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Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 25

Massimo Villa

This manuscript description is based on the catalogues listed in the catalogue bibliography

Stub
https://betamasaheft.eu/BAVet25
Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana[view repository]

Collection: Aethiopici

General description

Four Gospels

Number of Text units: 13

Number of Codicological units: 1

For a table of all relations from and to this record, please go to the Relations view. In the Relations boxes on the right of this page, you can also find all available relations grouped by name.

Origin

Original Location: Rome According to (a4) , the book was brought to Rome coming from the monastery of Hāra Zuwayla

1400-1499 according to More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseran 1250-1350 according to Siegbert Uhlig The dating is antedated on palaeographical grounds in Uhlig 1988. 1250-1300 according to Rochus Zuurmond

Summary

  1. ms_i1 (Fols 1r–259v

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    ), Four Gospels
    1. ms_i1.1 (Fols 1r–72v

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      ), Gospel of Matthew
      1. ms_i1.1.1 (Fols 1r–2r

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        ), Wangel za-Mātewos, Tituli of the Gospel of Matthew
      2. ms_i1.1.2 (Fols 3r–72v

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        ), Bǝsrāta Mātewos
    2. ms_i1.2 (Fols 73r–118v

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      ), Gospel of Mark
      1. ms_i1.2.1 (Fols 73r and following

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        ), Wangel za-Mārqos, Tituli of the Gospel of Mark
      2. ms_i1.2.2 (Fols 75r–118v

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        ), Bǝsrāta Mārqos
    3. ms_i1.3 (Fols 119r–200v

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      ), Gospel of Luke
      1. ms_i1.3.1 (Fols 119r–120v

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        ), Wangel za-Luqās, Tituli of the Gospel of Luke
      2. ms_i1.3.2 (Fols 122r–200v

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        ), Bǝsrāta Luqās
    4. ms_i1.4 (Fols 201r–259v

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      ), Gospel of John
      1. ms_i1.4.1 (Fols 201r and following

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        ), Gospel of John, Tituli of the Gospel of John
      2. ms_i1.4.2 (Fols 202r–259v

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        ), Gospel of John

Contents


Fols 1r–259v

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Four Gospels (CAe 1560)

Fols 1r–72v

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Gospel of Matthew (CAe 1558) The Eusebian Canons and the Letter to Carpianus are missing. No introduction is provided.

Fols 1r–2r

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Wangel za-Mātewos, Tituli of the Gospel of Matthew (CAe 1558 TituliMatthew)

Fols 3r–72v

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Bǝsrāta Mātewos (CAe 2709) Stichometry is added at the end of the text, on fol. 72v .

Fols 73r–118v

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Gospel of Mark (CAe 1882)

Fols 73r and following

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Wangel za-Mārqos, Tituli of the Gospel of Mark (CAe 1882 TituliMark)

Fols 75r–118v

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Bǝsrāta Mārqos (CAe 2711) Stichometry is added at the end of the text, on fol. 118v .

Fols 119r–200v

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Gospel of Luke (CAe 1812)

Fols 119r–120v

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Wangel za-Luqās, Tituli of the Gospel of Luke (CAe 1812 TituliLuke)

Fols 122r–200v

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Bǝsrāta Luqās (CAe 2713) Stichometry is added at the end of the text, on fol. 200v .

Fols 201r–259v

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Gospel of John (CAe 1693)

Fols 201r and following

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Gospel of John, Tituli of the Gospel of John (CAe 1693 TituliJohn)

Fols 202r–259v

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Gospel of John (CAe 2715) Stichometry is added at the end of the text, on fol. 259v .

Secondary Bibliography , item 1.4.2

  • Wechsler, M. G. 2005. Evangelium Iohannis Aethiopicum, ed. M. G. Wechsler, Corpus Scriptorum Christianorum Orientalium, 617, Scriptores Aethiopici, 109 (Lovanii: In aedibus Peeters, 2005). xi

Additions In this unit there are in total 3 s, 1 , 1 .

