr for persons; $config:collection-rootIn for repositories; $config:collection-rootA for authority files.

Examples:
Persons marked up in colophons: $config:collection-rootMS//t:colophon[t:persName]
Manuscripts with at least 26 additions: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[@xml:id='a26']
Manuscripts with a text marked up as Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[descendant::t:textLang[@mainLang='am' or @otherLangs='am']]
Manuscripts with additions that contain something tagged Amharic: $config:collection-rootMS//t:TEI[not(contains(@xml:id, 'IHA'))]//t:additions[descendant::t:*[@xml:lang='am']]
Records with the title with the subtype inscriptio: $config:collection-root//t:title[contains(@subtype,'inscriptio')]
Manuscripts that have at least 31 quires: $config:collection-rootMS//t:collation/t:list[count(t:item) ge 31]
Manuscripts where a roleName appears: $config:collection-rootMS//t:roleName
Additons of the type OwnershipNote: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']]
Place records revised in 2022: $config:collection-rootPl//t:revisionDesc/t:change[contains(concat(' ', @when, ' '), '2022')]
Work records that contain "Senodos" inside title: $config:collection-rootW//t:titleStmt/t:title[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Works that contain the string "Senodos" somewhere: $config:collection-rootW//*[contains(.,'Senodos')]
Person record which have at least some attribute for birth and death (can be when, notBefore, notAfter) elements and occupation type ruler: $config:collection-rootPr//t:person[t:birth[@*]][t:death[@*]][t:occupation[@type='ruler']]
Manuscripts with miniatures in them: $config:collection-rootMS//t:decoDesc[t:decoNote[@type='miniature']]
Manuscripts with an addition element typed Ownership Note followed by another one with type Supplication: $config:collection-rootMS//t:additions/t:list/t:item[t:desc[@type='OwnershipNote']][following-sibling::t:item[t:desc[@type='Supplication']]]

Here you can differentiate your search by looking at the text of constructed strings from specific portions of the data. You can search for records which have a word occurring in the decoration and another in the content description, for example.