  1. Fol. Ir

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    (Type: DonationNote)

    Donation note

    ( gez ) ይቤ፡ ቀሌምንጦስ፡ ወልዱ፡ ለአቡና፡ (!) ለአቡና፡ (!) (!) ተክለ፡ ሃይማኖት። ወዓዲ፡ ለአቡነ፡ ሳሙኤል፡ ዘደብረ፡ ቈየጻ፡ ነጋዲ፡ (!) ነጋዲ፡ (!) (!) ኢየሩሳሌም። ወተጽሕፈት፡ በሃገረ፡ ሮማ፡ በዝኅር፡ ጴጥሮስ፡ ወጳውሎስ። በቅድመ፡ ፲ወ፬፡ ነጋድያን፡ በራይስ፡ ዮሐንስ። ወወሃበ፡ ጻሕል፡ (!) ጻሕል፡ (!) (!) ዘብሩር፡ ዘልቡጥ፡ በወርቅ፡ ወጽዋዕኒ፡ እንተ፡ ላዕሉ፡ ብሩር፡ ዘስርግው፡ በወርቅ፡ ለደብረ፡ ቅዱስ፡ እስጢፋኖስ፡ በእንተ፡ መድኃኒተ፡ ነፍሱ። ወጻሕልኒ፡ አስራዚ፡ በዘ፡ ይትኃፀቡ፡ ቀሳውስት፡ በጊዜ፡ ቅዳሴ። ወተጽኅገት፡ በወ<ር>ሐ፡ ሐምሌ። ኣመ፡ (!) ኣመ፡ (!) (!) ፲ወ፪፡ ለሰርቀ፡ ሌሊት። ወኣመ፡ (!) ወኣመ፡ (!) (!) ፳ወ፭፡ ለሰርቀ፡ ማዓልት። (!) ማዓልት። (!) (!) በ፻፡ ፺፡ ወ፪፡ ዓመተ፡ ምሕረት፡ በመዋዕለ፡ ዮሐንስ፡ ወንጌላዊ። ወዘንተ፡ ዘተዓደዋ፡ ዘተዓዲዋ፡ (!) (!)corrected by More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseran ወዘደምሰሳ፡ ወዘ፡ መተራ፡ ወዘ፡ ሰራቃ፡ (!) ሰራቃ፡ (!) (!) ወዘተአገላ፡ ለዛቲ፡ መጽሐፍ። ውጉዘ፡ ይኩን፡ በኣፈ፡ (!) በኣፈ፡ (!) (!) አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ። ወበአፉሃ፡ ለእግዝእትነ፡ ማርያም፡ ወበአፈ፡ ትጉሃን፡ መላእክት። ኣፈ፡ (!) ኣፈ፡ (!) (!) ነቢያት፡ ወሓዋርያት። (!) ወሓዋርያት። (!) (!) ወበአፈ፡ ጻድቃን፡ ወሰማዕት። ወበሰይፈ፡ ቃሎሙ፡ ለጴጥሮስ፡ ወጰውሎስ፡ (!) ወጰውሎስ፡ (!) (!) ለዓለመ፡ ዓለም፡ ኣሜን። (!) ኣሜን። (!) (!) ወለውእቱኒ፡ ዘወሃብኩ፡ ለቤተ፡ ክርስተያን፡ (!) ክርስተያን፡ (!) (!) ዘሰረቆ፡ ወዘተአገሎ፡ ውስተዝ፡ መጽሐፍ፡ ዘሃለወ፡ ግዘት፡ ይብጽሖ፡ ይብጽሐ፡ (!) (!)corrected by More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseran ወይእስሮ፡ አሜን። አሜን፡

    ( en ) Qalemǝnṭos, (spiritual) son of Takla Hāymānot and also of Sāmuʾel of Dabra Qʷayyaṣā, pilgrim of Jerusalem said: (this book) was written in the city of Rome at the sepulchre of Peter and Paul before fourteen pilgrims, Yoḥannǝs being prior. He gave a silver dish plated with gold and a silver chalice adorned with gold to the monastery of St Stephen for the salvation of his soul. By the dish, (called) ʾasrāzi, the priests wash (their hands) during the mass. (This) was written in the month of Ḥamle, on the twelfth day from the beginning of the nights and on the twenty-fifth (day) from the beginning of the days in the year of mercy 192, year of John the evangelist. Those who destroy, cut out, steal or rob this book shall be excommunicated by the mouth of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, by the mouth of Our Lady Mary, by the mouth of the watcher angels, the mouth of the prophets and the apostles, by the mouth of the righteous and the martyrs, by the sword of the word of Peter and Paul for ever and ever. Amen. I gave this book to the church. Who steals and who robs it shall be excommunicated and imprisoned. Amen, amen.

    The note states that Qalemǝnṭos donor , (spiritual) son of Takla Hāymānot and of Sāmuʾel of Dabra Qʷayyaṣā , donated this book to the church of Santo Stefano dei Mori . The note was written in Rome at the time rāyǝs role: title Yoḥannǝs was in tenure, on 19th July 1540 AD (cp. Fiaccadori 1989).
  2. Fol. 2v (Type: DonationNote)

    Donation note

    ( gez ) ዝንቱ፡ ወንግል፡ (!) ወንግል፡ (!) (!) ዘቤተ፡ መስቀል፡ ዘዕ[c. 3 chars lost]ommission by ዘወሀብኩ፡ አነ፡ ብቋዕ፡ ለጽዮን፡ ከመ፡ ይስረይ፡ ኀጢአትየ፡ ወከመ፡ ይደምስስ፡ ጌጋይየ፡ እለ፡ አንበብክሙ፡ ጸልዩ፡ ላዕሌየ፡ ወባርኩኒ፡ ወኢትስድዋ፡ ብሔረ፡ ባዕድ፡ (!) ባዕድ፡ (!) (!)

    ( en ) This (is) the gospel of Beta Masqal, that I Bǝqʷāʿ Laṣǝyon donated. Might God absolve my sins and delete my mistakes. You, who read, pray for me, bless me and do not bring this (book) away to another region.

    The note mentions Bǝqʷāʿ Laṣǝyon donor as the donor. The note is followed by two additional ownership notes, which are nearly entirely illegible.
  3. Fol. 259v

    Mention of ʾaṣe role: title Galāwdewos

    ( gez ) ኵሉ፡ ቃላቱ፡ (!) ቃላቱ፡ (!) (!) ለወንጌል፡ (!) ለወንጌል፡ (!) (!) ጽድቅ። ንጉስ። ገላውዴዎስ፡ ዘኢቶእያ፡ (!) ዘኢቶእያ፡ (!) (!) ንጉሥነ፡ ሰላም፡ ወፍሥሓ፡ ለነ፡ በክርስቶስ፡

    ( en ) All the words of the gospels of justice. King Galāwdewos of Ethiopia, our king. Peace and joy to us in Christ.

    Two empty lines in stichometry at the end of ms_i4.2 not found in this file have been filled in another hand with the name of ʾaṣe role: title Galāwdewos .
  4. Fol. 259v (Type: DonationNote)

    Donation note

    ( gez ) ለዝንቱ፡ ወንጌል፡ ወሀብነ፡ ነጋድያን፡ እንዘ፡ ራይስ፡ ጽጌ፡ ድንግል፡ ወኵልነ፡ ኀቢረነ፡ በኃርዘ፡ (!) በኃርዘ፡ (!) (!) ወይላ፡ (!) ወይላ፡ (!) (!) ዴርነ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ይዕቀበነ፡ አሜን፡ ወኀብነ፡ ለሮማ፡ መከንን፡ (!) መከንን፡ (!) (!) ዘሴጦ፡ ወዘለወጦ፡ ወዘሄዶ፡ ወዘተአገሎ፡ ውጉዘ፡ ለይኩን፡ በአፈ፡ አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ አሜን፡

    ( en ) We, the pilgrims, donated this book at the time Ṣǝge Dǝngǝl was prior and we all were gathered in our monastery Ḫārza Waylā. Shall God keep us safe. Amen. We donated (this book) to Rome, to our (sacred) place. Those who sell it, who alter it, who steal it and rob it shall be excommunicated by the mouth of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit.