Resource type
manuscript40
General
Abreham Adugna2
Denis Nosnitsin40
Dorothea Reule1
Ekaterina Gusarova13
Eugenia Sokolinski4
Iosif Fridman9
Irene Roticiani2
Magdalena Krzyzanowska4
Massimo Villa7
Pietro Maria Liuzzo40
Sophia Dege-Müller2
Stéphane Ancel10
Susanne Hummel3
Vitagrazia Pisani10
2024-02-201
2022-04-071
2020-03-271
2020-11-261
2019-04-259
2017-09-071
2017-09-081
2017-10-041
2016-05-1040
2016-05-311
2015-01-293
2015-02-061
2015-02-202
2015-02-271
2015-03-062
2015-03-101
2015-05-031
2015-05-211
2014-04-094
2014-04-144
2014-04-172
2014-04-181
2014-08-263
2014-08-271
2014-09-012
2014-09-091
2014-09-191
2014-09-221
2014-09-242
2014-10-142
2014-10-281
2014-11-031
2014-11-161
2014-12-131
2013-01-151
2013-02-061
2013-03-071
2013-04-091
2013-04-221
2013-04-292
2013-04-301
2013-05-131
2013-05-271
2013-07-231
2013-07-281
2013-08-051
2013-08-211
2012-05-091
2012-05-111
2012-08-081
2012-08-151
2012-08-281
2012-09-183
2012-09-211
2012-10-241
2011-01-071
2011-02-221
2011-03-151
2011-03-251
2011-04-211
2011-04-261
2011-06-222
2011-07-061
2011-09-161
2011-09-221
2010-05-1118
2010-05-1215
2010-05-136
2010-10-051
2010-10-061
2010-10-211
2010-12-131
2010-12-141
2010-12-211
Apocrypha3
Christian Literature2
Hagiography10
History and Historiography2
Homily4
Liturgy8
Miracle1
Missal7
New Testament3
Old Testament1
Poetry3
Prayers2
Rituals and Rites3
Theology1
Translation1
English40
Gǝʿǝz 29
Tigrinya 1
Manuscripts
cardboard1
leather18
textile8
wood35
Ethio-SPaRe40
18
231
33
complete9
incomplete3
deficient18
good21
intact1
ʾArgānona wǝddāse1
Dǝrsāna sanbata krǝstiyān “Homily on the Sabbath of Christians” (Homily on the observance of Sunday, ascribed to Jaqob of Serug)1
Discourse on the life and on the decollation of John the Baptist, ascribed to John Chrysostom (Nagar bakama kona ḥǝywatu la-qǝddusYoḥannǝs Maṭmǝq ... )1
ʾƎsaggǝd la-malakotǝka... "I worship Thy Godhead..."1
Four Gospels1
Hagiographic Dossier of St Gabra Manfas Qǝddus1
Homily on the glory of John the Baptist, ascribed to John Chrysostom (Dǝrsān za-darasa Yoḥannǝs ʿAfa Warq … baʾǝnta kǝbru la-Yoḥannǝs Maṭmǝq)1
I. Dǝrsāna sanbata krǝstiyān “Homily on the Sabbath of Christians” (Homily on the observance of Sunday, ascribed to Jaqob of Serug)1
I. Gadla Qirqos “Vita of Cyricus”1
Liturgical miscellanea1
Malkǝʾa Yoḥannǝs Maṭmǝq “Image of John the Baptist”1
Maṣḥafa nǝfq1
Miracles of Gabra Manfas Qǝddus: 2 miracles1
Miracles of Jesus: 4 miracles1
Miracles of Libānos: 4 miracles1
Miracles of Mary1
Miracles of St Michael: 3 miracles1
Miracles of the Saviour of the World: 1 miracle1
Miracles of the Trinity: 3 miracles1
Missal1
Psalter1
Salām laki ḫoḫǝta mǝśrāq... "Salutation to you, Threshold of the East…"1
Ṣalota ʿǝṭān "Prayer of Incense"1
Synaxarion for the first three months of the year1
Taʾammǝra Yoḥannǝs Maṭmǝq “Miracles of John the Baptist”1
16491
17001
17501
17701
17751
18504
18671
18701
18762
18893
18903
190012
19041
19202
19271
19301
19501
19601
19701
16001
16481
16501
17301
17501
17701
180011
18251
18504
18551
18631
18653
18691
18702
18724
18811
19002
19302
1001
1051
201
251
321
353
406
453
503
531
551
571
606
631
672
704
802
902
ʾabuna Walda Yoḥannǝs (41va)1
daǧǧāzmāč Ḥāgʷas Tafari1
ʿƎquba Libānos (in the supplication formulas, e.g., fols. 9va, , 10vb) 1
Gabra Ḥǝywat (41va)1
Gǝrma Yoḥannǝs (14vb)1
Ḥāgʷas Tafari1
Lāhǝya Dǝngǝl (in the supplication formulas, e.g., 9va, 10vb ) 1
Ramḥā Śǝllāse (s. miniature fol. 2v) 1
Salomon (42ra)1
Walatta Mikāʾel (14vb)1
Walda Tǝnśāʾe (in the supplication formulas, e.g., 9va, 10vb ) 1
Codex40
Other1
1401
1451
1501
1551
1601
1704
1771
1803
1851
1931
1952
2001
2102
2131
2151
2201
2251
2301
2353
2451
2471
2501
2631
2701
2852
2952
3251
3351
3401
3851
no33
yes7
parchment40
012
114
25
37
41
51
039
21
06
123
210
61
101
111
120
26
36
42
51
63
038
111
121
040
115
131
161
217
241
31
43
71
109.01
1101
111.01
124.01
128.01
129.01
1331
142.01
146.02
17.01
174.01
177.01
186.01
188.01
191.01
34.01
35.01
37.02
38.01
381
39.01
41
42.01
45.01
49.01
53.01
56.01
62.01
64.02
69.01
73.01
78.01
79.01
81.01
86.01
941
96.01
98.01
no34
yes6
Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase40
1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/B!.1
1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C(or B!)1
1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C: 6v-40r. 1
54r-64v: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C.1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C. 2
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/A.1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/B. 1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/B or C.1
Ruling pattern:1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C.1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C. 1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C.10
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C. 6
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C 2
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A/0-0/0-0/A.1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A/0-0/0-0/A. 1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A/0-0/0-0/B.1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A/0-0/0-0/C.1
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A/0-0/0-0/C. 2
Ruling pattern: 1A-1A/0-0/0-0/C. 2
Ruling pattern: 1D-1D-1D1D/0-0/0-0/B.1
Ruling pattern: 1E-1E-1E1E/0-0/0-0/B.1
Ruling pattern: 1E-1E-1E1E/0-0/0-0/C. 1
Ruling pattern: 1r-53v: 1A-1A-1A1A/0-0/0-0/C.1
Ruling pattern cannot be established with certainty.1
Ruling pattern cannot be established with precision.1
Ruling patterns: 1A-1A/0-0/0-0/C: 3r-6r.1
Ruling patterns: 1A-1A/0-0/0-0/C: 3r-6r.1
ʾAbuna Walda Muse1
Tawalda Ḥǝḍān 1
Walda Muse1
Walda Muse2
Walda Muse2
Walda Muse9
Walda Ṣādǝq1
Walda Tǝnśāʾe1
Yämanä Bǝrhān1
Za-Dǝngǝl1
Zawalda Māryām1
Zawalda Māryām1
Ethiopic40
only metadata39
some text present1
band1
bindingMaterial40
drawing5
Endbands39
frame19
miniature10
Other40
GuestText1
Inventory1
Record1
findingAid12
1001
1101
1151
1202
1253
1302
1331
1351
1403
1431
1502
1652
1701
1753
1801
1853
1872
1901
2202
2252
2401
2651
2753
3101
121
131
142
151
164
174
185
193
204
213
223
232
242
252
271
281
302
32 331
341
Textual and Narrative Units
only metadata39
some text present1
Places and Repositories
Persons and Groups
19301
19001
ethnic40
n/a40
individual40