    The note states that the book was donated by the monks of the monastery of Hāra Zuwayla (here Ḫārza Waylā) at the time rāyǝs role: title Ṣǝge Dǝngǝl was in tenure.
  5. Fol. 260r

    Prayer to God

    Text in Gǝʿǝz

    The prayer is written in a slightly later hand. It begins as follows:

    ( gez ) እግዚእነ፡ መፍቀሬ፡ ሰብእ፡ አምላክነ፡ ወመድኀኒነ፡ ኣንተ፡ ውእቱ፡ ዘፈነውከ፡ አርዳኢከ፡ ወላእካኒከ፡ ቅዱሳነ፡ ውስተ፡ አጽናፈ፡ ዓለም፡ ይስብኩ፡ ወንጌለ፡ መንግሥት፡

    , and terminates as follows:

    ( gez ) ወይኵን፡ (!) ወይኵን፡ (!) (!) ጼናሁ፡ ማዐዛ፡ (!) ማዐዛ፡ (!) (!) ሠናየ፡ በቅድሜከ፡ በጸጋ፡ ወሣህል፡ (!) ወሣህል፡ (!) (!) መፍቀሬ፡ ሰብእ፡ ወልድከ፡ ዋሕድ፡ <ሎቱ፡> ምስሌከ፡ አብ፡ ምስለ፡ አቡከ፡ (!) (!)corrected by More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseran ቀዳማዊ፡ ወምስለ፡ መንፈስከ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ማሕየዊ፡ ስብሐት፡ ወክብር፡ ለዓለመ፡ ዓለም፡ አሜን፡

    . The name inserted in the prayer are written in a secondary hand on check the viewerfol. 260va and are barely legible:
  6. Fol. 260v

    The names mentioned in the preceding prayer are written in the same hand as (a3) on check the viewerfol. 260va and have been mostly erased: only

    ( gez ) ዘኢየሩሳሌም። ተልሚድሂ።

    ("disciple from Jerusalem ") is legible. On check the viewerfol. 260va the following names are legible:

    ( gez ) ዘውገ፡ ማርያም፡ ዘሮማ፡ ራይስ፡ ዮሐንስ።

    ("Zawga Māryām , Yoḥannǝs prior of Rome"), cp. Fiaccadori 1989.
  7. check the viewerFol. 261r (Type: Supplication)

    Supplication of the owner

    ( gez ) ለዘገብረ፡ [...]ommission by More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseran ለነ፡ ይምኃሮ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ኃጢኣቶሙ፡ (!) ኃጢኣቶሙ፡ (!) (!) ይስረዮ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡

    The note is mostly illegible.
  8. Fol. 262v

    Rule of the monastery

    ( gez ) በስመ፡ አብ፡ ወወልድ፡ ወመንፈስ፡ ቅዱስ፡ ጸሐፍነ፡ ወሠራዕነ፡ ንሕነ፡ ፈላሲያን፡ ሐበሲ፡ ወዓቃቤ፡ ሰዓት፡ ፍሥሓነ፡ ወምስሌነ፡ እግዚእ። ንቡረ፡ እድ፡ ንብርእድ፡ (!) (!)corrected by More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseran ዘጻምዎ፡ (!) ዘጻምዎ፡ (!) (!) ለቤተ፡ ማኅበር፡ ለኢየሩሳሌም፡ ወዝዘጸሐፍነ፡ አኮ፡ ዘተመኵሖ፡ (!) ዘተመኵሖ፡ (!) (!) አላ፡ በእንተ፡ እግዚአብሔር፡ ከመ፡ ይጽንሁ፡ ፈላሲያን፡ በኢየሩሳሌም፡ ከመ፡ ኢይግብኡ፡ ድግግሪተ፡ ወኢያንሶስዉ፡ ኀበ፡ ንዋይ፡ ወኢይሖሩ፡ ዘእንበል፡ በመበሕተ፡ (!) በመበሕተ፡ (!) (!) ዓቃቤ፡ ሰዓት፡ ወደቂቀ፡ ማኅበር፡ ወዘይፈቅድ፡ ያንሶሱ፡ ኀበ፡ ንዋይ፡ ወይፈቅድ፡ ይግባእ፡ ውስተ፡ ብሔሩ፡ ኢይባእ፡ ውስተ፡ ቤተ፡ ማኅበር፡ ወዘይፈቅድ፡ ይባእ፡ ውስተ፡ ማኅበር፡ ይሀብ፡ (!) ይሀብ፡ (!) (!) ዘሎቱ፡ ለዓቃቤ፡ ሰዓት፡ እመሂ፡ ብዙኀ፡ አው፡ ሕዳጠ፡ ወለእመቦ፡ ዘፈቀደ፡ ነቢረ፡ ባሕቲቱ፡ ንዋየ፡ ዘሰሳይ፡ (!) ዘሰሳይ፡ (!) (!) ወዘንዋሙ፡ አኀዊየ፡ አጽንዕዋ፡ ለዝንቱ፡ ሥርዐት፡ ወለንዋሙ፡ ኦኀዊየ፡ (!) ኦኀዊየ፡ (!) (!) አክብሩ፡ ዘይልህቀክሙ፡ ወታፈቀሩ፡ (!) ወታፈቀሩ፡ (!) (!) በበይናቲክሙ፡ መአስረ፡ (!) መአስረ፡ (!) (!) ተፍጻሜት፡ ፍቅር፡ እግዚአ፡ ብሔር፡ ምስለ፡ ኵልክሙ፡ አሜን።

    The note is incomplete and partly erased. It mentions the ʿaqqābe saʿat role: title Fǝśśǝḥāna and the nǝbura ʾǝd role: title Mǝslena ʾƎgziʾ .
  9. Fol. 263v (Type: Inventory)

    Inventory list

    ( gez ) ጸሐፍነ፡ ንዋየ፡ ለማርያም፡ ዘቀራንዮ፡ አልባስ፡ (!) አልባስ፡ (!) (!) ቀሚስ፡ ፲፡ አክማም፡ ፲፮፡ በደላ፡ (!) በደላ፡ (!) (!) ዘሐፊር፡ ፮። ተዘከርዋ፡ ለስ[...]ommission by More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseranደርዘወ[ሀበ]ት፡ አመታ፡ ለማርያም።

    The inventory lists the items probably kept in the Calvary chapel. The note is partly illegible and mentions a certain ʾAmatā Lamāryām .

Extras

  1. The shelfmark ( la ) Etiop. is written on the cover.

  2. Fol. IIr

    Images relevant for Vatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 25, no id e2, from https://digi.vatlib.it/iiif/MSS_Vat.et.25/manifest.json

    You are viewing a sequence of images including Fol. IIr

    Open with Mirador Viewer

    The title of the book ( la ) quatuor Evangelia was written by Felice Contelori , librarian of the Vatican library.

  3. Fol. 201v

    Name of an individual, Takla ʾAbrǝḥam , possibly a reader or a owner.

  4. Fol. 263v

    Pen trials, names of Our Lady Mary and of the apostles, amongst whom ያቆቡስ፡ that recalls the Latin form Jacobus.

Catalogue Bibliography

  • Grébaut, S. and E. Tisserant 1935. Bybliothecae apostolicae Vaticanae codices manu scripti recensiti iussu Pii XI Pontificis maximi. Codices Aethiopici Vaticani et Borgiani, Barberinianus orientalis 2, Rossianus 865, I: Enarratio codicum (Città del Vaticano: In Bybliotheca Vaticana, 1935). page 127-131

Secondary Bibliography

  • Zuurmond, R. 1989. Novum Testamentum Aethiopice: The Synoptic Gospels, I: General Introduction; II: Edition of the Gospel of Mark, Äthiopistische Forschungen, 27 (Stuttgart: Franz Steiner, 1989). page 56-58

Physical Description

Form of support

Parchment Codex

Extent

+NaN (leaf) , Entered as 269 (III + 266) 6 (leaf, blank) : Entered as 6 check the viewerFolss. Iv, IIv, IIIr, check the viewerFols 264r–266v +NaN (quire) .Entered as 34 (A + 33) 200 125
Outer dimensions
Height 200mm
Width 125mm