There are 40 entities matching your text query for "" with the parameters shown at the right. (searched: )

Search time: 1.333 seconds.
mode: anysearchType: textwork-types: mssreporef: INS0042MR
    title
    hits count
    first three keywords in context
    item-type specific options
    stubmanuscriptsESmr001TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-001
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-001
    Short Description
    This leather codex is composed of 94 4 leaves. It has 12 main content units in 2 codicological units. Available dates of origin in the description: Based on other manuscripts written by Walda Muse scribe ( Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-007 , Bǝḥerāwi Kǝllǝlāwi Mangǝśti Tǝgrāy, ʿUrā Qirqos, UM-023 , Gulo Maḵadā, ʾAgamyo Qǝddus Mikāʾel, AGM-009 , and Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-004 ) which contain information allowing approximate dating, we may infer that the scribe should have written the manuscript between 1865 and 1890.. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
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    stubmanuscriptsESmr003TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-003
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-003
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 110 leaves. It has 3 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Early 20th century.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr004TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-004
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-004
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 38 leaves. It has 15 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr005TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-005
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-005
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 133 leaves. It has 6 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1600-1700. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr006TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-006
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-006
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 17.0 leaves. It has 23 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr007TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-007
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-007
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 96.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr008TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-008
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-008
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 111.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1770-1775. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr009TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-009
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-009
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 35.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr010TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-010
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-010
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 42.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Middle of the 20th cent.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr011TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-011
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-011
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 69.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 19th century.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr012TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-012
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-012
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 39.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 19th century. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr013TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-013
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-013
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 124.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr014TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-014
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-014
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 56.0 leaves. It has 4 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1800-1900. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr014bTEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-014b
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-014b
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 62.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: The scribe ʾabuna Walda Muse was a contemporary of King Yoḥannǝs IV (r. 1872-89). A bifolio included in quire A originate from a different, 15th-cent. manuscript.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr015TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-015
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-015
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 73.0 leaves. It has 3 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Late 19th - early 20th century. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr016TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-016
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-016
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 49.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Based on other Mss. written by Walda Muse (MR-001, MR-007, UM-023, AGM-009 and MR-004) which contain information on chronology, we may infer that the scribe wrote the Ms. between 1865 and 1890.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr018TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-018
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-018
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 37.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: First half of the 19th cent. (?). There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr019TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-019
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-019
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 146.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr020TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-020
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-020
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 64.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 19th century (?).. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr021TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-021
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-021
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 191.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 19th century (?). There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr022TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-022
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-022
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 81.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr023TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-023
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-023
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 45.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: The colophon mentions King Yoḥannǝs IV (1872-89) and of Metropolitan ʾabuna ʾAtnatewos (in tenure 1869-76). Besides, the colophon refers to the year of John the Evangelist.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr024TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-024
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-024
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 38.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Text I: second half of the 19th cent. Text II: 15th cent.. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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    stubmanuscriptsESmr025TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-025
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-025
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 142.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr026TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-026
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-026
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 177.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: The colophon mentions daǧǧāzmāč Kaḥsay who might be the son of daǧǧāzmāč Sabāgādis (1780/85-1831); therefore, the Ms. can be dated back to the second quarter of the 19th century.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr027TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-027
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-027
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 53.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 19th century (?). There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr029TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-029
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-029
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 129.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Late 19th - early 20th cent. (?). There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr031TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-031
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-031
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 78.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 19th cent. All quires date to approximately the same period.. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr032TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-032
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-032
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 128.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Early 20th century.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr033TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-033
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-033
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 109.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Zawalda Māryām scribe is mentioned as copyist in other manuscripts (s. e.g. Mss. UM-042, UM-041, MR-008) dating into the mid-18th century.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr033bTEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-033b
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-033b
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 64.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Second half of the 19th cent.. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr034TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-034
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-034
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 79.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: . There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr035TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-035
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-035
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 186.0 leaves. It has 1 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1855-1904. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr036TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-036
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-036
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 98.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Late 19th-early 20th century.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr037TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-037
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-037
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 188.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Mid-18th to mid-19th cent. (?). There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr038TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-038
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-038
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 86.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: Second third of the 20th cent.. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr039TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-039
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-039
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 34.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 19th century.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr040TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-040
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-040
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 37.0 leaves. It has 3 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: First half of the 19th cent.. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    stubmanuscriptsESmr041TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-041
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-041
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 146.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: 1650-1750. There are The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

    List of related persons

    No persons related to this manuscripts are known.

    stubmanuscriptsESmr045TEI
    Gulo Maḵadā, Mǝdra Rubā Sǝllase, MR-045
    0 in
    Signatures
    MR-045
    Short Description
    This parchment codex is composed of 174.0 leaves. It has 2 main content units in 1 codicological unit. Available dates of origin in the description: The colophon indicates that the Ms. was completed on 1951 A.M. (= 1958 A.D.) during the reign of King Ḫāyla Śǝllāse I.. There is 1 hand described with Ethiopic script attested. The description includes a collation of the quires.
    placespersonsrelations

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