Foliation

Quire Structure Collation

Signatures:

Position Number Leaves Quires Description
1 A 3 i-iii
2 1 8
3 2 8
4 3 8
5 4 8
6 5 7
7 6 8
8 7 8
9 8 8
10 9 8
11 10 8
12 11 8
13 12 8
14 13 8
15 14 8
16 15 8
17 16 8
18 17 8
19 18 8
20 19 8
21 20 8
22 21 8
23 22 8
24 23 8
25 24 8
26 25 8
27 26 8
28 27 8
29 28 8
30 29 8
31 30 8
32 31 8
33 32 8
34 33 6

It is unfortunately not possible with the information provided to print the collation diagrams and formula.

  • Quire with id:q1 and n A is made of 3 leaves, but there is no futher information about the reason this number is odd.
  • Quire with id:q6 and n 5 is made of 7 leaves, but there is no futher information about the reason this number is odd.

State of preservation

good

Condition

Binding

Two covers of red leather.

Binding material

leather

Original binding

Yes

Layout

Layout note 1

Number of columns: 2

Number of lines: 28

Palaeography

  • Hand 1

    Script: Ethiopic

    Written in a fine handwriting.

    Ink: Black, red

    Rubrication: Titles of the Gospels on the incipit page of each Gospel and in the upper margin; titles of the sections in the margins; several groups of lines on the incipit page of each Gospel; liturgical directives; numbers of the canons of Eusebius in the margins; numbers of the sections in the indices; the qom-sign; the zǝya-sign; the monogram of Christ.

    Date: 1400-1499 according to More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseran 1250-1350 according to Siegbert Uhlig Rochus Zuurmond

    1400-1499 according to More than 1 PRS4805Grebaut PRS9530Tisseran 1250-1350 according to Siegbert Uhlig Rochus Zuurmond Some palaeographical features: letters መ, የ, ደ, and ጸ have a triangular shape; the left strokes of በ and ዘ are slanted; ሀ and ሠ have angular shapes; ሎ has the loop marking the 7th order of half-round or triangular shape, sometimes directly attached to the body of the letter, with no linking line (Uhlig 1988); the upper part of ት, ቅ, and ሕ is not kinked but rather bent (Uhlig 1988, Zuurmond 1989); the numerals are written without dashes; ፪ has angular and not separated loops; ፮ has the loop open, looking like "compressed" ፯; ፱ has angular shape; ፴ has no left stroke; ፫፻ is written by means of one single stroke; ኣ is frequently used instead of አ; the qom-sign, the zǝya-sign, and the monogram of Christ are used (cp. Uhlig 1988, Zuurmond 1989).
  • Publication Statement

    authority
    Hiob-Ludolf-Zentrum für Äthiopistik
    pubPlace
    Hamburg
    publisher
    Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft
    availability

    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.

    date
    2016-12-05T16:12:37.552+02:00
    date
    type=expanded
    11.10.2022 at 22:00:55
    date
    type=lastModified
    5.12.2016
    idno
    type=collection
    manuscripts
    idno
    type=url
    https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/BAVet25/main
    idno
    type=URI
    https://betamasaheft.eu/BAVet25
    idno
    type=filename
    BAVet25.xml
    idno
    type=ID
    BAVet25

    Encoding Description

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    Massimo Villa, Alessandro Bausi, ʻVatican City, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, Aeth. 25ʼ, in Alessandro Bausi, ed., Die Schriftkultur des christlichen Äthiopiens und Eritreas: Eine multimediale Forschungsumgebung / Beta maṣāḥǝft (Last Modified: 5.12.2016) https://betamasaheft.eu/manuscripts/BAVet25 [Accessed: 2024-03-28+01:00]

    Revisions of the data

    • Massimo Villa Created catalogue entry on 5.12.2016

    Attributions of the contents

    Alessandro Bausi, general editor

    Massimo Villa, editor

    This file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0.